A training program to enhance recognition of depression in nursing homes,assisted living,and other long-term care settings: Description and evaluation

ABSTRACT

Low levels of symptom recognition by staff have been “gateway” barriers to the management of depression in long-term care. The study aims were to refine a depression training program for front-line staff in long-term care and provide evaluative knowledge outcome data. Three primary training modules provide an overview of depression symptoms; a review of causes and situational and environmental contributing factors; and communication strategies, medications, and clinical treatment strategies. McNemar’s chi-square tests and paired t-tests were used to examine change in knowledge. Data were analyzed for up to 143 staff members, the majority from nursing. Significant changes (p < .001) in knowledge were observed for all modules, with an average change of between 2 and 3 points. Evidence was provided that participants acquired desired information in the recognition, detection, and differential diagnosis and treatment strategies for those persons at significant risk for a depressive disorder.     

The ABC's of Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults

No abstract available for this article.     

A Group Randomized Intervention Trial Increases Participation in the School Breakfast Program in 16 Rural High Schools in Minnesota

BackgroundBreakfast consumption is associated with better diet quality and healthier weights, yet many adolescents miss breakfast. Nationally, 17.1% of students participate in the School Breakfast Program (SBP). Only 10% of high school students participate.ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate an environmental intervention to increase SBP participation in high schools.DesignA group randomized trial was carried out from 2012 to 2015.Participants/settingNinth- and 10th-grade students enrolled in 16 rural schools in Minnesota (median 387 students) were randomized to intervention or control condition.InterventionA school-based intervention that included two key components was implemented over a 12-month period. One component focused on increasing SBP participation by increasing student access to school breakfast through changes in school breakfast service practices (eg, serving breakfast from a grab-n-go cart in the atrium; expanding breakfast service times). The other component focused on promoting school breakfast through student-directed marketing campaigns.Main outcome measureChange in school-level participation in the SBP was assessed between baseline (among ninth and tenth graders) and follow-up (among tenth and eleventh graders). School meal and attendance records were used to assess change in school-level participation rates in the SBP.Statistical analysesThe Wilcoxon test was used for analysis of difference in change in mean SBP participation rate by experimental group.ResultsThe median change in SBP participation rate between baseline and follow-up was 3% (interquartile range=13.5%) among the eight schools in the intervention group and 0.5% (interquartile range=0.7%) among the eight schools in the control group. This difference in change between groups was statistically significant (Wilcoxon test, P=0.03). The intervention effect increased throughout the intervention period, with change in mean SBP participation rate by the end of the school year reaching 10.3% (95% CI 3.0 to 17.6). However, among the intervention schools, the change in mean SBP participation rates was highly variable (range=–0.8% to 24.8%).ConclusionsInterventions designed to improve access to the SBP by reducing environmental and social barriers have potential to increase participation among high school students.     

Could a national oral health promotion program improve the oral hygiene of persons attending special care establishments in France? Evaluation of a pilot program

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an oral health promotion intervention implemented in special care establishments by dentists trained online. Twenty‐six dentists intervening in 27 French special care establishments undertook a standardised oral health promotion intervention, including a conference presentation for care staff and hands‐on toothbrushing workshops. Oral hygiene status of the residents was performed at baseline and at 6 months, and were compared using the McNemar test. Mixed logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with an improvement of dental plaque removal. The oral health intervention was completed by 890 residents: 445 children, 373 adults and 72 elderly adults. At baseline, dental plaque was observed for 79.8% of the 797 dentate residents. Among the 691 dentate residents included in the final analysis, dental plaque removal was improved for 34%. Improvement in dental plaque removal was recorded more often for the group of 13 to 20‐year‐old residents (OR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.15–3.38). The results indicate that this programme failed to significantly improve the dental plaque removal of the residents. More research is needed to understand the limiting factors of such interventions.     

404例梅毒患者发病情况分析

目的回顾性分析2010~2015年404例梅毒患者的发病特点,以探讨近年来梅毒发病率居高不下的相关原因。方法将404例梅毒患者按发病年度、发病年龄及临床分期进行分类,探讨其临床表现及特征,总结各期诊断和治疗上的薄弱环节。结果整体发病比率呈逐年上升趋势,除Ⅰ期梅毒为男女,Ⅱ期梅毒和潜伏梅毒均男女,总发病情况男女比例为1∶1.04。患病年龄:性活跃人群288例,占71.29%,60岁以上老年人107例,占26.49%。传播途径及职业:非婚性接触传染仍为主要传播途径,通过男男性行为感染的传播方式也不容忽视;职业分布以农牧民及无业人员为主,占73.51%。教育程度:梅毒患者的受教育程度普遍较低,可能与普遍缺乏对健康知识的了解和性传播疾病的认识有关。结论通过对本地区404例梅毒的发病情况分析,其传播途径以非婚性接触为主;需要加强对老年人性传播疾病的防控,且防控工作重点应向农村牧区转移。     

Development of Occupational Therapy in a Homeless Shelter

SUMMARY

This paper describes a program which provides occupational therapy services to a population of homeless individuals residing in an emergency shelter in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. Principles of community-built practice were combined with the use of the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance to provide the theoretical approach for the program. A needs assessment was done and the programming developed and implemented based on identified needs is described. Outcomes and recommendations for the future are discussed.     

宫颈癌合并梅毒螺旋体抗体阳性患者的临床分析与护理

目的 总结宫颈癌患者合并梅毒护理过程中的经验和体会.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月 -2011年12月我院妇瘤外科收治的宫颈癌合并梅毒住院患者34例.结果 我科住院拟手术治疗患者宫颈癌329例中 ,梅毒螺旋体抗体阳性者共34例.结论 宫颈癌患者合并梅毒为常见病 ,有效的护理干预提高了宫颈癌合并梅毒感染患者的生活质量 ,规范了临床工作的流程及降低了医护人员职业暴露的发生率.