Effect of haloperidol on immunoreactive neuropeptide Y in rat cerebral cortex and basal ganglia

To clarify the dopaminergic regulation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, the effect of haloperidol on NPY in basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex of the rat brain was investigated by sensitive radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry using antiserum against rat NPY. After repeated intraperitoneal injections of haloperidol (5 mg/kg) for 6 days, the content of immunoreactive NPY was significantly decreased in the caudate-putamen, but significantly increased in the lateral prefrontal cortex. After treatment for 21 days, the content of immunoreactive NPY in the caudate-putamen remained significantly low, but the extent of change in the lateral prefrontal cortex diminished. In the medial prefrontal cortex, piriform cortex, parietal cortex and nucleus accumbens, no significant changes were found after treatment for either 6 or 21 days. These findings were compatible with those obtained by immunocytochemistry using the same antiserum: an increase of immunoreactive fibers and terminals in the lateral prefrontal cortex and their decrease in the caudate-putamen. However, in the nucleus accumbens the density of immunoreactive fibers and terminals was decreased in the rostral portion, but not in the caudal portion after haloperidol treatment for 6 and 21 days. These findings suggest that dopaminergic afferents region-specifically regulate dopamine-sensitive NPY neurons in the rat brain.     

肿瘤坏死因子—α的生理及病理作用探讨

目的：研究肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）在人体的生理及病用。方法：用放射免疫分析法测定正常人及病人血清ＴＮＦ－α值，并对各组值进行比较分析。结果：（１）不同年龄组（Ｐ〈０．０１），但成人患者又显著低于新生儿和儿童患者（Ｐ〈０．０１）；（３）脑血管病患者血清ＴＮＦ－α值高于其它患者组，并且在治疗后血清ＴＮＦ－α值有明显下降。结论：（１）血清ＴＮＦ－α值可作为肿瘤、感染、脑血管疾病疾病的一种检测指标；     

吗啡对麻醉、心肌损伤和心外膜涂酸大鼠中枢阿片肽含量的影响

利用放射免疫测定方法,探讨腹腔注射吗啡对单纯乌拉坦麻醉、心肌损伤和心外膜涂酸大鼠中枢亮氨酸脑啡肽(LEKIS)和β-内啡肽样免疫活性物质(β-EPIS)含量的影响.结果表明注射吗啡对单纯乌拉坦麻醉大鼠和心肌损伤大鼠中枢LEKIS和β-EPIS含量的影响不显著,但可使心外膜涂酸大鼠的下丘脑、丘脑、中脑、桥脑内的LEKIS含量明显减少(P<0.01);海马和延脑的LEKIS含量亦减少(P<0.05);β-EPIS的含量在垂体明显减少(P<0.01);延脑和其它脑区亦有下降趋势,但无统计学意义.提示:吗啡可使心外膜涂酸组大鼠中枢多个脑区的LEKIS以及垂体β-EPIS含量下降.     

Determination of serum progesterone levels using a direct125I-radioimmunoassay

Summary A new conventional simple and direct¹²⁵I-radioimmunoassay (RIA) for serum progesterone is described. In comparison with the classical tritiated assays which are preceded by extraction, the assay is more simple, less time-consuming, less subject to error and hence less expensive. In normal cycling females the serum progesterone range during the follicular phase was 0.9 to 5.5 ng/ml (mean 2.5 ng/ml). Levels above 12 ng/ml occurring during the luteal phase are indicative of adequate luteal function. The actual progesterone levels assayed with this method are significantly greater than those found using the classical tritiated technique, and the reasons for this discrep. ancy are discussed. The assay is also capable of being used to assess the response to treatment for infertility, thus indicating that, in spite of the higher values obtained, there is no impairment in diagnostic sensitivity.     

Radioimmunoassay of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): Consideration of the results of two methods

Summary The two methods used to analyze 384 plasma samples were the carcinoembryonic antigen test (CRT) performed at the Roche laboratories and the direct radioimmunoassay plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (DRPC) technique. The first test, which is quantitative, gave many false positives below the 5 ng/ml level (also when used in a larger series of 4,628 subjects), thus invalidating its use for detection of gastrointestinal neoplasms. The DRPC technique was positive in 62.3 % of 101 cases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and gave very few false positives.     

心脏结构、心内血流及心功能与循环心钠素、肾素一血管紧张素系统

超声心动图检测９例扩张型心肌病（ＤＣＭ）、４１例风湿性心脏病（ＲＨＤＬ２９例甲状腺机能亢进（甲亢）患者及２４例正常人的心脏结构、心内血流及心功能，并用放射免疫分析法检测血浆心钠素（ＡＮＰ）、肾素活性（ＰＲＡ）及血管紧张素ＩＩ（ＡｎｇＩＩ）水平，发现ＤＣＭ及ＲＨＤ组左房内径、左室舒张未径及容积、右房截面积均与ＡＮＰ呈正相关；随心衰加重，ＡＮＰ升高（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．００１）房颤患者转复为窦性心律后ＡＮＰ降低（Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＤＣＭ及甲亢组左室短轴缩短率、射血分数及各瓣膜区流速与ＡＮＰ呈负相关；ＰＲＡ及ＡｎｇＩＩ则无明显变化。     

Determination of transcortin in serum by polyethylenglycol enhanced immunonephelometry. A comparison with equilibrium dialysis and radioimmunoassay

A method for immunonepholometric determination of transcortin has been developed. It is based upon a polyethylenglycol (PEG) enhanced immunonephelometric response using a commercial transcortin antiserum in the assay. It was found that pretreatment of the serum samples with 10% (w/v) PEG 6000 was a necessity in order to obtain satisfactory low blank values. The immunonephelometric assay showed a good correlation with transcortin concentrations as calculated from cortisol binding experiments (r = 0.9501, n = 26). The intraassay coefficient of variation for a standard serum was found to be 3.2% (n = 50) and for a pregnancy serum pool 2.6% (n = 50). The interassay coefficient of variation in ten consecutive analyses of thirteen samples was found to be 7.4%. The sensitivity allows detection of transcortin in 5 μl of serum. The average concentration in male serum was 35 mg/l (n = 55), in female serum 36 mg/l (n = 55) and in serum from third trimester pregnant women 81 mg/l (n = 30) which agrees with the results in previously published reports.     

血清C肽免疫检测方法的对比分析及临床意义探讨

采用四种常规免疫检测方法同时检测血清C肽,分析检测方法间的差异性并研究检测差异对临床判断胰岛β细胞功能的影响。随机选取病人51例152份血清样本,其中正常糖耐量13例,空腹血糖受损8例,糖耐量减低9例及2型糖尿病21例。免疫检测方法包括放射免疫法一种、化学发光法两种和电化学发光法一种。四种方法检测血清C肽的结果相互之间总体相关系数在0.74~0.99之间;检测数值间差异均显著（P〈0.0001）。在监测血清C肽的变化节律方面,四种免疫检测的变化趋向性表现一致,对临床判断无显著差异。     

体外应用大鼠胰腺提取物诱导小鼠间充质干细胞分化为胰岛素产生细胞

目的 探讨大鼠胰腺提取物(RPE)是否可以使小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSCs)分化为胰岛素产生细胞(IPCs),以及小鼠BMMSCs的分化条件,为糖尿病的干细胞治疗提供新的方法. 方法 传代纯化培养昆明小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞,应用SD大鼠的RPE诱导分化小鼠BMMSCs为IPCs,首先取18瓶小鼠BMMSCs随机分为6组,每组3瓶,分别加入RPE 10mg/L、20mg/L、30mg/L、40mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L,筛选出最佳的分化剂量,然后用最佳的分化剂量(50mg/L)分化BMMSCs,免疫酶细胞化学鉴定细胞内胰岛素的表达;双硫腙染色检测胰岛素产生细胞的分化和纯度.放射免疫分析检测C肽片段表达. 结果 50mg/L RPE可以使间充质干细胞分化良好,形态较规则,1周后细胞分化成熟,双硫腙染色呈现猩红色;免疫酶细胞化学和免疫荧光细胞化学显示:胰岛素表达阳性,C肽放射免疫学显示有C肽释放. 结论 RPE可以使小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞分化为胰岛素产生细胞.