医学遗传学课程建设浅析

人类基因组计划和分子生物学所取得的巨大成就,使得医学遗传学已成为现代医学中发展最为迅猛、变化最为剧烈的领头学科,逐步融入医学科学的主流。教师必须掌握学科的前沿进展,注意其在临床疾病诊治中的应用,才能培养出高质量的医学生,以崭新的知识体系适应分子医学的时代。     

利用虚拟仿真技术开展侧颅底教学改革探讨

侧颅底位置深在,解剖关系复杂,传统手术死亡率高,曾被认为是手术禁区。近年来随着相关学科的发展,侧颅底外科的诊疗技术取得很大进步。文章介绍了在临床教学实践中引入虚拟仿真技术,进行教学改革,达到虚拟手术切除,显示重要器官结构相对毗邻关系的做法。     

生物化学实验教学改革的实践

调整验证性实验，建立并开设以生物分子为对象的综合性生物化学实验，围绕相关实验内容开展以“问题”为中心的实验教学讨论，配合自制的多媒体教材，结合自行设计生化实验等方式，在多个生化实验教学环节上，来锻炼中医药高级人才科学素养的基本功。     

广州中医药大学计算机基础教学改革思路

面对日新月异的计算机技术及信息时代的到来,医学院校的每一个学生都必须掌握计算机的基本技能。因而,我校计算机基础教学再也不能"以不变应万变",而必须体现现代教学理论,以提高医学生计算机应用能力和文化素质为出发点,为学生今后的学习和工作打好基础。作为一个一直在教学第一线的教师,笔者认为应从以下几个方面进行改革,以适应不断变化的形势需要。     

开展读书报告活动深化医学教学改革

在对八年制医学教育的教学改革中,本教研室连续2年开展读书报告活动。教师介绍读书报告的书写要求和方法,并教授学生文献检索和利用网络资源的技巧和方法,学生利用业余时间查阅文献、通过小组讨论明确读书报告的题目和研究方向,最终完成读书报告的撰写,该活动促进了学生多种能力的培养。     

传染病学教学必须适应新形势的需要

在传染病学教学实践中进行以下改革：将教学内容扩展到经典传染病以外,按照感染病学研究范畴授课,学科新进展及时纳入授课内容;在教学方法上采用丰富多彩的形式,不拘泥于传统教学方法;在考试形式上突出实际能力的考察;在教学手段上以多媒体幻灯为主.以上教学改革措施取得良好的教学效果.     

关于医疗卫生体制改革的认知差异性

卫生改革的顺利实施依赖于卫生系统内不同群体的合作,但是现有的文献表明,不同群体对于医疗卫生体制改革的认知存在较为明显的差异,影响卫生政策的实践效果.通过对文献的分析,对差异的程度进行定性分析;对认知差异的定量研究是未来研究需关注的领域.     

新医改背景下公立医院质量管理组织结构探讨

质量管理组织结构是医院质量管理体系有效运行的载体。通过浙江省21家三级甲等综合性医院质量组织机构设置、部门职能设计、质管人员工作现状等三个方面的调查与分析,发现单独设置质管职能部门与非单独设置质管职能部门的医院数大致相等,已设立的质管部门职能以病案管理、质量检查等常规传统内容为主,专职质管人员队伍在人员结构、个人能力、职业发展等方面存在困难与限制。提出新医改背景下独立设置质量职能部门是主要的改革方向。     

India's “tryst” with universal health coverage: Reflections on ethnography in Indian health policymaking

In 2011, India stood at the crossroads of potentially major health reform. A High Level Expert Group (HLEG) on universal health coverage (UHC), convened by the Indian Planning Commission, proposed major changes in the structure and functioning of the country's health system. This paper presents reflections on the role of ethnography in policy-based social change for health in India, drawing from year-long participation in the aforementioned policy development process. It theorizes that international discourses have been (re)appropriated in the Indian case by recourse to both experience and evidence, resulting in a plurality of concepts that could be prioritized for Indian health reform. This articulation involved HLEG members exerting para-ethnographic labour and paying close attention to context, suggesting that ethnographic sensibilities can reside within the interactive and knowledge production practices among experts oriented toward policy change.     

Effects of Welfare Reform on Children of Adolescent Mothers: Moderation by Maternal Depression,Father Involvement,and Grandmother Involvement

SUMMARY

There are few data available on how effects of welfare reform on children may differ for different kinds of families. This study examined the constructs of maternal depression, father involvement, and grandmother involvement as moderators of the effects of a welfare reform program on children. The sample included 1,602 children between the ages of 3 and 6 ½ whose mothers had participated in New Chance, a multi-site welfare-to-work program with an emphasis on human capital development (i.e., education, job training). Father and grandmother co-residence were investigated, in addition to perceived support from these family members, in predicting cognitive and behavioral child outcomes. The mediating roles of parenting stress and emotional support in parenting were also explored. Although main effects were found for the intervention and for maternal depression, no main effects were found for the family ecology variables. However, interactions suggested complex relationships among New Chance and the family characteristics for both the full sample and for Latina families. Results are discussed in terms of policy implications and possible future research.