髌骨骨折应用镍钛记忆合金聚髌器临床治疗研究

目的探讨镍钛记忆合金聚髌器内固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法采用镍钛记忆合金聚髌器内固定治疗髌骨骨折82例,并与钢丝环扎固定术20例、克氏针张力带固定术38例进行回顾性比较和分析。结果钢丝环扎固定术组(A组20例)、克氏针张力带固定术组(B组38例)、NT-PC固定术组(C组82例)优良率分别为80.0%、89.5%、96.3%。3组之间优良率比较,NT-PC固定术组优于钢丝环扎固定术组和克氏针张力带固定术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论镍钛形状记忆合金聚髌器内固定治疗髌骨骨折完全符合张力带原则,适用范围广,复位及固定可靠,手术创伤小,术后早期功能锻炼可利于关节功能恢复,可作为髌骨骨折首选的手术治疗方法。     

A Review of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques for Defect Detection: Application to Fusion Welding and Future Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Processes

In Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) and fusion welding, various defects such as porosity, cracks, deformation and lack of fusion can occur during the fabrication process. These have a strong impact on the mechanical properties and can also lead to failure of the manufactured parts during service. These defects can be recognized using non-destructive testing (NDT) methods so that the examined workpiece is not harmed. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various NDT techniques for WAAM and fusion welding, including laser-ultrasonic, acoustic emission with an airborne optical microphone, optical emission spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, laser opto-ultrasonic dual detection, thermography and also in-process defect detection via weld current monitoring with an oscilloscope. In addition, the novel research conducted, its operating principle and the equipment required to perform these techniques are presented. The minimum defect size that can be identified via NDT methods has been obtained from previous academic research or from tests carried out by companies. The use of these techniques in WAAM and fusion welding applications makes it possible to detect defects and to take a step towards the production of high-quality final components.     

米非司酮配伍米索前列醇及联合清宫术治疗稽留流产临床观察

目的：探讨米非司酮配伍米索前列醇及联合清宫术治疗稽留流产的临床疗效.方法：对100例诊断为稽留流产患者,口服米非司酮及米索前列醇进行药物流产后常规给予清宫,观察妊娠组织自然排出率、排出时间、阴道出血量、药物不良反应、清宫时宫口扩张情况、手术难易程度、术后阴道流血时间.结果：100例患者中妊娠组织自然排出率（有效率）为92%,组织排出时间短,平均4h29min;阴道出血量≥100ml者5例,其余患者均在20～85ml之间;所有病例清宫时宫口松弛,无需扩宫,清宫容易;术后阴道流血时间短,平均5.3天;无严重不良反应发生.结论：口服米非司酮配伍米索前列醇及联合清宫术治疗稽留流产,具有阴道出血量少,药物不良反应轻,手术易操作,是一种安全有效、较为理想的治疗方法,值得临床推广使用.     

企业情况说明在药品抽验评价中的地位与作用

目的促进制药企业分析查找产品不符合标准规定的原因,确保制药行业的健康发展。方法对企业情况说明在药品评价抽验中的作用进行了系统分析。结果与结论企业情况说明对企业和政府均意义重大,需要引起双方的共同重视。     

关节镜下张力带钢丝治疗胫骨棘骨折66例临床观察

探讨关节镜下张力带钢丝治疗胫骨棘骨折的治疗方法。方法:在关节镜下行关节腔清理,胫骨棘骨折块复位,用张力带钢丝固定,3~4周后行膝关节功能锻炼。结果:全部66例采用本方法治疗,术后6~12月随访,按Hohl方法评估均为优。术后无1例病人发生感染、关节粘连、僵硬强直。结论:本方法治疗胫骨棘骨折创伤小,复位满意,固定牢固。早期可行功能锻炼,可避免膝关节受限,减少病人经济负担。     

ACL injury while jumping rope in a patient with an unintended increase in the tibial slope after an opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an accepted surgical technique for the treatment of medial compartmental arthrosis of the knee in younger patients. Compared to total knee arthroplasty, HTO may be a good choice in patients who wish to continue with heavy labor and/or impact sports. Based on the rehabilitation protocol after HTO, impact sports, such as running, jumping rope, and full sports activities, are generally permitted 6 months postoperatively. Jumping rope is an excellent form of aerobic exercise, and when done properly, jumping rope can lead to a dramatic improvement in rehabilitation and full sports activities. However, an adequate evaluation should be performed prior to initiating impact sports. We present the case of a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament that occurred in a patient with an unintended increase in the tibial slope after an opening wedge HTO who was jumping rope.     

关节镜辅助下治疗成人胫骨髁间棘骨折22例

目的探讨关节镜辅助下成人胫骨髁间棘骨折的微创治疗。方法在2006年1月至2008年5月期间共完成关节镜下成人胫骨髁间棘骨折修复固定22例,其中男12例,女10例;新鲜骨折18例,陈旧性骨折4例;按Meyers—McKeever骨折分型：Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型14例。22例骨折全部在关节镜下应用钢丝缝合固定。术后进行系统化的患肢康复训练,包括主动和被动伸屈关节（ROM）,髌骨推移锻炼,进行股四头肌、胭绳肌、小腿肌的肌力锻炼,以及患膝的本体感觉训练。结果术后6个月对所有患者均进行随访和康复指导,并进行放射学和,临床评估。放射学检查：术后8周,所有患者的骨折均获得骨性愈合;术后6个月所有患者患膝活动范围均达到了健侧水平,无疼痛症状;4例患者患膝关节有轻微的慢性肿胀。HSS膝关节临床功能评分：优18例,良4例。结论关节镜下钢丝缝合固定治疗胫骨髁间棘骨折具有手术创伤小、操作简便、固定可靠、术后康复快、并发症少等优点,同时可以发现并治疗关节内合并伤,能够最大程度恢复膝关节功能。     

满山红油胶丸与沐舒坦祛痰疗效及安全性比较

目的比较满山红油胶丸与沐舒坦两种药物止咳祛痰作用的临床疗效,在50例呼吸系统疾病患者中,作多中心的临床研究。方法50例呼吸系统疾病患者分为满山红油治疗组和沐舒坦对照组,分别服用上述两种药物,连服1周。结果两组治疗咳嗽的总有效率分别为92.0%和84.0%,两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;两组治疗咳痰量的总有效率分别为95.4%和63.6%,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组治疗痰黏度的总有效率分别为90.9%和59.1%,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论1周常规剂量治疗咳嗽、咯痰,满山红油治疗组优于沐舒坦对照组。