Subpathway-GMir: identifying miRNA-mediated metabolic subpathways by integrating condition-specific genes,microRNAs, and pathway topologies

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate disease-relevant metabolic pathways. However, most current pathway identification methods fail to consider miRNAs in addition to genes when analyzing pathways. We developed a powerful method called Subpathway-GMir to construct miRNA-regulated metabolic pathways and to identify miRNA-mediated subpathways by considering condition-specific genes, miRNAs, and pathway topologies. We used Subpathway-GMir to analyze two liver hepatocellular carcinomas (LIHC), one stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and one type 2 diabetes (T2D) data sets. Results indicate that Subpathway-GMir is more effective in identifying phenotype-associated metabolic pathways than other methods and our results are reproducible and robust. Subpathway-GMir provides a flexible platform for identifying abnormal metabolic subpathways mediated by miRNAs, and may help to clarify the roles that miRNAs play in a variety of diseases. The Subpathway-GMir method has been implemented as a freely available R package.     

清化消瘀法治疗代谢综合征30例

目的：观察清化消瘀法对代谢综合征患者Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子（PAI-1）、白介素-6（IL-6）及其mRNA表达的影响。方法：60例病例完全随机分为治疗组（n=30）,对照组（n=30）。提取治疗前后人体腹部皮下脂肪组织,制片。免疫组化法、原位杂交法检测PAI-1、IL-6及其mRNA表达水平。结果：治疗组与对照组均能够下调PAI-1、IL-6、IL-6 mRNA的表达,与治疗前相比均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,治疗组在下调PAI-1、IL-6、IL-6 mRNA的表达方面均优于对照组,相比有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论：清化消瘀方能够通过干预代谢综合征患者患者PAI-1、IL-6、IL-6 mRNA的表达,改善胰岛素抵抗,是治疗代谢综合征的有效中药复方。     

RNA binding protein POP7 regulates ILF3 mRNA stability and expression to promote breast cancer progression

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play pivotal roles in breast cancer (BC) development. As an RBP, Processing of precursor 7 (POP7) is one of the subunits of RNase P and RNase MRP, however, its exact function and mechanism in BC remain unknown. Here, we showed that expression of POP7 was frequently increased in BC cells and in primary breast tumors. Upregulated POP7 significantly promoted BC cell proliferation in vitro and primary tumor growth in vivo. POP7 also increased cell migration, invasion in vitro, and lung metastasis in vivo. Through RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (RIP‐seq), we found that POP7 bound preferentially to intron regions and POP7‐binding peak associated genes were mainly enriched in cancer‐related pathways. Furthermore, POP7 regulated Interleukin Enhancer Binding Factor 3 (ILF3) expression through influencing its mRNA stability. Knockdown of ILF3 significantly impaired the increased malignant potential of POP7‐overexpressing cells, suggesting that POP7 enhances BC progression through regulating ILF3 expression. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence for the important role of POP7 and its regulation of ILF3 in promoting BC progression.     

HE4 Tissue Expression as A Putative Prognostic Marker in Low-Risk/Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Review

Low-grade stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas should have an excellent prognosis, but a small subset of these cancers can relapse. The search for putative immunohistochemical prognostic markers for relapse in low-risk/low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancers remains open. Among the candidate molecules that may implicate the roles of immunohistochemical risk markers, we focused our attention on human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) after a review of the literature. Few authors have devoted themselves to this topic, and none have found a correlation between the tissue expression of HE4 and the molecular classification of endometrial cancer. Five different variants of HE4 mRNA and multiple protein isoforms of HE4 were identified many years ago, but current HE4 assays only measure the total HE4 expression and do not distinguish the different proteins encoded by different mRNA variants. It is important to have an approach to distinguish specific variants in the future.     

Comparing immunogenicity and efficacy of two different mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines as a fourth dose; six-month follow-up,Israel, 27 December 2021 to 24 July 2022

We assess the immunogenicity and efficacy of Spikevax and Comirnaty as fourth dose COVID-19 vaccines. Six months post-fourth-dose, IgG levels were higher than pre-fourth dose at 1.58-fold (95% CI: 1.27–1.97) in Spikevax and 1.16-fold (95% CI: 0.98–1.37) in Comirnaty vaccinees. Nearly 60% (159/274) of vaccinees contracted SARS-CoV-2. Infection hazard ratios (HRs) for Spikevax (0.82; 95% CI: 0.62–1.09) and Comirnaty (0.86; 95% CI: 0.65–1.13) vaccinees were similar, as were substantial-disease HRs, i.e. 0.28 (95% CI: 0.13–0.62) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.27–0.96), respectively.     

人参皂苷Rb1激活蛋白酪氨酸激酶2/信号传导及转录激活蛋白3通路减轻川崎病小鼠心肌损伤

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rb1对川崎病小鼠心肌损伤的治疗作用及其信号通路。方法:将5～6周龄BALB/C小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阿司匹林组、人参皂苷Rb1低剂量组(50 mg/kg)和高剂量组(100 mg/kg),每组12只。除对照组外,其他各组均间断性腹腔注射10%牛血清白蛋白生理盐水溶液,以诱发川崎病心肌损伤病理模...     

病毒疫苗的研究进展

病毒疫苗的接种是预防和控制病毒感染、传播、流行最为有效的手段。随着2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情的暴发,mRNA疫苗、基因工程疫苗、病毒载体疫苗等多个新平台和新技术被进一步开发和利用。总结目前病毒疫苗的主要类型以及与之相关的新技术和新方法,分析病毒疫苗的研发难点,提出加强对病原体多样性、机体免疫机制、疫苗类型、递送系统、新型佐剂机制等的基础研究,是加快对人类有重大影响的流行病毒疫苗和新突发传染病病毒疫苗等短缺疫苗研发的重要保障。     

mRNA疫苗创造的经济与社会价值分析

信使RNA（mRNA）疫苗可创造显著经济价值,其研发过程相对简单,可以快速投入生产、快速部署,相比其他技术路线的疫苗,mRNA疫苗具有一定的成本优势,且疗效好,可节约一定的社会医疗成本,作为肿瘤疫苗、新型冠状病毒肺炎及其他传染病疫苗都将产生巨大的经济价值。同时,mRNA疫苗作为一门新技术,具有显著社会价值,可带动上下游相关产业的发展、相应企业的技术升级与转型、以及相应基础科研的蓬勃发展,促进我国持续健全创新体系,完善产业创新生态;并且,mRNA疫苗国产化有利于提升产业链稳定性。通过对mRNA疫苗所创造的社会与经济价值进行分析,同时对于其相关产业链以及国产化情况进行梳理,以期更好地认识mRNA疫苗可创造的价值及在我国的发展现状,为我国公共卫生事业的发展提供参考。