Serum intact parathyroid hormone levels in elderly Chinese females with hip fracture

Summary Serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 hydroxyvitamin D(25OHD), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)₂D), albumin, and ionized calcium were measured in 61 Chinese female patients with hip fracture and 61 control subjects. Hip fracture patients had low albumin, ionized calcium, and 250HD levels. Serum PTH and 1,25 (OH)₂D values were not different between the two groups. We conclude that although 250HD level in hip fracture patients is low, there is no evidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism, suggesting that the low 250HD levels may be a secondary phenomenon in response to the fracture.     

促渗剂对水合胼胝类脂热转变影响的差示扫描热分析研究

从人胼胝组织提取出类脂经水合后代替人皮肤角质层用作差示扫描热分析研究促渗剂作用的简单模型。研究了１，８－桉油精，月桂氮酮和丙二醇等促渗剂对水合胼胝类脂热转变特征的影响。三种促渗剂均不同程度地降低水合胼胝类脂的热变温度，作用强弱依次为１，８－桉油精＞月桂氮酮＞丙二醇。丙二醇与１，８－桉油精或月桂氮酮混合应用时对热转变的影响具有协同作用。结果提示促渗剂可能改变脂质分子的排列和增加其流动性。同时，水的存在对脂质分子物理结构的形成具有重要作用。     

实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏损害和脂质过氧化物水平的动态研究

动态观察实验性糖尿病大鼠于发病后２、４、６、１２、和１６周肾脏损害指标和肾脏脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平的变化。结果表明，发病后各观察时间．或糖尿病大鼠２４ｈ尿Ａｌｂ、β２──ＭＧ排泄量和尿ＮＡＧ活性均明显增高，而２４ｈ尿ＴＨＰ排泄量显著降低，肾脏ＬＰＯ水平明显升高。其中尿ＮＡＧ活性、ＴＨＰ排泄量和肾脏ＬＰＯ水平均随病程延长而更趋明显。这些结果提示，在糖尿病早期除有肾小球功能损害外，肾小管也明显受损，过氧化损伤在糖尿病肾病发病中可能是重要因素之一。尿Ａｌｂ、β２──ＭＧ、ＴＨＰ含量和ＮＡＧ活性可作为糖尿病肾病早期肾损害的敏感指标。     

有机锗对大鼠实验性矽肺形成及脂质过氧化水平的影响

采用硫代巴比妥酸比色法和亚硝酸盐形成法，分别测定了实验性矽肺大鼠血清过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）同工酶活力，同时观察了β羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ｇｅ－１３２）对实验性大鼠矽肺形成的阻断作用及对自由基代谢的影响。结果显示矽肺大鼠血清ＬＰＯ含量显著高于对照组，而血清总ＳＯＤ和ＣｕＺｎＳＯＤ活力显著下降。提示矽肺的发生可能与机体自由基代谢的失衡有关。使用Ｇｅ－１３２可显著提高大鼠机体的抗氧化能力，降低脂质过氧化作用，并可明显干预矽肺病变的形成。     

深低温储皮后其抗原性改变的免疫学研究

以人皮和豚鼠皮新鲜及－１９６℃冷冻皮片匀浆做为抗原，研制出兔抗人和豚鼠的新鲜及－１９６℃冷冻皮片匀浆的可溶性蛋白高效价的免疫血清，并通过免疫电泳、火箭免疫电泳、免疫火箭扩散电泳及单相免疫扩散电泳等不同免疫学电泳的检测，分别对新鲜皮片及－１９６℃冷冻皮片抗原性改变的这一现象进行探讨与研究。结果表明：人皮、豚鼠皮其新鲜皮片的抗原成份、抗原决定簇及抗原量均显著高于相应的－１９６℃冷冻组皮片，因而证实了通过深低温冷冻的皮片其抗原性低于新鲜皮片的论断。     

复方通络中药改善肥胖患者血管内皮细胞功能障碍研究

目的观察复方通络中药对单纯性肥胖患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍的干预效应，探讨其作用机制。方法应用高分辨血管超声检查选择血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍[以血流介导的肱动脉扩张率（FMD）表示]肥胖患者（65例），随机分为通络中药治疗组和对照组。治疗组32例，对照组33例。治疗组给予辛香疏络2号胶囊，3g／次，每日3次；对照组给予淀粉胶囊，3g／次，每日3次。共用药12周，分别测定用药前后FMD、肱动脉内径（D0），同时检测辛香疏络2号治疗前后患者血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）的变化。结果治疗后治疗组FMD较对照组明显增加（P〈0．01），TC、TG较治疗前及对照组明显下降（P〈0．01）。结论复方通络中药辛香疏络2号胶囊可明显改善肥胖患者血管内皮障碍，调节血脂可能是其改善血管内皮功能机制之一。     

Challenges in the Diagnosis of the Right Patient for Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Diagnosis of testosterone deficiency is important to identify patients who might benefit from testosterone replacement therapy. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of hypogonadism may be a challenge for many practicing physicians, including endocrinologists and urologists. Signs and symptoms, such as sexual dysfunction, change in body composition, lethargy, and mood changes, are nonspecific and the available questionnaires are generally not useful in clinical practice. The diagnosis of testosterone deficiency is ultimately based on measurement of serum testosterone levels. However, marked variations in the reference ranges of serum testosterone levels among laboratories pose a challenge for physicians when interpreting the results. In addition, initial laboratory assessments usually determine total testosterone levels. About 1–2% of total testosterone is free and a further 30–50% is bound with low affinity to albumin; only these two components are bioavailable to the target tissues. In general, assuming the normal reference range for serum total testosterone in adult men is 300–1000 ng/dl (10–35 nmol/l), levels of < 250 ng/dl (8.7 nmol/l) suggest the patient is likely to be hypogonadal, whereas levels of > 350 ng/dl (12.7 nmol/l) suggest the symptoms may not be due to androgen deficiency. Values between 250 to 350 ng/dl warrant a repeat morning serum testosterone determination with assessment of free or bioavailable testosterone. In men with symptoms suggestive of androgen deficiency and borderline serum testosterone levels, where there are no contraindications to androgen therapy, a short therapeutic trial of testosterone may be justified.     

高血胆固醇症病人体内铁贮水平与心肌灌注 左心室功能的相关研究

目的评价血清铁参数与高血胆固醇症(HCL)病人心肌灌注、室壁运动异常及血管造影显示的冠状动脉疾病(CAD)程度的相互关系.方法选择38名具有高血胆固醇症(LDL-C＞3.38mmol/L)从未治疗过的男性病人(平均年龄59±6岁)作为HCL组和32名年龄匹配而胆固醇水平正常(NCL)的男性为NCL组,进行冠状动脉造影并在10d内行SPECT检查,应用99mTc-甲氧基异丙基异氰(MIBI)进行静息/负荷门控断层心肌灌注显像、室壁运动功能图像分析;同时测定血清铁参数、血脂及常规血液学参数.结果在HCL组发现血清铁蛋白(SF)与心肌灌注系数(r=0.70,P＜0.01),可逆系数(r=0.66,P＜0.01)和室壁运动系数(r=0.53,P＜0.05)之间呈显著性相关;而总铁结合力与灌注系数之间呈一弱(负)相关(r=-0.52,P＜0.05).在NCL组铁参数与灌注系数及室壁运动系数之间无显著性相关.多元回归分析证实血清铁蛋白水平是决定HCL病人中心肌灌注的独立因素(β=0.55,P＞0.05).铁参数与两组通过冠状动脉造影(CAG)进行评分所定义的CAD程度无关.结论体内铁贮水平升高与HCL病人心肌灌注和功能异常的严重性和程度有着密切的关系,但与CAD的造影显示的病变范围无关.血清铁蛋白水平增高,可增加铁介导的氧化应力和LDL过氧化作用,导致HCL相关的血管内皮功能紊乱并进一步损伤心肌灌注和室壁运动功能.     

Fast decomposition of water and lipid using a GRASE technique with the IDEAL algorithm.

Three-point Dixon techniques achieve good lipid-water separation by estimating the phase due to field inhomogeneities. Recently it was demonstrated that the combination of an iterative algorithm (iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL)) with a fast spin-echo (FSE) three-point Dixon method yielded robust lipid-water decomposition. As an alternative to FSE, the gradient- and spin-echo (GRASE) technique has been developed for efficient data collection. In this work we present a method for lipid-water separation by combining IDEAL with the GRASE technique. An approach to correct for errors in the lipid-water decomposition caused by phase distortions due to the switching of the readout gradient polarities inherent to GRASE is presented. The IDEAL-GRASE technique is demonstrated in phantoms and in vivo for various applications, including pelvic, musculoskeletal, and (breath-hold) cardiac imaging.     

Adiabatic refocusing pulses for volume selection in magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.

Because of their excellent slice profiles and high immunity to RF inhomogeneity, adiabatic full passage (AFP) pulses are ideal for use in spatial localization. The nonlinear, position-dependent phase of a single AFP pulse generated during refocusing of transverse magnetization traditionally is eliminated by using identical pairs of AFP pulses, at the expense of increased RF power deposition and increased echo time (TE). Here it is shown that one can achieve significant phase refocusing by executing single AFP pulses along non-equivalent spatial axes. When used for volume selection in MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) the remaining nonlinear phase becomes inconsequential when the phase across a spectroscopic volume is small. Selection of rectangular and octagonal volumes is demonstrated with half the number of AFP pulses used in the traditional approach. It is shown that octagonal volume selection in the human brain provides excellent suppression of extracranial lipids, and thus allows multislice (1)H MRSI at 4 Tesla to be performed within the guidelines for RF power deposition.