益气活血中药对放射性骨损伤防护作用的实验研究

目的 :探讨益气活血中药防治放射性骨损伤的作用。方法 :60Coγ射线一次 3 0Gy照射兔后腿造模 ,实验组用中药 6个月 ,对照组不做治疗。不同时相观察照射部位骨细胞、血管变化、血管铸型、血流情况。结果 :骨细胞变性坏死在呈持续发展 ,尤其第 6周时尤为明显 ,对照组为 2 7% ,实验组为 8% ,差异明显 ,血管铸型 1 3周血管网逐增加 ,呈囊性扩张融合成片 ,以后渐减少 ,2 4周时实验组血管数目明显多于对照组。血流两组 3周时为著 ,6周后呈持续下降 ,但对照组明显 (P <0 .0 1 )。讨论 :益气活血中药能减轻射线对骨细胞及其它组织的直接杀伤 ,减轻对骨血管损伤 ,改善骨微循环及血流。     

太原市居民室内氡水平抽样调查与所致剂量估算

目的了解室内空气中氡的本底水平,找出氡的不同来源对室内的相对贡献。方法 REM-2型氡析出率仪对地面和墙壁表面进行氡析出的测量,利用FD-125氡钍分析仪对室内用水和煤气中氡的含量作了分析,探讨了太原市居室内空气中氡本底水平。结果室内氡主要是由土壤、建材中析出的,其次才是室外空气中氡的渗入,室内用水和煤气中氡贡献很小。结论根据调查结果,进行室内空气中氡对人体健康危害分析和剂量评价,建立了室内氡本底水平的数据库,为以后研究室内氡的防护措施提供了依据。     

针刀三步神经定位治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床研究

目的:以三步神经定位法对神经根型颈椎病的病灶进行定位诊断,观察在此指导下针刀治疗本病的临床疗效.方法:先以临床症状定位、触诊定位以及影像学定位的三步神经定位方法对神经根型颈椎病的病灶进行精确定位,在此基础上针刀常规治疗,同时与针刺组进行了临床对照.结果:针刀组76例中痊愈64例,好转11例,痊愈率与针灸组比较,X2=34.78,P＜0.01;有效率与针灸组比较,X2=13.17,P＜0.01.结论:结合三步神经定位法能使针刀微创治疗更加精确、疗效迅速,临床上具有推广意义.     

The cocktail party effect

The main advantages of wearing 2 ear level hearing aids are the possibilities of directional hearing and of avoiding the acoustical head shadow. These effects are rather easy to measure. There exists another effect which would seem, at first sight, to be of major importance: The fact that in an environment of hampering sounds one understands better with 2 ears than with only 1: the cocktail party effect (CPE).

As in already described [Kuyper and de Boer, 1969] there are many ways to measure and even to define the CPE. The most natural way (and the best if one investigates hearing aids) is to use loudspeakers. Carhart [1965] describes a method which avoids the effect of head shadow. Unfortunately it was impossible for us to obtain in double prothetized subjects an effect which was greater than the variance.

In order to avoid this variance we improved a method developed by Feldmann in 1963, and in this way succeeded in obtaining significant results for each single subject.

Applying this method on prothetized subjects, forced us to use the telephone coil instead of the microphone of the post-aural hearing-aids.     

Neurophysiological adaptations to spaceflight and simulated microgravity

Changes in physiological functions after spaceflight and simulated spaceflight involve several mechanisms. Microgravity is one of them and it can be partially reproduced with models, such as head down bed rest (HDBR). Yet, only a few studies have investigated in detail the complexity of neurophysiological systems and their integration to maintain homeostasis. Central nervous system changes have been studied both in their structural and functional component with advanced techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), showing the main involvement of the cerebellum, cortical sensorimotor, and somatosensory areas, as well as vestibular-related pathways. Analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) led to contrasting results, mainly due to the different factors affecting brain activity. The study of corticospinal excitability may enable a deeper understanding of countermeasures' effect, since greater excitability has been shown being correlated with better preservation of functions. Less is known about somatosensory evoked potentials and peripheral nerve function, yet they may be involved in a homeostatic mechanism fundamental to thermoregulation. Extending the knowledge of such alterations during simulated microgravity may be useful not only for space exploration, but for its application in clinical conditions and for life on Earth, as well.     

放射性^131碘治疗老年甲亢患者的护理干预效果观察

目的：探讨分析护理干预在放射性131碘治疗老年甲亢患者的疗效。方法对本院收治的84例老年甲亢患者采用放射性131碘治疗，并采取相应的护理干预，治疗结束后12个月内予以随访确定疗效。结果治疗后6个月55例患者痊愈，其余患者经过二次治疗，在距第一次治疗后12个月最终有71例患者痊愈，痊愈率为84.5%，13例患者病情得到控制，9例患者出现甲亢。结论放射性131碘治疗老年甲亢患者有一定的并发症风险，但总体上疗效良好，临床应用前景广阔。     

On the Diagnostic Relevance of Level Discrimination

In his letter to the editor ‘On the use of discrimination of level differences as a diagnostic test procedure as suggested by Fastl and Schorn [1981]’, Dr. Humes questions the diagnostic relevance of level discrimination. His main argument is the overlap of individual data in patients with cochlear versus retrocochlear disorders. We show that the test proposed can differentiate between these types of disorders for test frequencies in the mid-frequency range and suggest that this test be incorporated into the audiological test battery.

Pour répondre à la critique de Larry E. Humes, les auteurs ont precédé à une nouvelle analyse de leurs résultats. N'ayant obtenu que 5-15% de faux-positifs, ils confirment la validité de leur test, étant entendu qu'il convient de l'intégrer à une batterie de tests audiomé-triques.     

A novel region-based level set method initialized with mean shift clustering for automated medical image segmentation

Appropriate initialization and stable evolution are desirable criteria to satisfy in level set methods. In this study, a novel region-based level set method utilizing both global and local image information complementarily is proposed. The global image information is extracted from mean shift clustering without any prior knowledge. Appropriate initial contours are obtained by regulating the clustering results. The local image information, as extracted by a data fitting energy, is employed to maintain a stable evolution of the zero level set curves. The advantages of the proposed method are as follows. First, the controlling parameters of the evolution can be easily estimated by the clustering results. Second, the automaticity of the model increases because of a reduction in computational cost and manual intervention. Experimental results confirm the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method for medical image segmentation.