花粉Ⅰ、Ⅱ号及复方花粉片对大鼠实验性高脂血症的影响

借助大白鼠实验性高胆固醇血症模型,以传统降血脂药物烟酸肌醇为对照,观察了花粉Ⅰ,Ⅱ号及复方花粉片对实验性高胆固醇血症的影响。结果表明,复方花粉片能抑制大鼠实验性高胆固醇血症。     

Premovement slow cortical potentials on self-paced hand movements and thalamocortical and corticocortical responses in the monkey

Chronically implanted electrodes on the surface and in the depth of the motor cortex in the monkey could record slowly increasing, surface negative-depth positive potentials that precede self-paced hand movements. Such premovement slow cortical potentials were interpreted to be composed mainly of currents due to excitatory postsynaptic potentials in superficial parts of the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons through certain thalamocortical projections. To test the interpretation, the same electrodes were utilized to record cerebellothalamocortical responses and corticocortical responses evoked by electrical stimulation of the cerebellar nucleus and of the cerebral cortex. These results were compared with the laminar field potentials of cerebellothalamocortical and corticocortical responses recorded with glass microelectrodes in acute experiments with monkeys. The present study revealed a similarity of the cortical depth profile of premovement slow cortical potentials to that of the dentatothalamocortical responses, and supported the interpretation.     

Mechanisms of CML hyporesponsiveness in long-term renal allograft recipients

Long-term, HLA disparate, renal allograft recipients were assessed by a dose-dependent CML (cell-mediated lympholysis) assay for evidence of donor-specific CML hyporesponsiveness. The frequency of cytolytic T-cell (CTL) precursors capable of responding to donor alloantigen was also examined by a limiting-dilution assay and application of Poisson distribution statistics. Four recipients were found to have depressed CML responses against donor class I HLA antigens (mean 2-5% specific lysis), whereas significant responses against third party targets were noted (15-60% specific lysis). These data are consistent with an antigen-specific defect in the recipient CTL effector mechanism. To determine whether or not this may be due to a deletion of anti-donor alloreactive cells, a sensitive limiting-dilution assay was developed in conjunction with Poisson distribution statistics to obtain the frequency of both anti-donor and anti-third party CTLp present in recipient PBLs. A simultaneous reduction in the number of alloreactive clones and the presence of an active suppressor population were defined, suggesting that several mechanisms may operate concurrently in long-term renal allograft recipients with well-functioning grafts.     

~（99m）Tc标记卵巢癌单抗的实验研究

用９９ｍＴｃ标记卵巢癌单抗，对标记方法、纯化手段、还原后抗体存放时间与标记率关系、标记物免疫活性以及用该标记物对荷瘤裸鼠放免显象进行探讨，提示９９ｍＴｃ标记卵巢癌单抗的可行性。     

小鼠高脂血症模型建立方法的改进

目的:改进小鼠高脂血症模型的建立方法。方法:对脂肪乳处方及配制方法进行改进,采用脂肪乳灌胃建立小鼠高脂血症模型,用酶比色法测定模型组与正常组血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)含量。结果:模型组小鼠死亡率低,与正常组相比较,TC和TG具有显著差异。结论:本造模方法成功率高,切实可行。     

3'-Azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine induced deficiency of thymidine kinases 1, 2 and deoxycytidine kinase in H9 T-lymphoid cells

Continuous cultivation of T-lymphoid H9 cells in the presence of 3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT) resulted in a cell variant cross-resistant to both thymidine and deoxycytidine analogs. Cytotoxic effects of AZT, 2′,3′-didehydro-3′-deoxythymidine as well as different deoxycytidine analogs such as 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine, 2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxycytidine (dFdC) and 1-ß-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C) were strongly reduced in H9 cells continuously exposed to AZT when compared to parental cells (>8.3-, >6.6-, >9.1-, 5×10⁴-, 5×10³-fold, respectively). Moreover, anti-HIV-1 effects of AZT, d4T, ddC and 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine (3TC) were significantly diminished (>222-, >25-, >400-, >200-fold, respectively) in AZT-resistant H9 cells. Study of cellular mechanisms responsible for cross-resistance to pyrimidine analogs in AZT-resistant H9 cells revealed decreased mRNA levels of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) and lack of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) mRNA expression. The loss of dCK gene expression was confirmed by western blot analysis of dCK protein as well as dCK enzyme activity assay. Moreover, enzyme activity of TK1 and TK2 was reduced in AZT-resistant cells. In order to determine whether lack of dCK affected the formation of the active triphosphate of the deoxycytidine analog dFdC, dFdCTP accumulation and retention was measured in H9 parental and AZT-resistant cells after exposure to 1 and 10 μM dFdC. Parental H9 cells accumulated about 30 and 100 pmol dFdCTP/10⁶ cells after 4 hr, whereas in AZT-resistant cells no dFdCTP accumulation was detected. These results demonstrate that continuous treatment of H9 cells in the presence of AZT selected for a thymidine analog resistant cell variant with cross-resistance to deoxycytidine analogs, due to deficiency in TK1, TK2, and dCK.     

补肾健脾养血活血方对女性血管性痴呆患者性激素和血脂水平的影响

目的：研究补肾健脾养血活血方对女性血管性痴呆（VD）患者血清雌二醇（E2）、睾酮（T）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平的影响。方法：选取女性VD患者31例,将其随机分为中药治疗组（治疗组）16例,西药对照组（对照组）15例,治疗组给予由补肾健脾养血活血方制成的复方胶囊制剂,对照组予以西药喜得镇治疗。两组患者均治疗1个月为1个疗程,连服3个疗程。同时选取20例正常人群作为正常组,进行疗效比较。结果：①治疗组有效9例,显效5例,总有效率为87.5%;对照组有效6例,显效4例,总有效率为62.5%。两组总有效率比较有显著性差异。30例女性VD患者与正常组比较,血清E2水平降低（P〈0.05）,TC、TG、LDL水平提高（P〈0.05）,两组间比较均有显著性差异。②治疗组E2、E2/T、TC、TG、HDL与本组治疗前比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,治疗后E2、T、E2/T、TC、TG、HDL与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：补肾健脾养血活血方可通过补肾调节性激素及血脂水平,对女性VD患者有一定疗效,是防治VD的有效方药。     

Therapeutic communities. Enhancing retention in treatment using "Senior Professor" staff

Evaluation research documents a firm relationship between retention and treatment outcomes among substance abusers in therapeutic communities (TCs). However, most admissions leave treatment prematurely, particularly in the first months after admission. This paper reports findings from a controlled study that assessed the efficacy of an intervention to reduce early dropout in a residential TC. In the “Senior Professor” (SP) intervention, the most experienced clinical and managerial staff in a TC program were utilized to conduct program induction seminars during the first weeks of admissions, traditionally the period of the highest rate of dropout. Rates of short-term retention (30 days of treatment) were compared for the experimental cohort (N=362), who received the intervention, and a cohort of admissions (N=243), who received standard or non-enhanced treatment. Findings showed that the SP intervention significantly reduced the likelihood of early dropout compared with controls. The enhanced effects are most evident for the new inductees with the lowest levels of motivation. Some theoretical and clinical implications are discussed as to the utilization of experienced staff to increase retention among new inductees with relatively lower motivational levels, who are at greatest risk for early dropout.