Religious Issues Presented by Cancer Patients Seen in Psychiatric Consultation

Despite increased interest in the religious needs of patients with serious illness, the form that religious issues take in patients coping with an illness such as cancer has received little systematic attention. In this evaluation of 50 consecutive hospitalized cancer patients seen in psychiatric consultation, 32 patients were concerned with religious issues. Thirteen patients mentioned religion spontaneously, and 18 were actively struggling with several forms of religious problems: only 9 appeared to have discussed these conccrns with other members of the hospital staff. These findings have implications for the provision of more comprehensive care to patients with cancer and for future research.     

Pralidoxime Safety andToxicity In Children

Background. Current the safety of pralidoxime administration via adult autoinjectors for pediatric patients has not been established. Up until 2000, the published literature did not recommend its usage for children less than 12kg or under the age of 10 years old. Since 2000, limited published articles have emerged validating adult autoinjector usage for the pediatric victim, in extreme circumstances. Objective. We sought to determine whether adverse drug reactions (ADR) from pralidoxime administration to children occur. Method. Recurrent PubMed Medline literature search of all years were performed from 2001 to 2004 inclusive. The main search criteria were articles pertaining to U.S. children 16 years or younger who received pralidoxime. In addition, a review of 3 years (1999–2001) of detailed retrospective TESS exposure annual poison center data was obtained from the AAPCC. Results. Eighty-one children met inclusion criteria andreceived pralidoxime for suspected organophosphate poisoning. Two children (2.5%) expired. Three children (3.7%) were identified as having a potential adverse drug reaction; all were mild. Conclusion. The author's recognize this study possesses limitations that require its findings be interpreted with caution. Our data suggest that adverse drug reactions to pralidoxime treatment in children are rare. However, further investigation is needed to more firmly establish the safety of this antidote in children andfor its use in the prehospital environment.     

沟槽式精密附着体在倾斜基牙固定修复中的应用

目的　探讨沟槽式精密附着体在倾斜基牙固定义齿修复中的应用效果。方法　对2 8例2 5°～38°倾斜基牙采用沟槽式精密附着体固定义齿修复,观察修复体与基牙的密合度、桥体的稳定性、咀嚼功能的恢复、牙周组织的健康情况。结果　沟槽式精密附着体的应用可以减少牙体组织磨除,调节就位道,解决倾斜基牙共同就位的难题,为临床工作带来极大的便利。结论　应用沟槽式精密附着体是临床倾斜基牙固定义齿修复的良好方法。     

Using an action research process in pharmacy practice research—A cooperative project between university and internship pharmacies

BackgroundAction research (AR) is a common research-based methodology useful for development and organizational changes in health care when participant involvement is key. However, AR is not widely used for research in the development of pharmaceutical care services in pharmacy practice.ObjectivesTo disseminate the experience from using AR methodology to develop cognitive services in pharmacies by describing how the AR process was conducted in a specific study, and to describe the outcome for participants.MethodsThe study was conducted over a 3-year period and run by a steering group of researchers, pharmacy students, and preceptors. The study design was based on AR methodology. The following data production methods were used to describe and evaluate the AR model: documentary analysis, qualitative interviews, and questionnaires.ResultsExperiences from using AR methodology and the outcome for participants are described. A set of principles was followed while the study, called the Pharmacy-University study, was being conducted. These principles are considered useful for designing future AR studies. Outcome for participating pharmacies was registered for staff-oriented and patient-oriented activities. Outcome for students was practice as project leaders and enhancement of clinical pharmacy-based skills. Outcome for researchers and the steering group conducting the study was in-depth knowledge of the status of pharmacies in giving advice to patient groups, and effective learning methods for students.ConclusionDeveloping and implementing cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) involves wide-reaching changes that require the willingness of pharmacy and staff as well as external partners. The use of AR methodology creates a platform that supports raising the awareness and the possible inclusion of these partners. During this study, a set of tools was developed for use in implementing CPS as part of AR.     

A case for medical, environmental, and safety screening

Agriculture is one of the most hazardous occupations in the United States, yet there has been no improvement noted over the past 30 years. While occupational health and safety improvements have been noted in other industrial sections, agriculture continues to pose many unusual health threats to the farmer. Screening programs are fraught with many problems in view of the widely dispersed nature of agriculture. Pulmonary function studies, dust levels, serological testing, hearing testing and noise level production, and cholinesterase levels are but a few of the tools that are available, and are helpful in looking for problems in this most vital industry in the United States.     

新型农村合作医疗补偿及知晓情况对住院利用影响研究

目的:评价新农合补偿水平及知晓情况对住院服务利用的影响。方法:使用2006和2008年混合横断面家庭调查数据,进行条件logit模型分析。结果:新农合提高60%的住院利用率,其实际补偿比提高1%,住院率提高6%。结论:提高新农合补偿比例,增强居民政策知晓程度,改善住院服务利用。