大豆卵磷脂对大鼠调节血脂作用的实验研究

目的研究大豆卵磷脂对大鼠调节血脂的作用。方法将雄性SD大白鼠根据TC水平随机分为空白对照组、高脂模型对照组和大豆卵磷脂低、中、高3个剂量组,剂量组给予高脂饲料和不同剂量的受试物。45 d后取血,测血清TC、TG、HDL-C三项指标。结果0.67 g/kg BW、2.00 g/kg BW剂量组的大豆卵磷脂能使大鼠血清中TC、TG降低,与高脂模型对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大豆卵磷脂对大鼠具有降血脂作用。     

大豆蛋白与动物蛋白对糖尿病肾病患者肾功能影响的Meta分析

目的通过Meta分析评价大豆蛋白与动物蛋白对糖尿病肾病患者肾功能的不同影响,为临床实践提供参考。方法收集1980年1月—2011年11月间公开发表的关于糖尿病肾病摄取大豆蛋白和动物蛋白的研究文献,应用RevMan5．0录入相应资料,对相关肾脏指标进行Meta分析。结果共有5篇文献纳入研究,对相关指标进行异质性检验,根据结果分别采用随机效应模型或固定效应模型,Meta分析结果显示：大豆蛋白与动物蛋白相比,可以改善内生肌酐清除率[WMD=-11．51,95％ci（-16．37,6．65）,P〈0．05]、蛋白尿[WMD=-0．96,95％c1（-1．36,-0．58）,P〈0．05]、尿肌酐[WMD=-1．11,95％CI（-1．91,-0．30）,P〈0．05],而对肾小球滤过率[WMD=0．28,95％CI（-0．12,0．68）,P〉0．05]、血清尿素氮[WMD=-0．20,95％CI（-0．60,0．19）,P〉0．05]、血清肌酐[WMD=-0．22,95％CI（-0．54,0．10）,P〉0．05]的影响差异无统计学意义。结论大豆蛋白与动物蛋白相比,在改善肾脏尿液内生肌酐清除率、尿肌酐、蛋白尿等方面具有一定优势,而在肾小球滤过率方面逊于动物蛋白。     

围绝经期综合征中西医临床研究进展

本综述回顾了围绝经期综合征的中医西医病因病机、治疗现状,并展望了该病的可能研究方向。特殊的身体时期下丘脑一垂体一卵巢这个内分泌轴发生变化,导致一系列植物神经紊乱为主的症状。中医认为本病肾虚为本,同时肝气郁结、痰瘀内生等密切相关。西医治疗以激素替代疗法为主,大豆异黄酮治疗以及心理治疗也取得一定的研究进展。中医以辨证治疗为主,专方专药、针灸疗法也广泛应用于临床。中医治疗可能有一定的治疗效果,但是低质量的随机对照研究充斥,尚无充分的循证医学证据肯定其疗效。严格的中药治疗围绝经期综合征的随机双盲对照试验是未来的研究重点。     

Effects of parenteral soybean oil lipid emulsion on the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profile in very-low-birth-weight infants

Aim: Conventional soybean lipid emulsions contain no docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or arachidonic acid (AA). We investigated the relationship between blood DHA and AA status in 27 very‐low‐birth‐weight (VLBW) infants with or without parenteral lipid emulsion. Methods: Sixteen infants received parenteral lipid emulsion, and 11 infants were control group. The fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane was analysed at birth and at 2 weeks of age. Results: No significant difference in AA levels was observed in the lipid emulsion group between the two time points, whereas the AA levels at 2 weeks were significantly lower than at birth in the control group. The DHA levels in both groups at 2 weeks were significantly lower than at birth, but no group differences were observed at both time points. Conclusion: The use of parenteral soybean oil lipid emulsions in VLBW infants in the postnatal period may prevent the decline in the AA level but does not appear to influence the DHA level.     

Synergistic Effects of High-dose Soybean Intake with Iodine Deficiency, but Not Sulfadimethoxine or Phenobarbital, on Rat Thyroid Proliferation

The specificity and dose dependence of the synergistic effects of soybean intake with iodine deficiency on the induction of thyroid proliferation were investigated in female F344 rats. In the first experiment, rats were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 annuals, and fed a basal diet containing 20% gluten, an iodine-deficient basal diet alone or an iodine-deficient diet containing 0.2%, 1.0%, 5.0% or 25% defatted soybean for 5 weeks. Soybean feeding synergistically induced thyroid hyperplasias with iodine deficiency only at the 25% dose. In the second experiment, rats were also divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 animals, and fed a basal diet, a diet containing 20% defatted soybean, 0.025% Sulfadimethoxine (SDM), 20% defatted soybean+0.025% SDM, 0.05% phenobarbital (PB) or 20% defatted soybean+0.05% PB for 5 weeks. The SDM treatments significantly (P<0.05-0.01) increased the thyroid weights, but this increase rate was less prominent in the SDM+soybean group than in the SDM alone group. The PB treatment was also associated with a tendency for increase in thyroid weight, but again this was smaller in the PB+soybean group than in the PB alone group. Although the SDM or PB treatments reduced the serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels and consequently increased the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, the soybean feeding did not affect or rather attenuated these changes. Our results clearly indicate that soybean feeding does not synergistically enhance the effects of SDM or PB on the rat thyroid. Thus it can be concluded that soybean intake specifically interacts with iodine deficiency in induction of thyroid proliferative lesions in rats, only at high doses.     

Decades of Genetic Research on Soybean mosaic virus Resistance in Soybean

This review summarizes the history and current state of the known genetic basis for soybean resistance to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), and examines how the integration of molecular markers has been utilized in breeding for crop improvement. SVM causes yield loss and seed quality reduction in soybean based on the SMV strain and the host genotype. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of SMV–soybean interactions and the genes conferring resistance to SMV has been a focus of intense research interest for decades. Soybean reactions are classified into three main responses: resistant, necrotic, or susceptible. Significant progress has been achieved that has greatly increased the understanding of soybean germplasm diversity, differential reactions to SMV strains, genotype–strain interactions, genes/alleles conferring specific reactions, and interactions among resistance genes and alleles. Many studies that aimed to uncover the physical position of resistance genes have been published in recent decades, collectively proposing different candidate genes. The studies on SMV resistance loci revealed that the resistance genes are mainly distributed on three chromosomes. Resistance has been pyramided in various combinations for durable resistance to SMV strains. The causative genes are still elusive despite early successes in identifying resistance alleles in soybean; however, a gene at the Rsv4 locus has been well validated.     

运动和高脂肪饮食对大鼠体重和代谢的比较研究

目的对比研究运动和不同高脂肪饮食对大鼠体重和代谢的作用.方法选用幼鼠给予鱼油、棕榈油、大豆油制成的高脂肪饮食,饲养9个月随机分为两组：静坐组和运动组.运动组大鼠持续6周游泳训练,最后一次训练结束24 h后猝死动物,观察体重、胰岛素、血糖、I/G比值和瘦素水平.结果高脂肪大豆饮食大鼠的体重和胰岛素抵抗增加较其他油类饮食的大鼠明显.高脂肪鱼油饮食大鼠体重和胰岛素敏感性与低脂肪饮食的大鼠没有显著差异.结论大豆油、棕榈油的高脂饮食和运动在减少血胰岛素、甘油三酯和瘦素水平,改善胰岛素敏感性中发挥有益的作用.     

大豆光敏不育系88-428的小孢子和花粉发育的细胞学观察

以普通栽种黄圆豆为对照,对作为保持系88-428的花粉发育全过程及其药壁组织的情况进行了系统的研究.结果表明：①可将这一过程划分为7个时期,即小孢子母细胞形成期、小孢子母细胞减数分裂期、单核早期、单核中期、单核晚期、二胞花粉早期、二胞花粉晚期;②作为保持系的88-428与黄圆豆相比,存有较高的败育率,表现为低不育.     

安妥明对高胆固醇血症大鼠血脂、LCAT及过氧化酯质的影响

本实验探讨安妥明对实验性高胆固醇血症大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的影响。实验结果表明安妥明除具有已知的降低血清T—C、LDL—C和VLDL—C作用外,还可明显升高高胆固醇血症大鼠的血清HDL—C水平和LCAT活性,同时能明显降低血清及肝脏IPO的形成。进一步观察表明,安妥明对高密度脂蛋白亚组份的作用是使HDL_2-C升高,而对HDL_3-C无明显影响。     

大豆提取物抗氧化作用研究

目的:观察大豆提取物对12月龄大鼠抗氧化系统作用的影响.方法:选用SD雄性健康12月龄大鼠,随机分成空白对照组和低、中、高剂量4组.空白对照组给予无菌水,实验组每日分别灌服32、63、190 mg/kg剂量的大豆提取物,连续35 d.第36 d经眼眶取血,测定血清过氧化脂质丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、肝组织中脂褐质含量.结果:与空白对照组比较,中、高剂量组大鼠血清MDA含量、肝脏中脂褐质含量显著降低,高剂量组血清SOD活力升高.结论:大豆提取物具有明显的抗氧化作用.