大豆异黄酮对骨质疏松大鼠股骨缺损成骨效能的研究

目的探讨大豆异黄酮对脱矿冻干骨颗粒植入骨质疏松大鼠股骨缺损后的成骨效能。方法制备脱矿冻干骨颗粒。20只雌性SD大鼠行双侧卵巢切除术建立骨质疏松大鼠模型,1个月后制备股骨骨缺损并植入脱矿冻干骨颗粒。实验组采用大豆异黄酮生理盐水混悬液灌胃（100mg／kg）,对照组采用单纯生理盐水灌胃。术后8周取标本,通过不脱钙组织磨片、四环素荧光示踪等方法对2组成骨效能进行比较。结果实验组和对照组的骨缺损内均有新骨形成,与对照组相比,实验组新生骨形成活跃,骨小梁分布广泛,交联密切,新骨矿化情况较好。结论大豆异黄酮可以提高脱矿冻干骨的局部成骨效能。     

Cytoplasmic inclusion cistron of Soybean mosaic virus serves as a virulence determinant on Rsv3-genotype soybean and a symptom determinant

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV; Potyvirus, Potyviridae) is one of the most widespread viruses of soybean globally. Three dominant resistance genes (Rsv1, Rsv3 and Rsv4) differentially confer resistance against SMV. Rsv1 confers extreme resistance and the resistance mechanism of Rsv4 is associated with late susceptibility. Here, we show that Rsv3 restricts the accumulation of SMV strain G7 to the inoculated leaves, whereas, SMV-N, an isolate of SMV strain G2, establishes systemic infection. This observation suggests that the resistance mechanism of Rsv3 differs phenotypically from those of Rsv1 and Rsv4. To identify virulence determinant(s) of SMV on an Rsv3-genotype soybean, chimeras were constructed by exchanging fragments between avirulent SMV-G7 and the virulent SMV-N. Analyses of the chimeras showed that both the N- and C-terminal regions of the cytoplasmic inclusion (CI) cistron are required for Rsv3-mediated resistance. Interestingly, the N-terminal region of CI is also involved in severe symptom induction in soybean.     

外消旋雌马酚及其对映异构体的肿瘤预防研究进展

雌马酚是黄豆苷元的代谢产物,是大豆异黄酮及其代谢产物中抗氧化活性最强的一种,有 2 种对映异构体。 大豆异黄酮的抗肿瘤效应取决于其代谢产物雌马酚。 但雌马酚及其对映异构体对各类肿瘤的预防效应尚不统一、其背后的机制还不明确。 对雌马酚和肿瘤结局的观察性研究提示,饮食习惯(大豆的摄入量)、雌马酚表型和种族可能是影响结局异同的主要原因。 获得足够量 S 型和 R 型雌马酚致癌作用的动物研究和直接解决雌马酚对映异构体对肿瘤风险中间生物标志物影响的人类干预研究可能有助于进一步确定雌马酚生产者的影响表型和雌马酚本身的作用机制。 但可以肯定的是,大豆异黄酮的代谢产物雌马酚,具有比前体物更高的抗肿瘤活性、抗肿瘤靶点广、毒性低,在保护人类健康和预防疾病方面有不容小觑的作用。 后续的研究要进一步探索不同种族、雌马酚不同表型及不同剂量等因素对肿瘤发生风险的影响,为雌马酚的合理应用提供依据。     

The effects of soybean agglutinin binding on the corneal endothelium and the re-establishment of an intact monolayer following injury - A short review

This short review summarizes the localization and effects of the plant lectin soybean agglutinin (SBA) on the injured and non-injured organ-cultured rat corneal endothelium. Although the tissue exists as a non-cycling monolayer on the posterior corneal surface a circular freeze injury promotes wound repair as cells initiate DNA synthesis, mitosis and migration. As a result, by 24 h post-injury, endothelial cells express a surface protein that binds SBA in a diffuse punctate pattern, which by 48 h after injury, becomes confined to the cell periphery. As healing proceeds, SBA binding dramatically declines, such that, only scattered binding is observed by 72 h after wounding. In non-injured organ-cultured endothelia, weak SBA binding appears 24 h after explanation but becomes prominently detected around the cell periphery by 48 h. Incubating injured or non-injured endothelia in SBA leads to alterations in their cellular appearance due to the fact that lectin exposure results in the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Although this does not affect migration, treatment with either SBA or N-acetylgalactosamine (the SBA binding sugar) does interfere with the reestablishment of cell-cell contact. It is postulated that the surface protein that binds SBA is expressed during conditions that are stressful to the tissue. During organ-culture the protein's appearance suggests a cellular response to explantation in order to enhance or maintain monolayer integrity. In wound repair its appearance may serve to establish preliminary cell-cell contact during the restoration of the endothelial monolayer.     

Small interspersed sequences that serve as recombination sites at the cox2 and atp6 loci in the mitochondrial genome of soybean are widely distributed in higher plants

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragments that contain cox2 and atp6 were cloned from a wild soybean (Glycine soja, accession `B09002') and from a cultivated soybean (G. max, `Harosoy'). Comparison of these DNAs revealed that two sets of repeated sequences, namely, 299 bp and 23 bp, were present in the 5′ regions of cox2 and atp6. The 299-bp and 23-bp repeats were present close to each other on the 5′ flanking region and the 5′ part of the coding region of cox2 in both `Harosoy' and `B09002', as well as on the 5′ flanking region of atp6 in `Harosoy', while these two repeats were separated by a 706-bp nucleotide sequence that contained a truncated sequence of nad3 at the 5′ flanking region of atp6 in `B09002'. The mtDNA configurations upstream from atp6 and cox2 found in `Harosoy' appeared to have been generated from configurations of cox2 and atp6 found in `B09002' via recombination across the 299-bp or 23-bp repeated sequences, or vice versa, in the mitochondrial genome of the hypothetical progenitor of these plants. The 299-bp sequence was found to be interspersed in the mitochondrial genome. Eight loci were identified that include mtDNA configurations that are inter-convertible with each other via recombination across this sequence in `B09002'. Various loci on the mitochondrial genomes of higher plants that harbor segments of the 299-bp repeats in Glycine were identified. Received: 16 August / 15 December 1997     

大豆异黄酮对去势大鼠生长发育及骨代谢的影响

目的探讨植物雌激素大豆异黄酮对模拟妇女绝经的去卵巢大鼠生长发育、血液生化指标、骨营养状况及子宫增生的影响及作用机制。方法4月龄雌性SD大鼠腹腔假手术或切除双侧卵巢，分为假手术组（Sham）、去卵巢对照组（Ovx）和3个大豆异黄酮刺量组。用自行配制的舍有不同荆量大豆异黄酮的饲料喂养7周，实验期间记录各组大鼠的体重和摄食量，并计算食物利用率。实验结束后测定大鼠血清生化指标、股骨密度、骨钙含量，同时对子官进行病理组织学观察。结果大豆异黄酮能明显有效地减少骨量的丢失，增强骨密度，对骨钙含量也有增加的趋势；但短期内对去卵巢大鼠的体重、摄食量、食物利用率和血液尘化指标无影响，对子宫的增生作用也不明显。结论大豆异黄酮能够增加去势大鼠的骨密度，可有效防治卵巢切除大鼠的骨量丢失，具有类雌激素样作用，但对子宫的增生作用不明显，因此用于绝经后的骨质疏松治疗有较好的安全性。     

基于“一气周流”理论探讨内伤发热

中土平和是气机升降有序的关键,脾胃调和,则痰湿无以生,气血充沛,肝木不郁,肾水得滋,则内伤发热可愈.黄元御提出“一气周流”理论,健脾和胃善用黄芽汤,肝气升发无力加桂枝、牡丹皮以疏肝,肺气不降则加陈皮、杏仁以理肺.内伤发热为肝郁所致者,应当健脾、疏肝、温肾并举,治以疏肝调畅气机,同时健脾益肾,采用柴胡芍药汤加减,肝肾功能...     

深黄被孢霉△^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的原核表达和转基因植株再生研究

目的通过农杆菌介导法将来源于深黄被孢霉的△^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶（IND）基因导入到东北大豆绥农10和吉林47中,最终获得转基因植株。方法利用子叶节外植体诱导出丛生芽和再生植株,利用卡那霉素的抗性筛选培养基连续筛选以及PCR方法、DNA分子杂交分析和GC分析检测转基因植株中的△^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因表达状况。结果经过含50mg／L卡那霉素的抗性筛选培养基连续筛选,获得了一批转基因植株。经PCR检测和DNA分子杂交分析,初步证明△^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因已导入并整合到大豆基因组中。将转基因大豆T1代和T2代种子进行脂肪酸GC分析,结果在大豆种子中检测到△^6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的产物GLA,证明该基因在大豆中得到了表达。     

豆类及其制品与中国女性乳腺癌关系的Meta分析

目的：综合评价豆类及豆制品摄入是否为乳腺癌的保护因素,为人群乳腺癌一级预防提供科学依据。方法：收集我国1994—2008年间有关豆类及豆制品摄入和乳腺癌关系的研究文献。应用Cochrane协作网制作和保存系统评价的专用分析软件RevMan4．2进行Meta分析。结果：纳入本次Meta分析的文献共6篇,其中4篇为中国学位论文。异质性检验结果：Q=114．56,P〈0．00001,采用随机效应模型进行合并,合并OR=0．74,95％CI（0．55,1．00）,Z=1．99,P=0．05,按检验水准0．05,结果有统计学意义。结论：提示经常摄入豆类及其制品是乳腺癌的保护因素,建议妇女每天摄入豆类食品如豆腐,能有效预防乳腺癌的发生。