血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后的关系研究

目的 探讨血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后的关系。方法 对序贯收集的首次发病急性缺血性脑卒中患者做血脂全套分析,用MMSE进行认知功能随访。对发病后三个月MMSE评分与血脂指标进行单因素及多因素分析。结果 认知评分较低组TG、TC、ApoB、LDL－C显著较高。TG、TC、APOb、LDL－C机遇比分别为4．37（95％CI0．08－0．64）、3．35（2．25－4．99）、3．95（0．05－1．41）、6．68（0．05－0．45）。多元逐步回归方程：三个月的MMSE评分＝37．655－0．075年龄＝2．015ApoB-0.930LDL-C-2.014梗塞个数。结论 血脂水平与缺血性脑卒中认知预后密切相关,LDL－C及ApoB是预测缺血性脑卒中认知预后的独立变量。     

多因素作用对肾移植效果的影响

目的：探讨肾移植术后早期排斥反应、肾功能延迟恢复的高危因素及其机理。方法：分析167例次肾移植患者的年龄、性别、透析时间、移植史、输血次数、孕次、冷缺血时间、热缺血时间、HLA体液致敏及HLA错配数与术后早期排斥反应、肾功能延迟恢复发生的关系。结果：多因分析提示致敏与肾移植术后肾功能延迟恢复的发生相关,致敏及HLA错配数与早期排斥反应相关。结论：致敏及HLA错配影响是肾移植效果的主要危险因素。     

衡阳市人群幽门螺杆菌感染危险因素的病例对照研究

目的 探讨人群幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的危险因素,为制定防制对策和措施提供科学依据。方法 以Hp4℃ PCR检测试剂盒对252例研究对象的胃液进行检测,130例阳性者列入病例组,122例阴性者列入对照组,运用病例-对照研究方法作流行病学研究,应用Mantel-Haenszel法及条件Logistic回归作单因素和多因素统计分析。结果 单因素Mantel-Haenszel法及条件Logistic回归分析结果均有显著性意义的因素有：受教育程度、职业、家庭人口数、经济收入、居住面积、饮水来源、喝生水、在外进餐,而居住地仅在Logistic回归分析中有显著性意义。多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,经济收入、喝生水及在外进餐3个因素有非常显著性意义(P=0.000）,比数比（OR）分别为0.700、6.217、9.798。阴性预测正确率77.0%,阳性预测正确率为76.2%,总正确率为76.6%。经济收入与在外进餐之间存在有交互影响（P=0.001）。结论 经常喝生水及在外进餐可显著增加Hp感染的危险性,经济收入越高,Hp感染的危险性越低。经济收入与在外进餐有交互影响。     

Point-of-care measured serum cholinesterase activity predicts patient outcome following severe burns

Risk stratification is of utmost importance in burn therapy. However, suitable bedside biomarkers to evaluate the emerging inflammatory response following burn injuries are missing. Serum cholinesterase (butyrylcholinesterase, BChE) has been shown to be a clinically relevant biomarker in acute inflammatory diseases including burns.In this observational cohort study BChE activity was measured by using point-of-care testing (POCT), a novel method in acute burn care. POCT measurements were performed at emergency room admission (ERA) of 35 patients and repeated 12, 24 and 48 h later. All patients or their legal designees gave informed consent.Patients with burn injuries showed sustained BChE activity reduction following hospital admission. BChE activity correlated negatively with burn injury severity, organ failure severity and intensive care unit resource requirements. BChE activity measured at ERA and 12 h later identified survivors and predicted 28-day patient outcome with noninferior efficacy compared to the abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) scoring. Finally, POCT-measured BChE activity might complement ABSI scoring and possibly improve early risk stratification in acute burn care therapy.     

Short-term multiorgan metabolic benefits of rapid weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy in severely obese patients

BackgroundSleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become the most prevalent bariatric-metabolic surgical approach in the United States. Its popularity among surgeons and patients is mainly due to a better safety profile and less overall morbidity, with broad benefits from a systemic and metabolic perspective.ObjectiveComprehensively describe the short-term multiorgan metabolic effects of rapid weight loss after SG.SettingAcademic hospital, United States.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients that underwent SG at our institution between 2012 and 2016. We analyzed the required variables to calculate multiple risk scores, such as cardiovascular, hypertension, and diabetes risk scores. Furthermore, the renal and hepatic functions and the metabolic and hematologic profiles were assessed at 12 months of follow-up.ResultsA total of 1002 patients were included in the analysis. The percentage of excess body mass index loss was, on average, 65% at 12 months of follow-up. We observed a positive cardio-renal-hepatic improvement, demonstrated by a substantial reduction of the 10-year cardiovascular risk. We noticed an improvement of renal function, which was more significant in chronic kidney disease (stage ≥2), and a significant improvement on liver function tests (measured by decreased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase) at 12 months of follow-up. Our data also show a positive impact on decreasing the risk of developing hypertension and type 2 diabetes. There was a positive impact on the lipid profile, with the exception of low-density lipoprotein.ConclusionThere are significant short-term benefits on multiorgan metabolic parameters after rapid weight loss in severely obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.     

Risk of insomnia and hypnotics use among emergency physicians

This study investigated the risk of insomnia and hypnotics use among emergency physicians. This cross-sectional study recruited physicians working in Taiwanese hospitals in 2015 and the general population as the participants. Data from 1,097 emergency physicians obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database were grouped into the case group, whereas 14,112 nonemergency physicians and 4,388 people from the general population were categorized into the control groups. This study used logistic regression and conditional logistic regression to compare the risks of insomnia between emergency and nonemergency physicians and between emergency physicians and the general population, respectively. The prevalence of insomnia among emergency physicians, nonemergency physicians and general population was 5.56%, 4.08%, and 1.73%, respectively. Compared with nonemergency physicians and the general population, emergency physicians had a significantly higher risk of insomnia. The proportions of emergency physicians, nonemergency physicians, and general population using hypnotics were 19.96%, 18.24%, and 13.26%, respectively. Among emergency physicians who used hypnotics, 49.77%, 25.57%, and 24.66% used only benzodiazepines, only nonbenzodiazepines, and both benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines, respectively. Nonpharmacological interventions to improve insomnia and reminder of safe use of hypnotics to emergency physicians can serve as references for hospitals in developing health-promoting activities.