Sports injuries of the hip

With the increasing emphasis on physical activity and physical fitness, the human body is being subjected to an increasing number of stresses, leading to a variety of injuries to the musculoskeletal system. These may be the result of direct trauma to the soft tissues or bony skeleton or may be seen as the result of continued subclinical trauma and stresses (fatigue fractures), or the effects of forceful contraction of muscles (avulsion injuries). Since much of the physical activity involves the lower limbs, stresses on or around the hip are producing, in ever-increasing numbers, sports-related injuries of which the physician and radiologist should be aware. This article explores a variety of sports-related injuries around the hip and identifies the various methods of investigation that may be used in their diagnosis as well as their characteristic radiographic appearance.     

血尿乳酸水平相关性的研究

血乳酸测定是对运动员体内糖的无氧代谢水平评定的重要指标。本文设计了一种简单快速准确的测定乳酸的酶法。比较了27名运动员运动前后的血尿乳酸水平,结果表明尿乳酸分析同样可作为评定运动员的无氧能力、疲劳程度和训练强度的客观指标。     

Electromechanical delay of the knee extensor muscles is not altered after harvesting the patellar tendon as a graft for ACL reconstruction: implications for sports performance

Although the scar tissue, which heals the donor site defect, has different elasticity from the neighbouring patellar tissue, it remains unclear if this scar tissue can lead to the changes of the electromechanical delay (EMD) of the knee extensor muscles. If such changes do exist, they can possibly affect both the utilization of the stored energy in the series elastic component, as well as the optimal performance of the knee joint movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of harvesting the patellar tendon during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and the associated patellar tendon scar tissue development on the EMD of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles. Seventeen patients who underwent an ACL reconstruction using the medial third of the patellar tendon were divided in two groups based upon their post-operative time interval. Maximal voluntary contraction from the knee extensors, surface EMG activity, and ultrasonographic measurements of the patellar tendon cross-section area were obtained from both knees. Our results revealed that no significant changes for the maximal voluntary contraction of the knee extensors and for the EMD of the RF and the VM muscles due to patellar scar tissue development after harvesting the tendon for ACL reconstruction. The EMD, as a component of the stretch reflex, is important for the utilization of the stored energy in the series elastic component and thus, optimal sports performance. However, from our results, it can be implied that the ACL reconstruction using a patellar tendon graft would not impair sports performance as far as EMD is concerned.     

医科大学生热能需要量探讨

为探讨我国八十年代医科大学生热能需要量,选择宁夏医学院三、四年级男女生为对象,采用一日活动记录法及膳食称重法计算其每日热能消耗量与热能摄入量。结果发现男生摄入量与消耗量基本平衡,介于我国成年男子中、轻体力劳动供能标准2,600～3,000千卡之间,符合我国营养学界公认看法。女生耗能略低于成年女子轻体力劳动供能标准2,400千卡,而摄入热能明显低于一日活动耗能。身高体重测量结果,女生体重均值属正常范围偏低。女生热能摄入不足的主要原因是主食摄入过少;分析一日活动内容,女生体育活动时间明显少于男生,这也是其热能消耗较低的重要原因,若每日能有30min以上体育活动,将有效地提高热能消耗与促进热能摄入,增进健康。     

The spectrum of MR imaging in athletic pubalgia

Many athletes struggle with groin pain for years without ever receiving a clear diagnosis or being offered an effective treatment plan. Confusion among treatment providers can also frequently lead to suboptimal surgeries for presumed hernias or nerve entrapment syndromes. Imaging, and in particular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, should play a primary role in the workup, diagnosis, and treatment of athletic pubalgia. This review outlines standard of care, cutting-edge MR imaging techniques for athletic pubalgia, and reviews the spectrum of imaging findings that are encountered in this patient group.     

A Capacity Building Approach to Increase Sports Participation in Disadvantaged Urban Communities: A Multilevel Analysis

Recent evidence showed that community capacity building is one of the key methods to reach health improvements within disadvantaged communities. Physical activity and sports participation are important means to reach health improvements. This study investigates a capacity building method which aims at increasing sports participation in the community, especially for individuals at higher risk of sports deprivation. The main aims of the present study, are the following: (1) to examine differences in sports participation between individuals living in communities implementing a sports-based capacity building program and individuals living in communities without such capacity building program and (2) to investigate if the community sports program reaches the individuals known to experience higher barriers to engage in sports. In Flanders, Belgium, five disadvantaged urban communities implementing the community capacity building program (program communities) and four without (control communities) were selected based on similarity of sociodemographic and environmental characteristics. Two hundred adults (aged 18–56 years) per community were randomly selected and visited at home to fill out a questionnaire on sociodemographics, sports participation, and the community sports program. A sample of 414 adults participated in the study. Results showed that adults from program communities reported on average 96 min/week more participation in sports than their counterparts living in control communities. Furthermore, 61.3 % of the individuals of program communities indicated to engage in sports, whereas in control communities, this was only 42.4 %. Respondents at higher risk of sports deprivation also engaged in significantly more sports participation in program communities than those in control communities. This difference was also noted for groups that are not related with sports deprivation. These results are promising and plead for a community capacity building approach to increase sports participation in disadvantaged communities.