调神止痛法针刺治疗枕神经痛疗效观察

目的观察调神止痛法针刺治疗枕神经痛的疗效。方法以调神止痛法针刺治疗枕神经痛30例,并与常规针刺法治疗30例进行对照,观察两组疗效及对疼痛指数的影响。结果与结论观察组总有效率为93.3%,对照组为76.7%,观察组疗效明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组止痛效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。     

解郁透达化气法治疗肝郁血结型失眠症105例临床分析

目的探讨解郁透达化气法治疗肝郁血结所致失眠的临床疗效。方法对105例患者采用解郁透达化气法辨证论治,经2至4周治疗后观察临床疗效。结果105例患者中治愈11例,好转84例,未愈7例,总有效率达90.48%。结论解郁透达化气法治疗肝郁血结的失眠疗效良好。     

集成便携式辅助诊疗系统是脉诊、舌诊研究走向临床的切入点

基于成熟的脉诊、舌诊信息提取与识别的关键技术,集成便携式辅助诊疗系统突出脉诊、舌诊在中医诊疗中的重要作用,并融合其他四诊信息,实现自动辨证处方的临床辅助诊疗功能。便携式辅助诊疗系统体现了"四诊合参"的中医辨证诊断理念,其便携化、智能化、人性化的特点贴合临床实际,为脉诊、舌诊研究成果的推广应用奠定了完备的条件。     

Visual stimulation and frequency of focal neurological symptoms engage distinctive neurocognitive resources in migraine with aura patients: a study of resting-state functional networks

IntroductionSeveral functional neuroimaging studies on healthy controls and patients with migraine with aura have shown that the activation of functional networks during visual stimulation is not restricted to the striate system, but also includes several extrastriate networks.MethodsBefore and after 4 min of visual stimulation with a checkerboard pattern, we collected functional MRI in 21 migraine with aura (MwA) patients and 18 healthy subjects (HS). For each recording session, we identified independent resting-state networks in each group and correlated network connection strength changes with clinical disease features.ResultsBefore visual stimulation, we found reduced connectivity between the default mode network and the left dorsal attention system (DAS) in MwA patients compared to HS. In HS, visual stimulation increases functional connectivity between the independent components of the bilateral DAS and the executive control network (ECN). In MwA, visual stimulation significantly improved functional connectivity between the independent component pairs salience network and DAS, and between DAS and ECN. The ECN Z-scores after visual stimulation were negatively related to the monthly frequency of aura.ConclusionsIn individuals with MwA, 4 min of visual stimulation had stronger cognitive impact than in healthy people. A higher frequency of aura may lead to a diminished ability to obtain cognitive resources to cope with transitory but important events like aura-related focal neurological symptoms.     

桃仁现代研究进展和炮制方法历史沿革

桃仁Persicae Semen具有活血祛瘀、润肠通便、止咳平喘的功效,在我国具有广泛且悠久的应用历史。通过查阅历代本草典籍及现代研究文献报道,梳理桃仁的历史沿革,并对其现代炮制规范的研究进展进行归纳。为了全面理解药材,对桃仁的化学成分和药理作用的研究进展进行综述,还特别关注了药对配伍使用角度。有助于从多个方面全面了解药材的特性和潜在效果,为后续对桃仁炮制前后主要成分、指纹图谱、药理活性变化和减毒增效机制的研究提供研究思路,以期为其质量评价、临床应用和资源开发提供科学的理论依据。     

The impact of continuous positive airway pressure on cardiac mechanics: Findings from a meta‐analysis of echocardiographic studies

Current evidence on the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cardiac mechanics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is based on a few single studies. The authors investigated this topic through a meta‐analysis of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) studies that provided data on left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) mechanics as assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS). The PubMed, OVID‐MEDLINE, and Cochrane library databases were systematically analyzed to search English‐language review papers published from inception to January 31, 2022. Studies were identified by crossing the following terms: “obstructive sleep apnea”, “sleep quality”, “sleep disordered breathing”, “continuous positive airway pressure therapy”, “noninvasive ventilation”, “left ventricular hypertrophy”, “systolic dysfunction”, “global longitudinal strain”, “left ventricular mechanics”, “right ventricular mechanics”, “echocardiography” and “STE echocardiography”. The meta‐analysis, including a total of 337 patients with OSA from nine studies (follow‐up 2–24 months) showed a significant GLS improvement in both LV and RV after CPAP, standard mean difference (SMD) being 0.51±0.08, CI:0.36–0.66, p = .0001 and 0.28±0.07, CI:0.15–0.42, p = .0001), respectively. Corresponding SMD values for LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were 0.20±0.06, CI:0.08–0.33, p = .001 and 0.08±0.06, CI: ‐0.04/0.20, p = .21. Our meta‐analysis suggests that: I) CPAP treatment exerts beneficial effects on biventricular function in patients with OSA; II) the assessment of cardiac mechanics by STE should be routinely recommended for monitoring cardiac function in this setting, due to limitations of conventional echocardiography in evaluating biventricular performance.     

Melatonin inhibits EMT and PD‐L1 expression through the ERK1/2/FOSL1 pathway and regulates anti‐tumor immunity in HNSCC

Melatonin is an endogenous hormone with various biological functions and possesses anti‐tumor properties in multiple malignancies. Immune evasion is one of the most important hallmarks of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and is closely related to tumor progression. However, as an immune modulator under physiological conditions, the roles of melatonin in tumor immunity in HNSCC remains unclear. In this study, we found that the endogenous melatonin levels in patients with HNSCC were lower than those in patients with benign tumors in head and neck. Importantly, lower melatonin levels were related to lymph node metastasis among patients with HNSCC. Moreover, melatonin significantly suppressed programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HNSCC through the ERK1/2/FOSL1 pathway in vitro and in vivo. In SCC7/C3H syngeneic mouse models, anti‐programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) antibody combined with melatonin significantly inhibited tumor growth and modulated anti‐tumor immunity by increasing CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and decreasing the regulatory T cell (Treg) proportion in the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, melatonin inhibited EMT and downregulated PD‐L1 expression in HNSCC through the ERK1/2/FOSL1 pathway and exerted synergistic effects with anti‐PD‐1 antibody in vivo, which could provide promising strategies for HNSCC treatment.     

Spleen stiffness-spleen size-to-platelet ratio risk score as noninvasive predictors of esophageal varices in patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis

This study was conducted to evaluate the predictive value of spleen stiffness-spleen size-to-platelet ratio risk score (SSPS) as a noninvasive predictor of esophageal varices (EVs) and to compare it with others.In this retrospective study, from April 2017 to October 2018, a total of 65 patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis who underwent the liver and spleen stiffness (LS, and SS) measurements by 2 dimensional-shear wave elastography and endoscopic evaluation for EVs were enrolled. Liver stiffness-spleen size-to-platelet ratio risk score (LSPS) and SSPS were calculated. The prognostic values were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Twenty-six patients had no EV on endoscopy. Among 39 patients who had EVs, 12 patients had high risk EVs. The AUCs of the LS value, SS value, LSPS, and SSPS for predicting EVs were 0.72, 0.77, 0.80, and 0.85, respectively. The AUCs of the LS value, SS value, LSPS, and SSPS for predicting high-risk EVs were 0.55, 0.78, 0.67, and 0.80, respectively. SSPS had the highest specificity, at 96.15%, for predicting EVs.SSPS may be beneficial to exclude from having EVs and it is expected that the frequency of performing endoscopies for screening EVs can be reduced.     

头颈肿瘤游离皮瓣修复术后皮瓣坏死及皮瓣相关并发症影响因素分析

目的 分析皮瓣坏死及术后出现皮瓣相关并发症的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析因头颈肿瘤行游离皮瓣修复患者的年龄、性别、手术时长、吸烟、酗酒、高血压、糖尿病、术前放疗、血管吻合方式等对皮瓣坏死及皮瓣相关术后并发症的影响作用。结果 年龄、性别、手术时长、吸烟、酗酒、术前放疗、血管吻合方式不是头颈肿瘤患者游离皮瓣修复后皮瓣坏死及发生皮瓣相关术后并发症的危险因素;糖尿病是头颈肿瘤患者游离皮瓣修复后皮瓣坏死的危险因素(P=0.006),高血压(P=0.040)、糖尿病(P=0.024)是出现皮瓣相关术后并发症的独立危险因素。结论 在有游离皮瓣修复指征的头颈肿瘤但伴随有糖尿病、高血压疾病的患者中,经过全身情况评估后个体化选择修复方式。