3例子宫体原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床病理观察

目的 探讨3例原发于子宫体非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)临床病理特点.方法 收集3例原发于子宫体NHL的临床病理资料,采用免疫组织化学方法标记肿瘤细胞,按最新WHO淋巴造血组织肿瘤分类进行组织学分型,并与子宫其他疾病进行鉴别诊断.结果 3个病例均以异常阴道排液或出血为首发症状就诊,临床及病理都误诊为子宫常见疾病.子宫标本组织病理显示:病例1肿瘤细胞表达CD3、CD56及TiA-1等抗原,且EBV病毒表达阳性,支持NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的诊断.病例2和病例3肿瘤细胞表达B细胞特异抗原标记CD20等,肿瘤细胞体积为淋巴细胞的3倍,增殖指数高,支持弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤的诊断.结论 3例病例镜下肿瘤细胞似淋巴细胞样,弥漫浸润子宫内膜及肌壁间,与子宫内膜间质肉瘤等难以鉴别,需借助免疫组织化学方法进行确诊及鉴别诊断.     

3种子宫内膜准备方案对冻融胚胎移植患者妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨在子宫内膜异位症（EMT）、子宫腺肌症或不明原因反复种植失败（RIF）患者冻融胚胎移植（FET）周期中,单纯激素替代方案、半量长效促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（GnRH-a）和全量长效GnRH-a降调节后联合激素替代方案3种内膜准备方法对移植后妊娠结局的影响,为临床内膜准备方案的选择提供依据。方法：选择进行FET治疗的EMT、子宫腺肌症或不明原因RIF患者191例,按照子宫内膜准备方法分为单纯激素替代组（n=63）、半量GnRH-a组（n=61）和全量GnRH-a组（n=67）。回顾性分析并比较各组患者年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、不孕年限、移植周期数、移植胚胎数、孕激素转化日内膜厚度、移植日内膜厚度、移植优质胚胎率、宫内临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率等情况。结果：3组FET周期患者的一般临床资料,包括年龄、BMI、不孕年限、移植周期数、移植胚胎数、孕激素转化日内膜厚度、移植日内膜厚度和移植优质胚胎率比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;全量GnRH-a组和半量GnRH-a组患者宫内临床妊娠率及胚胎种植率明显高于单纯激素替代组（χ²=9.000,P<0.05;χ²=7.917,P<0.05）;与半量GnRH-a组比较,全量GnRH-a组宫内临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：在EMT、子宫腺肌症或不明原因RIF患者FET周期中,GnRH-a降调节后联合激素替代方案可有效改善FET妊娠结局;全量长效GnRH-a及半量长效GnRH-a降调节后的妊娠结局较为相似,并且半量长效GnRH-a更有利于减轻患者的经济负担,可作为FET周期中内膜准备方案的理想选择。     

子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1检测的临床意义

目的：探讨血清细胞质胸苷激酶1（TK1）检测在子宫内膜癌诊治中的临床价值。方法：利用免疫印迹增强化学发光法（ECLA）检测154例子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1的含量,同时检测130例子宫内膜良性疾病和121名健康人血清中的TK1含量。结果：子宫内膜癌患者TK1水平[3.14（1.87—3.95）pmol／L]显著高于子宫内膜良性疾病组[1.31（0.95—1.63）pmol／L]和正常对照组[1.24（0.62—1.49）pmol／L]（P〈0.01）;而子宫内膜良性疾病组和正常对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。154例子宫内膜癌患者手术后血清TK1水平明显下降。子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1阳性率（61.7％）远高于其他生殖道肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原（CEA）（15.6％）]、糖抗原[CA199（14.5％）,CA125（17.9％）]。结论：血清TK1检测在子宫内膜癌诊断、预后判断、疗效监测等方面具有一定的临床应用价值。     

PCNA含量及DNA含量联合检测在子宫内膜癌及癌前病变中诊断意义

目的：说明ＰＣＮＡ含量及ＤＮＡ含量联合检测在子宫内膜癌及癌前病变中的诊断意义;两种取材方法对结果的影响,以探讨临床工作采用新鲜标本作为早期诊断的辅助手段是可行的。     

TNF-α induces dyscohesion of epithelial cells. Association with disassembly of actin filaments

TNF-α induced, in a time and dose-dependent fashion, cell-cell dissociation (dyscohesion) of endometrial epithelial cells. Within the time frame that dyscohesion was induced, TNF-α, in a dose-dependent fashion, reduced filamentous (F) actin and resulted in the loss of F-actin from the intercellular boundaries. Loss of F-actin mediated by TNF-α was not due to a reduction in the overall amount of actin or its β-isoform. Two proteins, Rho and Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (Rho-GDI), have been implicated in the regulation of organization of actin cytoskeleton. The reduced level of F-actin was not associated with altered expression of Rho protein, however, it was associated with an increase in the amount of Rho available for ribosylationin vitro by the C3 exoenzyme of Clostridium botulinum. The amount of Rho-GDI protein did not change after treatment with TNF-α suggesting that elevated expression of this protein is not responsible for the disassembly of actin filaments. These findings show that TNF-α induces dyscohesion. Dyscohesion induced by this cytokine is associated with perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton which may be due to the regulatory role of TNF-α on Rho.     

Alport Disease: A Review of the Diagnostic Difficulties

In patients with familial hematuria, ultrastructural study of the renal biopsy has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of Alport disease, based on characteristic findings of glomerular basement membrane thickening due to reduplication of the lamina densa. But the diagnosis has difficulties as not all biopsies from Alport disease patients have these structural changes. In adult female patients or in children, extensive thinning of the basement membrane can be the major abnormality by electron microscopy. Until the genetic mutation of collagen IV responsible for Alport disease can be demonstrated in all patients, the diagnosis will continue to be a challenge at the clinical and at the ultrastructural levels.     

Cytologic Observations on Trypsinized Cells Obtained from Human Endometrial Epithelium in Tissue Culture

Abstract

Although epithelial cells have been successfully grown from tissue culture of endometrial explants, they survived for only a few weeks before fibroblasts overgrew and eliminated the epithelium. We describe a method for growing endometrial epithelium from menstrual blood and passing them using 0.25% trypsin in EDTA; cells survived in vitro for 24 weeks. The morphology of the processed cells differed from that observed in vitro: trypsinized cells were rounded with long surface processes and microvilli; nuclei were irregular and contained a macronucleus; the cytoplasm appeared very granular. Immunocytochemistry revealed 90–95% positivity for anti-keratin; EM confirmed the light microscopic findings. Nuclei were large and irregular with a macronucleus and cytoplasmic organelles. The most striking feature of these cells was the abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, surface projections, and microvilli.

Endometrial epithelium undergoing trypsinization is not irreversibly damaged and retains its epithelial characteristics although it may be mechanically disrupted as a tissue and separated into single cells or small groups of cells. (The J Hislotechnol 10:233, 1987.)     

Surface engineering of artificial heart valve disks using nanostructured thin films deposited by chemical vapour deposition and sol-gel methods

Pyrolytic carbon (PyC) is widely used in manufacturing commercial artificial heart valve disks (HVD). Although PyC is commonly used in HVD, it is not the best material for this application since its blood compatibility is not ideal for prolonged clinical use. As a result thrombosis often occurs and the patients are required to take anti-coagulation drugs on a regular basis in order to minimize the formation of thrombosis. However, anti-coagulation therapy gives rise to some detrimental side effects in patients. Therefore, it is extremely urgent that newer and more technically advanced materials with better surface and bulk properties are developed. In this paper, we report the mechanical properties of PyC-HVD, i.e. strength, wear resistance and coefficient of friction. The strength of the material was assessed using Brinell indentation tests. Furthermore, wear resistance and coefficient of friction values were obtained from pin-on-disk testing. The micro-structural properties of PyC were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy and SEM analysis. Also in this paper we report the preparation of freestanding nanocrystalline diamond films (FSND) using the time-modulated chemical vapour deposition (TMCVD) process. Furthermore, the sol-gel technique was used to uniformly coat PyC-HVD with dense, nanocrystalline-titanium oxide (nc-TiO₂) coatings. The as-grown nc-TiO₂ coatings were characterized for microstructure using SEM and XRD analysis.     

滋癸益经汤联合滋肾育胎丸治疗卵巢早衰的研究

【目的】观察滋癸益经汤联合滋肾育胎丸治疗卵巢早衰(POF)的临床疗效。【方法】将66例POF患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各33例。治疗组给予口服滋癸益经汤加滋肾育胎丸治疗,对照组给予口服滋癸益经汤加维生素E胶囊治疗,3个月为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。观察2组患者治疗前、治疗3个月及6个月后的各项证候积分、月经情况、血清性激素水平[促卵泡生成激素(FSH)、促黄体生成激素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、抗苗勒氏管激素(AMH)]及彩超检查指标[子宫内膜厚度、卵巢体积、卵泡数量、卵巢最大血流速度(PSV)和卵巢阻力指数(RI)]的变化情况,并评价2组患者的疗效。【结果】(1)疗效方面:治疗6个月后,治疗组的总有效率为63.6%,对照组为39.4%,治疗组的疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)证候方面:治疗3个月后,治疗组在改善心烦失眠、潮热盗汗、咽干口燥方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05);而治疗6个月后,治疗组在改善咽干口燥、大便异常方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)月经方面:治疗3个月后,治疗组在改善月经周期和经质方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05);而治疗6个月后,治疗组在改善经量和痛经方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)彩超方面:治疗3个月后,治疗组在降低RI和增加PSV方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05);而治疗6个月后,治疗组在增加子宫内膜厚度方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(5)性激素水平方面:治疗3个月后,2组患者血清FSH、LH、E2、AMH水平差值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而治疗6个月后,治疗组在提高患者血清AMH水平方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】滋癸益经汤联合滋肾育胎丸治疗POF疗效确切,不仅能改善患者症状和月经情况,还可提高患者血清AMH水平,增加子宫内膜厚度,改善双侧卵巢血供,降低卵巢血流阻力。     

疏络化纤颗粒的质量标准研究

目的:建立疏络化纤颗粒的质量控制方法。方法:对制剂中的百合、灵芝、茜草、地龙、丹参采用薄层色谱(TLC)法进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对制剂中的疏络化纤颗粒所含成分芍药苷进行含量测定,以C18柱为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液(1486)为流动相,检测波长为230 nm。结果:用薄层鉴别百合、灵芝具有较好的专属性;在0.313~0.626μg范围内芍药苷与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r2=0.9999,回收率均在95%与105%之间,RSD小于5%(n=6)。结论:所建立的方法专属性强,简便准确,该制剂标准可有效控制其质量。