The Effects of Spectral Power Distribution and Illuminance Levels on Key Parameters in the Male Golden Hamster and Rat With Preliminary Observations on the Effects of Pinealectomy

Three different light sources were used to determine the effects of spectral power distribution (SPD) and illuminance levels on growth and organ weights of male golden hamsters and rats. SPD had little effect on organ weights or measurements of either rats or hamsters. However, responses to illuminance levels were quite apparent, provided they were equalized for the scotopic eye sensitivity curve characteristic of nocturnal animals. Under seven illuminance levels from 0 to 3.9 scotopic fc, hamsters demonstrated graded responses in gonadal weights and presumed function from 0 to 0.02 scotopic fc. Above this level, photopic saturation was apparent. The neuroendocrine system of pinealectomized animals failed to show sensitivity to illuminance levels. The suggestion is made that the pineal gland acts to monitor illuminance levels (below about 0.02 scotopic fc) as well as photic duration. While the latter appears to be an "all or none" effect, the former appears to be graded.     

Characteristic power Doppler sonographic images of tumorous and non-tumorous buccal space lesions

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristic power Doppler sonographic images of buccal space tumorous and non-tumorous lesions.

Methods:

48 patients with buccal space lesions were evaluated with greyscale sonography followed by power Doppler sonography with a 12 MHz linear transducer. On greyscale sonography, buccal space lesions were assessed for the boundary (clear or unclear), echogenicity (hypoechoic or isoechoic) and internal architecture (homogeneous or heterogeneous). Power Doppler sonography was performed to evaluate the vascular signals within the buccal space lesions.

Results:

48 lesions were found in the 48 patients; of these 48 lesions, 28 were tumourous and 20 were non-tumourous. In the 28 tumours, 15 cases showed clear boundaries, 15 cases were hypoechoic relative to adjacent tissues and 22 cases presented with a heterogeneous appearance on greyscale sonography. The internal vascularity of 19 tumours was shown using power Doppler sonography. In the 20 non-tumorous lesions, 11 cases showed clear boundaries, 17 cases were hypoechoic relative to adjacent tissues and 13 cases presented with a homogeneous appearance on greyscale sonography. 18 non-tumorous lesions showed no internal vascularity using power Doppler sonography. Logistic multivariate regression analysis between the tumour group and the non-tumorous lesions group demonstrated that the internal architecture (odds ratio = 8.270, p = 0.029) and vascular signals (odds ratio = 17.533, p = 0.003) were significant variables.

Conclusions:

Power Doppler sonography is a useful technique for the differential diagnosis of tumorous and non-tumorous buccal space lesions.     

腰椎小关节真空现象的CT诊断意义

提出腰椎小关节真空现象在ＣＴ诊断意义中的一种新观点。材料与方法：分析９例腰椎小关节真空现象的ＣＴ片及腰椎侧位片的表现。结果；其中７例均有相关椎体的前滑脱。结论；腰椎小关节真空现象不仅仅是关节软骨退行性变的表现，更是腰椎滑脱的征象。     

封闭负压引流技术结合组织瓣移植治疗胫腓骨严重开放性骨折

目的探讨封闭负压引流技术结合组织瓣移植,治疗胫腓骨严重开放性骨折的临床疗效。方法自2009年8月至2012年8月,对21例严重胫腓骨开放性骨折,行一期清创,骨折采用外固定架固定,应用封闭负压引流技术结合组织瓣移植治疗。结果术后随访10~36个月,所有患者骨折愈合良好,均无骨髓炎发生,功能恢复满意。结论封闭负压引流技术能改善创面软组织条件,结合组织瓣移植修复,是治疗胫腓骨严重开放性损伤的有效方法。     

三种创面处理方法治疗胫腓骨骨折合并骨筋膜室综合征临床疗效分析

目的探讨切开复位内固定结合传统敞开引流无菌敷料敷盖、DR脱细胞异种(猪)皮和持续负压封闭引流技术(VSD)3种创面处理技术治疗胫腓骨骨折合并骨筋膜室综合征的疗效。方法 67例胫腓骨骨折合并骨筋膜室综合征,早期均行切开减张术和内固定术,分别以传统敞开引流无菌敷料覆盖(A组,n=35)、DR脱细胞异种(猪)皮覆盖(B组,n=13)、VSD持续吸引(C组,n=19)处理至创面肉芽组织生长良好后,二期行游离植皮术。结果 C组创面修复及骨折愈合良好,且骨筋膜室综合征得到控制;在换药次数、术后3 d伤口渗出量、减轻小腿肿胀程度、疼痛、伤口感染率、住院时间、二期创面修复时间方面,B、C组均优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论切开复位内固定结合VSD技术治疗胫腓骨骨折合并骨筋膜室综合征可缩短治疗时间,降低感染率和渗出量,减轻肿胀和疼痛。尽管DR脱细胞异种(猪)皮不及VSD技术优势明显,但是其价格低廉,适用于基层医院的推广。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术致胆管的热力损伤

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术致胆管热力损伤的原因、特点、处理及预防方法。方法回顾总结我院1992-2002年间收治的腹腔镜胆囊切除术致胆管热力损伤的8例临床资料。结果6例表现为穿孔性损伤：右肝管损伤1例，肝总管损伤4例，胆总管损伤1例，经过1次或1次以上手术治疗后痊愈；2例表现为延迟性胆管狭窄，均为肝总管损伤，再次手术后痊愈。随访1．5～9年，无胆管狭窄。结论与机械性胆管损伤相比，腹腔镜胆囊切除术致胆管热力损伤具有一定的特点，且其病情复杂、处理困难、处理方法灵活多样；娴熟的腹腔镜技术、正确掌握中转开腹指征以及丰富的胆道外科经验是预防和处理胆道热力损伤的关键。     

负压引流和内口修补术治疗肛周脓肿的疗效分析

为观察负压引流对促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的疗效。将100例肛周脓肿患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组50例,治疗组采用一期肛周脓肿戳洞负压引流和内口修补术治疗,对照组采用肛周脓肿常规一期根治术治疗。观察两组术后创面愈合时间、肛门疼痛评分及术后复发评分。结果显示,治疗组在创面愈合时间、术后疼痛评分及术后6个月复发评分方面均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结果表明,戳洞负压引流和内口修补术能显著缩短肛周脓肿术后创面愈合时间,并减轻术后疼痛,降低复发率。     

VSD技术结合全厚皮片植皮修复足背部大面积皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨应用负压封闭引流（vacuum sealing drainage,VSD）技术结合全厚皮片植皮修复足背部大面积皮肤软组织缺损或毁损的临床效果。方法对10例车祸伤导致的足背部大面积皮肤软组织缺损或毁损者采用先以VSD技术覆盖创面,待肉芽组织生长良好后再以全厚皮片植皮进行修复。结果10例患者足部创面愈合良好,足部植皮一期成活,植皮无破溃,无瘢痕挛缩,足部外形不臃肿,是部功能无明显影响。结论该手术方法操作简单,风险低,术后护理方便,植皮区不需二期整形,不影响足部功能,是修复足背部皮肤软组织缺损的理想方法。     

持续封闭负压引流结合三棱针多点打孔对蝮蛇咬伤的治疗效果观察

目的：观察腹蛇咬伤后咬伤部位早期持续封闭负压引流（VSD）结合三棱针打孔法治疗的效果.方法：根据患者中毒时间、病情严重程度采用配伍设计,选取2012年7-8月份我院接诊手部腹蛇咬伤肿胀患者40例,随机分为A组（切开引流组,10例,在咬伤部位行＂＋＂字形切开至皮下层）、B组（切开引流＋VSD组,10例,伤口＂＋＂字形切开,然后行持续VSD）、C组（单纯三棱针打孔组,10例,在咬伤伤口周围用三棱针多点打孔20～30个）和D组（三棱针打孔＋VSD组,10例,在咬伤伤口周围用三棱针多点打孔20～30个,然后行持续VSD）.入院后同时给予抗腹蛇毒血清、抗感染及中医中药等治疗.观察患者患肢肿胀消退时间、伤口部位感染、脓肿、坏死发生率及住院时间.结果：①各组间患肢肿胀消退时间差异显著,D组明显低于A、B、C组[（2.1±1.5）d比（5.0±2.7）d,（3.4±1.7）d,（3.1±3.0）d;P〈0.05];②B、D组无一例出现伤口部位感染、脓肿形成及坏死,与A、C组（20%和40%）比较差异显著（P〈0.05）.③各组间伤口愈合时间及住院时间差异显著,D组均明显低于A、B、C组[（3.5±1.5）d比（7.5±2.5）d,（5.3±1.3）d,（4.7±1.3）d; P〈0.05].结论：腹蛇咬伤后咬伤部位早期三棱针打孔法结合持续VSD可显著缩短患者患肢肿胀消退时间及住院时间.