Neurologic outcome after heart transplantation in Chagas' disease

Objective - To evaluate the neurologic morbidity after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), we examined consecutive Chagas' (Ch) and non-Chagas' (NCh) patients, before and after surgery. Material and methods - We undertook neurological and neuropsychological evaluations in Ch and NCh patients with end-stage cardiac failure, from September 1993 to September 1995. Results - Of 10 Ch patients (mean age=33.6 years; 7 male; mean follow-up=10.8 months) and 13 NCh patients (mean age=50.9 years; 12 male; mean follow-up=15 months) 3 died (rejection and sepsis) without neurologic symptoms. Neurologic complications occurred in 4 Ch and 5 NCh patients. Two Ch patients had skin and myocardial Chagas' reactivation successfully treated, without CNS involvement. NPS performance and return to work rates were similar in both groups. Conclusions - Although Ch patients are potentially at a higher risk of Trypanosoma cruzi reactivation, in addition to all known neurologic complications of OHT, early neurologic complications detected in this sample were similar in Ch and NCh patients and could not be specifically related to Chagas' disease.     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者感染的危险因素及预防措施

目的　探讨ITP患者感染的危险因素 ,提出预防感染的相关措施。方法　对 6 7例ITP住院患者进行回顾性调查 ,对患者感染部位、性别、年龄、合并糖尿病情况、住院天数、使用激素及丙种球蛋白情况进行评估及统计学处理。结果　感染以呼吸系统最多 ,其次为泌尿道感染 ;年龄大、合并糖尿病、住院天数长 (>4周 )、应用激素量大与感染发生呈正相关 ,并进行Logistic多元回归分析 (P值分别 >0 .0 5、<0 .0 5、<0 .0 5、<0 .0 5 ) ,OR值分别约 1.385、9.16 9、8.90 0、18.6 6 7。结论　应用激素量大、合并糖尿病、住院天数长 (>4周 )是ITP患者感染的主要危险因素 ,其中应用激素量大最为重要 ,合并糖尿病次之 ;必须控制易患因素 ,有效地预防感染。     

2型糖尿病患者高危因素分析

目的 分析2型糖尿病患者各种高危险因素控制状况及其与慢性并发症的关系。方法 记录464例50岁以上的2型糖尿病患者收缩压、舒张压、血脂、糖化血红蛋白和体质指数，按有无并发症分为两组进行分析。结果 有并发症组糖尿病病程、血压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血纤维蛋白原明显增高。Wald卡方分析显示糖尿病病程和收缩压有统计学意义。多数患者这些危险因素未得到很好的控制。结论 糖尿病患者存在着多种高危因素，有慢性并发症者更为严重，应注意综合治疗。     

云南陆良县农村已婚育龄妇女阴道炎的危险因素分析

对云南省陆良县的２２８７例已婚育龄妇女阴道炎患病情况及其危险因素进行了分析，通过Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归多因素和卡方检验单因素分析。结果表明：陆良县的阴道炎患病率为１０．２３％，Ｌｏ－ｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归筛选出的主要危险因素是职业、目前是否使用避孕方法、妊娠次数、每月性交次数及月经期间用不洁水洗下身；单因素卡方检验筛选出的主要危险因素为年龄、文化程度、职业、结婚年龄、妊娠次数、人流次数、自然流产数、总死产数、死流产总数、目前是否使用避孕方法、过去是否用过避孕方法、每月性交次数及月经期间用不洁水洗下身。     

Risk-Taking among Adolescents Who Say They Can Get a Handgun

In a survey of 5657 community-residing adolescents, those who said they could get a handgun in two days reported similar and those who said they could not get a handgun reported fewer risk behaviors and less violence perpetration and victimization than adolescents who have their own handgun. Adolescents who said they could get a handgun reported more exposure to and experience with firearms than those who said they could not get a handgun. Risk reduction efforts regarding adolescents should be expanded to include adolescents who say they can get a handgun.     

大肠癌高发区嘉善县大肠癌危险因子的调查研究

在大肠癌高发区嘉善县进行了病例对照调查,以探索大肠癌的致癌危险因子。病例160名(结肠癌61名,直肠癌99名),对照320名。调查询问项目分食物项目和非食物项目。计算结果表明,在非食物方面,RR数值达到显著水平的有:肠息肉、腹泻、粘液血便、精神刺激、阑尾炎、阑尾切除和家族肿瘤史等;在食物方法,对照组比病例组摄入的粗纤维和维生素C的量多,且达到显著水平。     

Failure of oral implants: aetiology, symptoms and influencing factors

The use of oral implants opened a wide range of prosthetic treatment possibilities in edentulous patients. Although the reported success rates of oral implants are high, failures do occur. This paper reviews the current knowledge about the aetiology, the signs and symptoms and the possible influencing factors of implant failure. Possible causes of implant failure are thought to be infection of the periimplant tissues, occlusal overload, or a combination of both. Nevertheless, pinpointing one of these as the aetiological factor in a particular case is difficult and should be handled reluctantly. Although the cause might seem obvious, influencing factors could play a role as well. Gaining insight into these processes might stimulate the adoption of preventive action and therefore increase the predictability of the treatment outcome with oral implants. Received: 4 April 1997 / Accepted: 27 November 1997     

合肥地区献血员感染HBV和HCV危险因素的多因素分析

用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了合肥地区１４４０名献血员抗ＨＣＶ和乙肝五项指标，抗ＨＣＶ阳性率为５５％；ＨＢｓＡｇ携带率为１５％，ＨＢＶ总感染率４３７％。分别以抗ＨＣＶ阳性与感染过ＨＢＶ的献血员为病例，以抗ＨＣＶ阴性与未感染ＨＢＶ的献血员为对照进行了ＨＣＶ和ＨＢＶ感染危险因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果显示，ＡＬＴ、献血次数、献血量、文化程度、献血员心理和输血史与ＨＣＶ感染有关；血型、家庭人口数和家庭子女数与ＨＢＶ感染有关。     

学龄儿童行为问题危险因素配对研究

将２１４名经Ｒｕｔｔｅｒ儿童行为问卷调查评定为有行为问题的学龄儿童与２１４名对照儿童进行了配比分析，以探讨学龄儿童行为问题的危险因素。研究结果表明，父、母文化程度和父亲职业是影响学龄儿童行为问题的重要因素；多因素条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归分析结果显示父母文化程度偏低是学龄儿童行为障碍的两项独立危险因素。文中对学龄儿童行为问题的预防和矫治进行了讨论。     

Application of Animal Toxicology Data to Clinical Study of Experimental Drugs

The pharmaceutical industry performs safety studies in animals to underwrite administration of new chemical entities to man. Early clinical evaluation of drugs in volunteers is performed, generally, using highdose acute studies in rodents and 1-month repeat dose studies in one rodent species and one non-rodent species as a basis for risk assessment. Results from the 1-month toxicology studies enable a ceiling for initial clinical doses to be set and give some indication of the major target organs for toxicity. Extrapolation of these results to man helps determine the preliminary safety endpoints, including clinical chemistry parameters, for use in early clinical studies in man.Originally presented at ECCP 93.