武警部队医学生心理健康状况调查

目的　了解武警部队医学生心理健康状况 ,探讨增进武警部队学员心理健康的对策。方法　采用症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )为工具 ,对随机抽取的 312名武警医学生进行心理健康状况测试。结果　武警医学生SCL - 90各项因子分普遍低于武警军人组和国内常模青年组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;总均分 1.39± 0 .34,低于武警军人组 (1.4 7± 0 .4 2 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　武警医学生心理健康状况优于武警军人和国内常模青年组。但仍存在问题 ,部队教育工作者应根据武警院校学员特点 ,积极开展心理卫生教育 ,以提高军校学员整体心理素质     

Performance of children on symptom validity tests: TOMM, MSVT, and FIT

Symptom validity testing is a major topic in the field of neuropsychological research, but until now, few studies focus on effort testing in children. Three symptom validity tests (SVTs), the Medical Symptom Validity Test, the Test of Memory Malingering, and the Fifteen Item Test plus several standard neuropsychological tests were administered to 73 German-language school children from 6 to 11 years.Participants were either instructed to give full effort or to follow a malingering scenario. It could be demonstrated that, except for one child, all participants with a basic reading level of grade 2 were able to pass all administered SVTs according to established cutoffs for poor effort (i.e., earned a score higher than the cutoff). For the experimental malingerers, however, it was fairly difficult to act according to the scenario throughout the session. While they scored worse in the neuropsychological tests, all but one of them failed at least one SVT. The results support the use of SVTs in childhood age. More elaborate experimental designs and studies with bona-fide patients and suspected malingerers are needed in order to evaluate both the appropriateness of available effort tests and the capabilities of children to fake poor performance.     

Psychological reactions in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis

We report the interaction of RA and psychological factors over 2 years in a group of 89 patients with newly established disease. Short-time outcome regarding physical features was fairly good. Disease activity decreased, and disability evaluated by HAQ remained at a low level. Psychological distress as measured by the depression and anxiety subscales of SCL 90 (Symptom Check List) was not very pronounced and not related to disease state factors. A slight decrease of anxiety was recorded after 2 years. A new adjustment test was applied. It contained 13 items focused mainly on negative illness effects such as loss of independence, feelings of guilt, and change of social and leisure time activities. Three factors (regret of lost life values, dysphoric mood, and acceptance) explained 48% of the variance of the 13 items. The validity of the test was acceptable. The patients' degree of adjustment changed slowly or not at all during the 2 years.     

Leber遗传性视神经病变24例临床分析

回顾分析了 2 4例 ( 4 8眼 )Leber遗传性视神经病变的临床特征。患者年龄从 1 2岁到 44岁 ,平均 ( 2 0 3± 7 2 )岁 ,男性占 83%。发病典型者多为 1眼无痛性视力下降。视力下降程度从眼前手动到 1 2 ,其中 40眼 ( 83% )≤ 0 1。视野缺损主要为中心暗点或旁中心暗点 ,色觉障碍严重。本组部分病例发病早期有特征性眼底改变 ,包括视盘明显充血 ,视盘周围小血管扩张迂曲 ,神经纤维层水肿。眼底荧光血管造影视盘及盘缘血管无荧光素渗漏。     

关于中医辛润法的理论思考

探讨辛润源流,剖析辛味药物,指出辛味药在整体上不具备润养功效,不应与能散、能行相提并论。若把辛润理解为个别药物的润养作用,有失辛润之旨,更无法选药组方应用于临床。因此,当把辛润立之为法,即辛润法。燥证的发病机制,是外燥邪气、痰饮瘀血、气郁邪阻而致津血运行输布障碍,形体失却濡养。辛润机制,赖其辛味行散之功,宣肺祛邪,散饮化瘀,行气除滞,疏通腠理,布津行血而实现     

不同治疗方法对转移性脑肿瘤疗效的对比分析

目的：研究不同治疗方法对改善转移性脑肿瘤临床症状及其预后的疗效,探讨转移性脑肿瘤合理有效的治疗方案。方法：对1995年1月～1997年12月收治的218例转移性脑肿瘤患者进行前瞻性研究,分析评价不同治疗方法对缓解临床症状、改善预后以及延长生存时间的作用和疗效。结果:伽玛刀治疗组病灶完全消失率为34.2％,明显高于其它各组。伽玛刀组、介入化疗组,放疗组的临床症状好转或消失率分别为71.1％、85．7％、64．1％,一年生存率分别为20％、76％、63％。介入化疗组的病灶局部控制率达100％。影像学检查显示颅内转移灶获得良好局部控制的患者临床症状大多好转或消失。结论:伽玛刀能使颅内转移瘤迅速缩小或消失,术后予以全脑放疗或介入化疗能有效地预防转移瘤的复发,缓解临床症状,延长患者的生存时间。     

性病后非病原体性症状的临床分析

目的了解性病后非病原体性症状的性质特点。方法采用临床会谈、心理咨询、SCL—90、SAS、SOS等相关量表调查测评。结果纳入分析病人134例，首诊均作实验室检查培养，病原体检出率为零，体格检查无器质性病变，符合非病原体性症状诊断。结论此类“症状”实质上是患者因患性病导致心理障碍面出现的综合症，而“症状”并无器质性及病原体因素，医务人员应更新观念，提高自身素质解除患者心理障碍。     

建筑工地外来务工人员心理卫生状况调查

目的 :了解建筑工地外来务工人员的心理卫生状况 ,为预防心理疾病 ,增进身心健康提供依据。方法 :采用症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )对建筑工地外来务工人员 5 18人的心理卫生状况进行评价。结果 :9个因子分与中国常模比较差异均有显著性 (P<0 .0 1) ,且各年龄组与中国常模比较差异也有显著性 ,均低于常模 ;各因子分在不同年岭 ,不同文化的建筑工地外来务工人员间比较差异无显著性。研究还发现做事“必须反复检查”、“必须反复洗手、点数目或触摸某些东西”、“做事必须做得很慢以保证做得正确”等强迫症状是建筑工地外来务工人员中较常见的阳性项目。结论 :建筑工地外来务工人员强迫症状发生频率较其它症状高 ,应加强其心理卫生教育     

Clinical observations on electroacupuncture treatment of unstable bladder

目的:对电针治疗不稳定膀胱进行临床疗效评价.方法:将患者随机分为电针组和对照组,根据治疗前后临床症状积分和生活质量评分的改善情况进行疗效评价.结果:观察指标两组治疗后均较治疗前显著降低(P＜0.05),两组间比较临床症状积分无显著性差异(P＞0.05);生活质量评分电针组较手法组下降明显(P＜0.05).结论:两种治疗方法对不稳定膀胱均有改善,其中电针组生活质量满意度要优于手法组,临床症状积分有低于手法组的趋势.