发皇古义，继承创新——孙桐教授谈中医基础理论的继承与发展

中医基础理论现代化是整个中医药学现代化的基础,其研究方式可以从文献学角度、实验角度、中西医结合角度等多方面展开,当务之急是统一中医理论中一些最基本的概念和术语,用现代精确的科学术语来表述它们,使之规范化、标准化。     

正常人人迎寸口脉动相关性的季节观察

目的 进行正常人人迎寸口脉动相关性的季节观察。方法 借助经颅多普勒血流检测仪（简称TCD）分别于1月中旬（冬季）、7月中旬（夏季）检测随机选择的62例正常人的迎脉寸口脉搏情况,并分不同性别、不同年龄比较分析了人迎脉,寸口脉的变化。结果 ①正常人人迎脉与寸口脉的血流速度无明显差异（P＞0.05）,在不同了组、不同年龄组、不同性别组中均是如此;②下人冬季的寸口脉的血流速度 较夏季稍大;正常人夏季的人迎脉的血流速度较冬季稍大,但均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）;③正常人冬季寸口脉的血汉速度稍大于人迎脉的血流速度 ,人迎的血流速度稍大于寸口脉的血流速度,在不同性别组中是如此,在不同年龄组中基本如此,唯60－75岁组夏季的寸口脉反而稍大于人迎脉。结论 初步建立了正常人不同季节人迎脉、寸口脉脉动及其相关性的TCD指标。     

Research trends of prostatitis over past 20 years: A bibliometric analysis

In the past two decades, thousands of documents in the field of prostatitis have been published. This bibliometric analysis aimed to assess the characteristics, hotspots and frontiers trend of global scientific output on prostatitis. With the trend of moderate growth, altogether 2,423 papers were reviewed. The leading role of the United States in global prostatitis research was obvious, while China had developed rapidly in recent years. Queen's University and JOURNAL OF UROLOGY were the most prolific affiliation and journal respectively. Nickel, J. C made the greatest contribution to the field of prostatitis. Five hotspots have been confirmed: (a) male infertility associated with prostatitis and the molecular mechanisms; (b) diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis; (c) inflammation, pain and bladder irritation symptoms; (d) relationship between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer; (e) epidemiology, complications of prostatitis and improvement of acupuncture. This bibliometric analysis reveals that the international cooperation was becoming more and more close. Hotspot analysis shows that the molecular mechanism of prostatitis will be a hotspot in the future, mainly focussing on inflammatory immunity and oxidative stress.     

Current status and solutions for gender equity in anaesthesia research

Despite increasing numbers of women entering anaesthesia, they remain persistently under-represented within academic anaesthesia and research. Gender discordance is seen across multiple aspects of research, including authorship, editorship, peer review, grant receipt, speaking and leading. Women are also under-represented at higher faculty ranks and in department chair positions. These inequities are further magnified for women with intersectional identities, such as those who identify as Black, indigenous and women of colour. Several barriers to participation in research have been identified to date, including a disproportionate amount of family responsibilities, a disproportionate burden of clinical service, gender bias, sexual harassment and the gender pay gap. Several strategies to improve gender equity have been proposed. Increasing access to formal mentorship of women in academic medicine is frequently cited and has been used by healthcare institutions and medical societies. Senior faculty and leaders must also be conscious of including women in sponsorship and networking opportunities. Institutions should provide support for parents of all genders, including supportive parental leave policies and flexible work models. Women should also be materially supported to attend formal educational conferences targeted for women, aimed at improving networking, peer support and professional development. Finally, leaders must display a clear intolerance for sexual harassment and discrimination to drive culture change. Peers and leaders alike, of all genders, can act as upstanders and speak up on behalf of targets of discrimination, both in the moment or after the fact. Gender inequities have persisted for far too long and can no longer be ignored. Diversifying the anaesthesia research community is essential to the future of the field.     

中医药治疗糖尿病肾病实验研究进展

糖尿病肾病（DN）是糖尿病常见慢性并发症之一,白蛋白尿和肾小球滤过率下降是目前糖尿病肾病诊断的重要临床指征。DN严重影响着患者的生命质量,尽早地干预糖尿病肾病的危险因素,纠正胰岛素代谢障碍导致的长期高血糖因素影响下的肾脏损伤,是有效阻止其进展为终末期肾脏疾病的关键。中医药秉持其特色理论取得了独特的治疗优势,随着中医药对于DN的认识与研究的加深,实验研究方面也取得了一定的进展。本文总结了中医研究DN动物模型的常用构建方法,同时从中医药调节免疫炎症反应、降低氧化应激水平、改善肾脏血流动力学改变、纠正糖脂代谢紊乱等机制方面列举分析中医药辨治糖尿病实验研究进展,探讨中医药防治DN的机制,以期对临床有所裨益。     

单味药药性成因假说下的范式方法研究淫羊藿药性

科学合理的中药药性研究方法是中医药药性科学内涵研究的基础和客观要求。在既往创建的“单味药药性成因假说”理论指导下,在国内外首次创建“单味药药性形成演变分类范式模块”研究方法。运用此方法,在利用现代药效物质基础研究成果解析淫羊藿四气药性合理性的基础上,在中医学理论语境下,分析单味药淫羊藿四气药性历史形成、演变过程及影响因素,并将研究结果纳入模块类别单元分类。为建立系统、科学合理的中药药性研究方法与手段,提供了新思路。     

中药材及饮片质量等级标准研究思路和方法

中药质量评价作为保障中药材及饮片质量安全有效的有力手段,对维护人民群众身心健康、促进中药产业高质量发展具有重要意义。长久以来,中药质量多以法定检验标准为准入门槛进行低限控制,质量等级标准缺乏,致使中药质量仅能满足基本要求,而“优质优价”未能得到充分体现,导致“劣币驱逐良币”,市场公平严重受损,这很大程度影响了中药产业高质量发展。因此,开展中药质量优劣评价研究,构建中药质量等级标准体系对于全面落实“四个最严”要求、促进中医药传承创新发展、规范市场秩序、引导产业健康发展具有深远而重大的意义。对中药材质量评价现状进行概述,针对目前中药材质量评价的瓶颈问题,提出符合中医药特点的质量等级标准研究思路,包括关键质量控制指标确立、综合质量评价方法建立、质量等级标准验证等内容,以期为建立中药质量等级评价体系提供参考,助力中药产业高质量发展。     

基于CiteSpace的近5年国内外男性骨质疏松症研究热点可视化分析

目的 对比近5年男性骨质疏松症国内外研究现状、热点。方法 以中国知网（CNKI）、Web of Science（WOS）核心合集数据库为数据来源,利用CtieSpace,v.5.6.R1对近5年男性骨质疏松症文献进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入中文文献552篇、英文文献3632篇,针对男性骨质疏松症领域的研究主要国家为美国、英国、法国、澳大利亚,主要期刊为Journal of Bone and Mineral Research、Osteoporosis International、Bone。与国外相比,国内机构之间、作者之间缺乏合作。国内外男性骨质疏松症的研究在骨质疏松症的病因、危险因素、实验室检查、影像学检查、治疗药物、骨折风险评估等基础上,以药物治疗、疾病筛查、骨折风险评估等方面为研究热点,就骨质疏松症预防与骨折风险评估而言,国内外研究方向大致相同。在药物治疗方面,国外对新型抗骨质疏松药物的研究较国内更深入。结论 在我国未来男性骨质疏松症的相关研究中,多中心、机构、作者之间的合作有助于研究领域的发展,同时也需更进一步开展骨质疏松性骨折评估、预防、新型抗骨质疏松药物等研究。