Clinical characteristics of 312 hospitalized older patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan,China

ObjectivesMuch of the previous research on COVID-19 was based on all population. But substantial numbers of severe episodes occur in older patients. There is a lack of data about COVID-19 in older adults. The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical characteristics of older adult patients with COVID-19.MethodsRetrospective study of older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from February 1 st to March 31 st, 2020 was conducted in the Sino-French New City Branch of Tongjing Hospital in Wuhan, China. According to the degree of severity of COVID-19 during hospitalization, 312 older patients were divided into non-severe and severe cases.Resultsthe mean age of the patients was 69.2 ± 7.3 years, and 47.4 % of patients had exposure history. 77.2 % of patients had a co-morbidity, with hypertension being the most common (57.1 %), followed by diabetes (38.8 %) and cardiovascular disease (29.8 %). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of severe COVID-19 associated with age(OR 1.59, 95 %CI 1.13−2.08), SOFA score(OR 5.89, 95 %CI 3.48−7.96), APACHEⅡ score(OR 3.13, 95 %CI 1.85−5.62), platelet count＜125 × 10⁹/L(OR 2.36, 95 %CI 1.03−4.14), d-dimer (OR 4.37, 95 %CI 2.58−7.16), creatinine＞133 μmol/L(OR 1.85, 95 %CI 1.12−3.04), interleukin-6(OR 4.32, 95 %CI 2.07−7.13), and lung consolidation(OR 1.94, 95 %CI 1.45−4.27) on admission. The most common complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome (35.6 %), followed by acute cardiac injury (33.0 %) and coagulation disorders (30.8 %). 91.7 % of patients were prescribed antiviral therapy, followed by immune globulin (52.9 %) and systemic glucocorticoids (43.6 %). 21.8 % of patients received invasive ventilation, 1.92 % for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The overall mortality was 6.73 %, and mortality of severe patients was 17.1 %, which was higher than non-severe patients (0.962 %).ConclusionsOlder patients with COVID-19 had much more co-morbidity, complications and mortality. More attention should be paid to older patients with COVID-19.     

microRNA在急性胰腺炎患者外周血中表达的意义

目的 通过检测血清microRNA变化,预判急性胰腺炎的病情严重度并探讨影响经皮置管引流(PCD)治疗的因素.方法 回顾性分析2013年10月至2014年3月成都军区总医院收治的120例急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料并采集其外周血,35例急性重度胰腺炎(SAP)、急性中重度胰腺炎(MSAP)为A组,85例急性轻度胰腺炎(MAP)为B组.对所有患者进行APACHE Ⅱ、Reason、BISAP评分,用实时定量PCR法进行定量检测患者血清中miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平,比较两组之间的4种microRNA表达差异以及与评分系统间的相关性,并分析影响PCD治疗的因素.计量资料采用t检验,变量间关系采用直线相关分析.单因素和多因素分析采用Logistic回归.结果 (1)APACHEⅡ、RANSON、BISAP评分:A组分别为(8.28±0.61)分、(3.42±0.54)分、(1.71±0.32)分;B组分别为(3.18±0.52)分、(1.43±0.25)分、(0.37±0.06)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.266,7.809,4.113,P＜0.05).(2)血清miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平:A组分别为1.41±0.21、2.94±0.49、1.62±0.25、1.21±0.20;B组分别为6.29±0.91、0.52±0.09、2.82±0.33、3.57±0.64.miR-146a、miR-10b在两组间差异有统计学意义(=-2.156,2.110,P＜0.05),而miR-21、miR-26a两组间差异无统计学意义(t=-1.114,-1.571,P ＞0.05).(3)相关性:A组miR-146a、miR-10b与APACHEⅡ、RANSON、BISAP评分有相关性(r=-0.826、0.837,-0.874、0.866,-0.833、0.899,P＜0.05).而miR-21、miR-26a表达水平与APACHE Ⅱ、RANSON、BISAP评分无相关性(r=0.642、0.321,0.701、0.750,0.716、0.716,P＞0.05).B组miR-146a、miR-10b、miR-21、miR-26a表达水平与APACHE Ⅱ评分无相关性(r=0.067,0.347,0.133,0.111,P＞0.05);与RANSON评分无相关性(r =0.178,0.078,0.092,0.142,P＞0.05);与BISAP评分无相关性(r=0.103,0.260,0.216,0.285,P＞0.05).(4)预测因素分析:单因素Logistic回归分析发现RANSON评分、BISAP评分、miR-10b是影响PCD干预的因素(OR =4.170,5.612,2.500;95％可信区间:1.092 ～ 15.932,1.232 ～21.622,1.190 ～5.254,P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析发现miR-10b是急性胰腺炎PCD干预的独立影响因素(OR=2.374,95％可信区间:1.115 ～5.056,P＜0.05).结论 miR-10b与miR-146a可能成为判断急性重症胰腺炎严重程度的预测指标;miR-10b可能成为急性胰腺炎是否行PCD干预的判定指标.     

Motor impairment,depression, dementia: Which forms the impression of disease severity in Parkinson's disease?

IntroductionClinical Global Impression of Severity (CGIS) is a common measure in clinical research on Parkinson's disease (PD). However, patient features that contribute to the impression of the physician remain unclear. In particular, the impact of cognitive impairment and depression is understudied.MethodsIn a nationwide study on 1449 outpatients with PD, examined by 315 office-based neurologists, PD severity was documented with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-I, II, and IV). All patients were screened with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) for depression. The diagnosis of dementia was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV Text Revision criteria. Each patient was rated on the CGIS.ResultsCGIS ratings were available for 1438 patients, of which 50.8% were rated as “borderline” to “moderately ill” and 49.2% as “markedly” to “extremely ill.” Worse ratings were associated with higher age (p < 0.001), longer PD duration (p < 0.001), and female sex (p < 0.001). The impact of patient and physician variables on CGIS rating was calculated with three regression models (A: single bivariate regression; B: multivariate regression; and C: multivariate, multilevel regression, including physician variables). In all models, higher UPDRS-II scores and longer disease duration of PD were the strongest predictors for a worse CGIS rating. In the multivariate models (B and C), neuropsychiatric symptoms were unrelated to the CGIS rating.ConclusionThe additional burden of dementia and depression was underestimated in the CGIS rating, suggesting that they are possibly relativized against the motor impairment.     

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in three consecutive generations of spread in Zhejiang,China

ObjectivesThe aim was to determine the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients because the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to circulate in the population.MethodsThis is a retrospective, multicentre, cohort study. Adult COVID-19 cases from four hospitals in Zhejiang were enrolled and clustered into three groups based on epidemiological history. First-generation patients had a travel history to Hubei within 14 days before disease onset; second-generation patients had a contact history with first-generation patients; third-generation patients had a contact history with second-generation patients. Demographic, clinical characteristics, clinical outcomes and duration of viral shedding were analysed.ResultsA total of 171 patients were enrolled, with 83, 44 and 44 patients in the first-, second-, and third-generation, respectively. Compared with the first and second generations, third-generation patients were older (61.3 vs. 48.3 and 44.0 years, p < 0.001) and had more coexisting conditions (56.8% vs. 36.1% and 27.3%, p 0.013). At 7 ± 1 days from illness onset, third-generation patients had lower lymphocyte (0.6 vs. 0.8 and 0.8 × 109/L, p 0.007), higher C-reactive protein (29.7 vs. 17.1 and 13.8 mg/L, p 0.018) and D-dimer (1066 vs. 412.5 and 549 μg/L, p 0.002) and more lesions involving the pulmonary lobes (lobes ≥5, 81.8% vs. 53.0% and 34.1%, p < 0.001). The proportions of third-generation patients developing severe illness (72.7% vs. 32.5% and 27.3%, p < 0.001), critical illness (38.6% vs. 10.8% and 6.8%, p < 0.001) and receiving endotracheal intubation (20.5% vs. 3.6% and 2.3%, p 0.002) were higher than in the other two groups.DiscussionThird-generation patients were older, had more underlying comorbidities and had a higher proportion of severe or critical illness than first- and second-generation patients.     

Gene sequences regulating the production of apoE and cerebral palsy of variable severity

BackgroundThe apoE protein is the most important lipid transporter in the brain and has also been shown to have several regulatory functions in the central nervous system. The production of apoE is regulated by a number of genes and increases under certain conditions such as cerebral injury in adults.AimsOur aim was to study whether variations in genes regulating the expression of the APOE gene were associated with severity of cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsChildren enrolled in the Cerebral Palsy Register of Norway (CPRN) were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study; 281 of the invited 703 children (40%) returned swabs with buccal cells collected by parents. Six genetic variations thought to affect the production of apoE were genotyped and correlated with clinical data recorded in the CPRN.ResultsCompared with children carrying the GG allele, children with genotype GT or TT in a specific genetic variation (rs59007384 located in the nearby TOMM40 gene) had excess risk for worse fine motor function (Odds ratio (OR): 1.82; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.10–2.99; p = 0.019) and epilepsy (OR: 2.32; CI: 1.17–4.61; p = 0.016). There was no association between severity of CP and any of the other five genetic variations analyzed.ConclusionOur findings suggest that genetic variations in one of the sequences regulating the expression of APOE, may be associated with worse clinical outcome in children with cerebral palsy.     

降钙素原对儿童急性阑尾炎严重程度的预测价值

目的 评价降钙素原（PCT）对儿童急性阑尾炎严重程度的预测价值.方法 收集2011年10月至2012年3月我们收治的93例诊断为急性阑尾炎的患儿临床资料,包括年龄、性别、入院时PCT及CRP、并发症（腹腔脓肿、肠梗阻）、住院时间等.根据手术所见或病理检查结果将患儿分为急性阑尾炎组和急性阑尾炎伴局限性或弥漫性腹膜炎组.结果 急性阑尾炎组53例,腹膜炎组40例.腹膜炎组出现并发症的比例高于急性阑尾炎组,住院时间较长,且PCT、CRP水平显著高于急性阑尾炎组（PCT：0.43 vs 3.37 ng/mL,P＜0.001,CRP：3.0vs13.8 mg/L,P＜0.001）.在诊断腹膜炎的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值方面,当PCT以0.93 ng/mL为阈值时,分别为85.0％、91.6％、88.3％、89.0％,而CRP以4.05 mg/L为阈值时,分别为90.0％、67.9％、67.9％、90.0％.结论 入院时PCT及CRP对儿童急性阑尾炎的严重程度具有一定的预测价值,且PCT性能略优于CRP.     

D-二聚体含量检测在不同类型胰腺炎诊断中的价值

目的探讨D-二聚体(DD)含量检测在不同类型胰腺炎诊断中的价值。方法选取急性胰腺炎患者60例,其中轻症胰腺炎患者40例(轻症组)、重症胰腺炎患者20例(重症组),同时选取健康志愿者60名作为对照组,检测各组DD、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)。结果重症组入院时DD、PT、APTT、TT明显高于轻症组和对照组(P<0.05);轻症组入院时DD、PT、APTT、TT明显高于对照组(P<0.05);轻症组和重症组入院后3 d DD、PT、APTT、TT较入院时明显升高(P<0.05),其中轻症组入院后7 d各指标有所降低(P<0.05),而重症组持续升高(P<0.05);重症组入院时、入院后3 d、入院后7 d DD、PT、APTT、TT明显高于轻症组(P<0.05);入院时DD、PT、APTT、TT判断急性胰腺炎严重程度的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积分别为0.866、0.801、0.776和0.835(P<0.05)。结论DD、PT、APTT、TT检测在急性胰腺炎早期诊断中有一定的应用价值,有助于评估患者病情。     

大鼠颅脑损伤早期血清IL-6和CRP的动态变化及意义

目的 探讨大鼠颅脑损伤早期血清IL-6和CRP的变化及与颅脑损伤程度的关系.方法 用双抗体夹心酶标免疫分析法测定颅脑损伤大鼠血清IL-6和CRP的水平.结果 轻中重度颅脑损伤大鼠血清IL-6和CRP水平均有升高,其水平与颅脑损伤的严重程度显著相关(P＜0.01),并且颅脑损伤大鼠血清IL-6和CRP含量之间呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 血清IL-6和CRP是评价颅脑损伤早期炎症损伤程度的重要生化指标,其含量变化与伤情严重程度密切相关,通过对其动态观察可及时判断颅脑损伤的严重程度及预后.     

乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子和前C基因变异与HBeAg含量和肝炎病情的临床研究

研究乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)C基因启动子(CP)和前C基因变异对HBeAg表达和病情的影响。通过DNA扩增、基因序列分析检测48例慢性乙肝和12例慢性重型乙肝患者血清的HBV CP和前C基因序列,及通过微粒子发光法定量检测血清中HBeAg的含量。(1)前C终止变异(nt1896G→A)在重型乙型肝炎病例中的发生率显著升高(66.7％);CP双变异(nt1762A→T和1764G→A)则在慢性乙型肝炎中度和重度的病例中的发生率显著升高(分别为52.6％和54.5％)。(2)双变异组和终止变异组的HBeAg含量均显著下降,P<0.01。但终止变异组HBeAg含量的下降较双变异组更为明显,P<0.05,且eAb阳性率也显著升高,P相似文献