Investigating the JD‐R occupational stress model with Australian direct‐care workers: A focus group approach

This study aimed to explore the use of a contemporary workplace stress model, the Job Demands‐Resources model, with direct‐care workers using a qualitative approach. The JD‐R model has successfully been used to predict health outcomes across different occupations using quantitative methods. However, the use of the generic questionnaire developed for this model may not always be appropriate. Direct‐care workers (n = 19) attended two focus groups and reported on their job demands, job resources and personal resources. Six themes relating to demands across the two groups: funding insecurity, time pressure, hindrance demands, poor systems, emotional engagement and dealing with client crises were identified. Participants identified clinical supervision, social support and progressive workplace resources as job resources. Finally, the personal resources identified by participants were professional behaviours, disposition and self‐care. The JD‐R model and its standard questionnaire captures some of these aspects of direct‐care work, but many were not assessed. As such, future investigations with direct‐care workers should ensure items related to poor systems, progressive workplace resources, disposition and professional behaviours are included. Alternatively, a qualitative approach should be used as a first step in the development of valid questionnaires when investigating workplace stress with this group to ensure their experience is accurately quantified.     

泛媒体环境下网络舆情传播优化控制平台的实现

利用“导”“控”结合的wiiki技术,以消息识别为基础,搭建了灵活调用不同模型,人人参与、共同编辑的网络舆情传播优化控制的技术平台,引入“外舆论场”概念和用户分析手段,优化免疫,全程接种,加速网络舆情传播的理性化与客观化,实现和谐的网络信息环境。以Swarm软件进行仿真分析,充分验证了该平台控制方法的有效性,优化了舆情传播控制路径,为促进舆情理性传播提供理论支持。     

校园在线公开课平台用户体验研究

重庆医科大学校园在线公开课“酷课”是基于课程知识点的网络自主学习平台,其用户体验和完善程度直接关系到平台的使用效率。在对该平台的用户体验研究中,梳理出基于感官、交互、情感的评价体系作为用户体验指标,以《文献检索与临床信息系统》的课程教学为切入点,采用问卷调查和焦点小组访谈调查的方式对体验者（包括学生及教师）进行研究,为平台建设提供建议。     

基于新浪微博健康信息用户的社会网络分析

利用社会网络分析方法,在新浪微博平台上,以41个与健康相关的、粉丝量在100万以上的信息用户为例,探讨了微博中用户之间存在的社会网络结构及其中的信息传播特点,发现微博中健康信息用户之间的相互交流程度较低,并且存在抱团现象,不利于良好的信息交流;41个用户中虽然大部分属于核心区,但用户之间交流分散,并且有一些核心节点与其他节点完全零交流,造成了用户之间的信息不能达到有效的共享,信息不能得到广泛的传播。     

Coping with coping strategies: how distributed teams and their members deal with the stress of distance,time zones and culture

The changing world of work is increasing demands on workers through greater need for flexibility in global collaboration. This multiple‐case study uses a qualitative research approach to study context‐specific job stressors and coping in ten geographically distributed work teams. Results demonstrate the complex and dynamic nature of the stress‐coping process and how coping strategies, adapted to manage stress‐evoking uncertainty and ambiguity in distributed work, created secondary sources of psychological strain to individuals. The main strategies for managing the uncertainty and ambiguity in the studied teams were extensive emailing, travelling to face‐to‐face meetings and extending workdays to collaborate simultaneously across time zones. Continuously used, these coping strategies created work overload and strain. Experienced workers, who had good self‐management skills, succeeded in coping with these secondary sources of strain by prioritizing and setting clear limits for workload. Less‐experienced workers were overloaded and needed more social support from their leaders and teammates. The study proposes that distributed team members rely heavily on individual coping resources, because spatial and temporal distance hinders or even precludes the mobilization of social resources related to emotional, instrumental and informational social support. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

从卫生经济学的角度分析看病贵的根源

目前看病贵已经成为我国突出的社会问题。从卫生经济学的角度分析，卫生服务市场存在着诱导需求是看病贵的根源，按项目收费的支付方式使看病责成为了现实。要从根本上改变看病贵的现状，必须在体制上找对策，即改变按项目收费这个费用支付方式。     

A model of burnout and life satisfaction amongst nurses

This study, among 109 German nurses, tested a theoretically derived model of burnout and overall life satisfaction. The model discriminates between two conceptually different categories of working conditions, namely job demands and job resources. It was hypothesized that: (1) job demands, such as demanding contacts with patients and time pressure, are most predictive of exhaustion; (2) job resources, such as (poor) rewards and (lack of) participation in decision making, are most predictive of disengagement from work; and (3) job demands and job resources have an indirect impact on nurses' life satisfaction, through the experience of burnout (i.e., exhaustion and disengagement). A model including each of these relationships was tested simultaneously with structural equations modelling. Results confirm the strong effects of job demands and job resources on exhaustion and disengagement respectively, and the mediating role of burnout between the working conditions and life satisfaction. These findings contribute to existing knowledge about antecedents and consequences of occupational burnout, and provide guidelines for interventions aimed at preventing or reducing burnout among nurses.     

医疗信息系统的时间同步

本文讨论了医疗信息系统的时间同步的必要性，介绍了一个在VB6．0下封装了Winsock构成的时间同步控件和利用它实现时间同步的方案，给出了部分实现代码。