调肝颗粒剂对大鼠人血白蛋白肝纤维化模型的治疗作用

目的：观察调肝颗粒剂对大鼠人血白蛋白肝纤维化模型治疗作用。方法：将85只大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、调肝颗粒大、中、小3个剂量组（即观察组）和鳖甲软肝片对照组。人血白蛋白免疫致敏法建立大鼠肝纤维化模型，观察组大鼠分别灌服调肝颗粒3g·kg^-1·d^-1、1．5g·kg^-1·d^-1、0．75g·kg^-1·d^-1，1次／d，鳖甲软肝片对照组每日灌服鳖甲软肝片0．7g·kg^-1·d^-1，1；L／d，治疗给药均在模型制备完毕后给药1个月药，股动脉取血，测定血清HA、PIIIP、IV—C和LN，取肝组织，Masson染色，并用MPEAS-500型图像分析仪进行图像分析。结果：治疗后，3个观察组HA含量均比模型组低，其中中剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．012）；IV-C含量3个观察组均比模型组低，差异有统计学意义（P=0．001）；PⅢP、LN含量3个观察组均比模型组低，但差异尚无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。胶原相对含量3个治疗组均比模型组低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；以上指标，在3个观察组与鳖甲软肝片对照组之间比较，差异均无统计学意义。肝组织纤维化病理表现，在3个观察组与模型组之间比较，均有不同程度的改善。结论：调肝颗粒剂能降低人血白蛋白诱发免疫损伤性肝纤维化大鼠血清HA、PⅢP、LN和Ⅳ型胶原含量，并能改善大鼠肝脏的纤维化病理状况。     

Ectopic models for endochondral ossification: comparing pellet and alginate bead culture methods

Key aspects of native endochondral bone development and fracture healing can be mimicked in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through standard in vitro chondrogenic induction. Exploiting this phenomenon has recently emerged as an attractive technique to engineer bone tissue, however, relatively little is known about the best conditions for doing so. The objective of the present study was to compare the bone‐forming capacity and angiogenic induction of hypertrophic cell constructs containing human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) primed for chondrogenesis in two different culture systems: high‐density pellets and alginate bead hydrogels. The hASC constructs were subjected to 4 weeks of identical chondrogenic induction in vitro, encapsulated in an agarose carrier, and then implanted subcutaneously in immune‐compromised mice for 8 weeks to evaluate their endochondral potential. At the time of implantation, both pellets and beads expressed aggrecan and type II collagen, as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and type X collagen. Interestingly, ASCs in pellets formed a matrix containing higher glycosaminoglycan and collagen contents than that in beads, and ALP activity per cell was higher in pellets. However, after 8 weeks in vivo, pellets and beads induced an equivalent volume of mineralized tissue and a comparable level of vascularization. Although osteocalcin and osteopontin‐positive osteogenic tissue and new vascular growth was found within both types of constructs, all appeared to be better distributed throughout the hydrogel beads. The results of this ectopic model indicate that hydrogel culture may be an attractive alternative to cell pellets for bone tissue engineering via the endochondral pathway. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HPLC法测定小活络丸(大蜜丸)中5-羟甲基糠醛的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定小活络丸(大蜜丸)中糖转化产物5-羟甲基糠醛的含量。方法采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm);以甲醇-1mL·L-1冰醋酸(3∶97)为流动相;检测波长为284nm;流速为1mL·min-1,柱温为30℃。结果 5-羟甲基糠醛在2.838～113.52μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5),最低检出限为0.3ng,平均回收率为95.8%,RSD为0.4%。结论该方法简便,快速,准确,精密度高,重复性好,可用于小活络丸(大蜜丸)中糖转化产物5-羟甲基糠醛的含量测定。     

布地奈德肠溶微丸的制备

目的研制布地奈德肠溶微丸。方法采用挤出滚圆工艺及流化床包衣法制备了伐他汀钠肠溶肠溶微丸,并采用正交试验设计对处方进行了优化,考察了微丸的粉体学性质及不同包衣增重微丸的体外释放实验。结果制得的布地奈德微丸圆整度高、收率高、体外释放度好。结论本方法制备工艺简单易行,重现性好,值得进一步的工业化生产。     

栀子提取物微丸的制备及其性质考察

目的:优选栀子提取物微丸的处方工艺,并考察其粉体学性质和收率.方法:运用国产挤出滚圆机制备栀子提取物微丸;采用单因素试验优选微丸处方和制备工艺;评价微丸的粉体学性质和收率.结果:采用挤出滚圆法制备的栀子提取物微丸外形美观,圆整度好,大小均匀,成品收率高.结论:采用挤出滚圆法可制备性质优良的栀子提取物微丸,且快速稳定、可操作性好、工艺简单、成本低廉、节能环保,尤其适合于工业化大生产.     

5-氨基水杨酸结肠定位微丸丸芯的制备

[目的]制备治疗炎症性肠病的5-氨基水杨酸双层包衣微丸的丸芯。[方法]采用挤出-滚圆技术制备丸芯,考察丸芯的最大载药量;考察崩解剂(CMS-Na)对药物溶出速度的影响,考察润湿剂(不同浓度乙醇)对丸芯硬度、药物溶出速度和丸芯脆碎度的影响。[结果]平衡对工艺有利;滚圆载量和滚圆时间需要控制在一定范围内;最大载药量为75%(w/w);崩解剂在处方中的最大含量为4%(w/w),崩解剂含量越高,药物溶出速度越快;乙醇浓度越高,丸芯硬度越低,药物溶出速度越快,物料/润湿剂中水(质量比)需要在维持在1.6左右,才能使挤出工艺顺利进行;乙醇浓度越高,丸芯脆碎度越大。[结论]应用本实验中确定的处方和工艺参数制备出的丸芯表面光滑、坚硬,圆整度良好,能够进行下一步的流化床包衣。     

玳玳黄酮自微乳化微丸的体外溶出性

目的:研究玳玳黄酮自微乳化微丸中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷的体外溶出度。方法:运用HPLC法测定玳玳黄酮自微乳化微丸在纯化水中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷的溶出度,分别用零级动力学方程、一级动力学方程和Higuchi方程对溶出数据进行拟合,并采用相似因子(f2)分析溶出曲线。结果:玳玳黄酮自微乳化微丸溶出过程以一级动力学方程拟合最佳。柚皮苷和新橙皮苷溶出曲线的f2为92.48。结论:玳玳黄酮自微乳化微丸中柚皮苷和新橙皮苷在体外释放动力学符合一级动力学方程,能够从自微乳化微丸中同歩释放。     

中心复合设计法优化盐酸普罗帕酮缓释微丸包衣液处方

目的采用Eudragit NE30D对盐酸普罗帕酮微丸包衣,制备了日服2次的盐酸普罗帕酮缓释微丸。方法通过单因素实验考察药物释放的影响因素,确立处方组成;采用中心复合设计试验对处方进行优化。结果包衣增质量和抗黏剂滑石粉用量是影响药物释放的主要因素,以综合评分值为考察指标拟合所得多元二次方程为Y=100.066 1-19.368 4X1-0.808 0X2+1.183 6X21+0.048 21X1X2+0.003 214X22,复相关系数r=0.974 7。结论中心复合设计优化处方预测性良好,制得盐酸普罗帕酮缓释微丸符合实验设计要求。