肺炎性假瘤24例的临床X线误诊分析

目的探讨肺炎性假瘤的临床与X线误诊原因;方法依据临床与X线资料分析;结果均有不同程度的呼吸道症状,有14例痰中带血丝。肿块直径小于4cm11例,密度高而均匀,边缘光整,误诊为肺良性肿瘤。肿块直径大于4cm13例,密度不太均,边缘有分叶或有毛刺,误诊为肺癌;结论临床上多无急慢性感染症状,本病与其他占位性病变极相似,缺少特征,对本病缺乏认识是导致误诊的主要原因。肿块邻近胸膜,边缘出现尖角征,动态变化缓慢这3点对提高正确诊断率有独特的价值。     

新生儿通气相关性肺炎

目的：探讨新生儿通气相关性肺炎病因、病原菌、耐药情况、相关防治措施。方法：分析１０３ 例新生儿通气相关性肺炎患儿痰培养结果、诊治情况。结果：醋酸不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌是三种主要致病菌,耐药率高,对泰能、环丙沙星最为敏感。结论：革兰阴性杆菌是新生儿通气相关性肺炎重要病原菌,耐药率高,治疗较为困难,应积极预防。     

Effects of drugs of abuse on acquisition of behavioral chains in squirrel monkeys

The acute effects of various drugs of abuse on the acquisition of chains of behavior were assessed in squirrel monkeys trained to respond on three keys for food. Each new session the monkeys acquired a different four-response chain by responding sequentially on three keys in the presence of four different stimuli. Incorrect responses inactivated the keys and darkened the chamber for 10 s (time-out). Dose-effect curves were obtained by administering the drugs intramuscularly before the session and recording their effects on the rate and accuracy of responding. Cocaine,d-amphetamine, and ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol all decreased the accuracy and rate of responding within the dose range of 0.56–3 mg/kg. The highest dose of morphine tested (3 mg/kg) produced parallel decreases in the accuracy and rate of responding in some monkeys but had no effect at lower doses. These drugs decreased within-session accuracy though clearly acquisition did occur, but high doses of caffeine (30 and 56 mg/kg) prevented acquisition and recovery of performance and, furthermore, at 30 mg/kg these effects were observed in the absence of decreases in the rate of responding. The drugs of abuse tested all produced dose-related decreases in both the accuracy and rate of responding, and the decreases in accuracy were primarily observed only at doses that also decreased response rates. Therefore, based on these results from nonhuman primates each of these drugs has the potential to alter learning particularly when doses that disrupt other behaviors are administered.     

Detection of α S1-casein in vomit from bottle-fed babies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Summary This study describes a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using rabbit anti-bovine S1-casein antibody for the detection of commercial milk and milk-containing vomit. The antibody does not react with other human body fluids such as breast milk. The stability of S1-casein antigenic activity was examined after storage at different temperatures and enzyme digestion. There was no decrease after storage for one year at room temperature but 40% of the activity was lost after 6 months at 37°C. Enzyme digestion (6 hours, 37°C) resulted in 65 70% loss of activity but the antibody reacted with the peptide fragments of S1-casein. Vomit samples from 3 normal infants were tested by ELISA, and a S 1-casein could be detected in 1 cm² stain.     

头孢吡肟治疗围术期医院获得性肺炎

目的　观察头孢吡肟治疗骨科围术期医院获得性肺炎的疗效及安全性 ,并与头孢他啶进行比较。方法　骨科围术期医院获得性肺炎 70例随机分为两组 :头孢吡肟组 3 5例 ,静滴 1.0～ 2 .0g ,2次 /d ;头孢他啶组 3 5例 ,静滴 1.0～ 2 .0g ,2次 /d ;两组均治疗 1～ 2周。结果　头孢吡肟组及头孢他啶组临床有效率分别为 94.2 9%及 91.43 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,细菌清除率分别为 94.12 %及 90 .91% (P >0 .0 5 ) ,不良反应发生率均为 2 .86% (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　头孢吡肟治疗骨科围术期医院获得性肺炎的疗效显著而又安全     

小儿肺炎电超导治疗的研究

目的 评价电超导辅助治疗小儿肺炎的临床疗效。方法 所有144例，治疗组84例，对照组64例，对照组应用抗生素，同时止咳，化痰，平喘对症处理，治疗组在以照组的基础上超导辅助治疗，疗程一周。结果 治疗组总有效率100％，总痊愈率92．86％。而对照组总有效率仅为71．67％。结论 在原有治疗基础上加用电超导，可明显提高治愈率及总有效率。     

蒲辅周辨治小儿腺病毒肺炎经验介绍

蒲辅周对小儿腺病毒肺炎的辨治有独到见解。诊断上，重视辨发热，求病本；察舌象，辨病性；守病机，辨病证。用药效法叶天士，擅长轻灵，立求纯正。同时，药不避辛温，对甘草、苦杏仁、法半夏、橘红等辛温类药物的运用独有心法。治疗上，依发病季节、天时寒温的不同及病程之发展变化，随机立法遗方，极尽变化之妙。恢复期调理侧重肺胃。     

氟罗沙星和环丙沙星治疗术后肺炎的临床对比观察

目的比较氟罗沙星和环丙沙星治疗术后肺炎的疗效.方法将40例术后肺炎患者随机分为两组,每组20例.氟罗沙星组以氟罗沙星(0.2～0.4g qd)静脉滴注,环丙沙星组施以环丙沙星(200ml bid)静脉滴注,疗程为5天.观察治疗后两组的临床疗效、痰培养中细菌清除率和患者转阴率.结果与环丙沙星组相比,氟罗沙星组的治疗有效率、细菌清除率和患者转阴率明显提高(P＜0.05).结论氟罗沙星在术后肺炎疗效明显优于环丙沙星.     

传染性非典型肺炎23例心肌酶学分析

目的描述并分析传染性非典型肺炎的临床表现及心肌酶学改变。方法采集并分析了23例传染性非典型肺炎患者的临床表现及心肌酶学资料,分析死亡组及存活组出现心肌酶升高的比例的差异。结果患者具有肺炎症状体征,还出现心肌酶的升高。CKMB升高的比例存活组为44.4%,死亡组为80.0%,LDH1升高的比例存活组为22.2%,死亡组为80.0%。心肌酶升高的比例死亡组高于存活组,差异具有显著性意义。结论传染性非典型肺炎存在心肌损伤。