Protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid in methotrexate-induced ovarian oxidative injury and decreased ovarian reserve in rats

To determine whether the possible oxidative effect of methotrexate (Mtx) on ovary and to evaluate the effectiveness of alpha lipoic acid (ALA), which may be useful in many oxidative stress models.

Thirty-two female Wistar-albino rats were randomly divided into four groups; control group, alpha lipoic acid group (ALA 100?mg/kg, 10?days), multiple dose Mtx group (Mtx 1?mg/kg 1, 3, 5, 7?days) and Mtx and ALA group (Mtx 1?mg/kg 1, 3, 5, 7?days and ALA 100?mg/kg, 10?days). Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and total ovarian follicle count were evaluated.

Mtx administration caused a significant decrease in TAS, a significant increase in TOS and OSI, a significant increase in MDA levels and a decrease in GSH-Px and CAT activity. Moreover the proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) was increased in the Mtx group. And AMH values and total follicle count were significantly decreased in Mtx group. However, ALA treatment reversed biochemical results and AMH levels and total follicle count.

Alpha lipoic acid ameliorates methotrexate induced oxidative damage of ovarian in rats.     

Comparison of the morphokinetic parameters of embryos according to ovarian reserve in IVF cycles

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of ovarian reserve and age of women on early morphokinetic parameters of embryos with a time-lapse monitoring system. In total, 197 infertile couples with poor ovarian reserve (Group 1, n?=?41), normal ovarian reserve (Group 2, n?=?59), or polycystic ovaries (Group 3, n?=?97) were included. The time from insemination to the following events were analyzed: pronuclear fading (Pnf) and cleavage to 2, 3, 4 and 5 cells. The optimal ranges for morphokinetic parameters of t5, s2 and cc2 in each group were also evaluated. In total, 1144 embryos were evaluated. Morphokinetic parameters did not differ statistically between the groups. Data were analyzed according to different age groups (20–30, 30–40,?>40). The morphokinetic parameters did not differ statistically in Group 1 and 3. In Group 2, the times from insemination to tPnf, t2, t3, t4 were significantly shorter in the younger age group than the older age group (p?相似文献   

高龄备孕妇女常见妇科疾病及处理

目前高龄备孕,尤其是超过40岁甚至45岁的超高龄人群备孕皆在增多,妇产科医生面临的除高龄所带来的高危产科外,如何最优化处理此类人群的妇科疾病同样是项巨大挑战。高龄孕妇常见妇科疾病如子宫肌瘤、卵巢囊肿、宫颈上皮内瘤变、瘢痕憩室等,临床关注的焦点在于能否妊娠、孕前是否需手术、手术治疗对妊娠影响以及尽少破坏生育功能的手术技巧等方面。文章结合相关文献,对上述问题进行阐述。     

卵巢反应不良辅助生殖技术临床处理对策

卵巢反应不良是辅助生殖技术临床中最具有挑战性的难题。伴随我国高龄再生育女性的显著增加,如何处理卵巢反应不良已成为亟待解决的问题。文章从卵巢刺激方案、控制性超排卵中辅助用药的使用及合理的预处理方案等角度,阐述目前常用或可行的临床处理手段,为广大生殖医学临床医生针对卵巢反应不良患者制定个体化的治疗方案提供参考。     

Outcome of patients with advanced ovarian cancer who do not undergo debulking surgery: A single institution retrospective review

Objective

To assess the outcome of patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) who were treated without surgery, having received upfront chemotherapy and no interval debulking surgery (IDS).

Intake of selective beta blockers has no impact on survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

Background and objective

Some authors have claimed a significant impact of β-blocking agents on outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This study investigated the impact of concurrent medication with selective beta blockers (SBB) in patients undergoing primary treatment for EOC.

New 6(17)-epoxylathyrane diterpene: aellinane from Euphorbia aellenii induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in ovarian cancer cell line

Euphorbia species have been used in traditional medicine in many countries for the treatment of cancer. This article aims to evaluate the capability of a new lathyrane diterpene isolated from Euphorbia aellenii to induce apoptosis in the Caov-4 cell line to determine the underlying mechanism of its anticancer effects. A new 6(17)-epoxylathyrane diterpenes: aellinane from Euphorbia aellenii was evaluated for viability of Caov-4 cells by MTT method. Apoptosis induction by lathyrane diterpene was confirmed by annexin V-FITC/PI staining, and caspase-6 activation. The Bcl2 and Bax protein content were detected by Western blot analysis. Finally, we employed the fluorescent ROS detection kit and fluorochrome JC-1 to determine ROS levels and loss of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) in Caov-4 cells, respectively. The results show that lathyrane diterpene has significant cytotoxic effect against Caov-4 cells. The IC50 value was 45?μM. Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and caspase-6 activity assay confirmed that lathyrane diterpene is able to induce apoptosis in Caov-4 cells. The results also demonstrate that lathyrane diterpene up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 proteins. Moreover, apoptotic effect of lathyrane diterpene was also related to ROS production and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). This study demonstrated that lathyrane diterpene has profound activity against Caov-4 cells. Analysis of apoptosis-related proteins revealed that lathyrane diterpene triggered the mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis pathway, which led to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and activation of caspase-6. Therefore, we believe that lathyrane diterpene might be a promising natural compound in ovarian cancer therapy.     

高原地区妇女卵巢激素功能的改变

本文对撒拉、土、回、蒙、藏、汉６种民族２７６６名已婚妇女进行阴道脱落细胞检查。其中对不同民族生育期妇女筛选６００例，ＨＥ·巴氏染色，计数阴道涂片的底层细胞比例，结果提示：卵巢激素功能轻度低落占３８％，中度低落占１４．６６％，高度低落占０．５％，并与地区、民族、年龄分布不同有关。推测高原低氧对卵巢激素功能低落有一定的影响。     

Ovarian activity suppression by two different low-dose triphasic oral contraceptives

In an open, randomized study in an outpatient clinic of a large teaching hospital, thirty-one female volunteers with regular cycles and established ovulation by ultrasonography were given one of two triphasic oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol combined with levonorgestrel or desogestrel during six cycles of treatment. The main outcome measures were transvaginal ultrasonography and serum E₂ and P measurements in pill cycles 1, 3 and 6.

No ovarian activity was found in 10 subjects. Among the remaining 21 women who showed ovarian activity, most follicle-like structures developed in the pill-free week and decreased in size or disappeared in the first pill week. One women taking triphasic desogestrel had evidence of a luteinized unruptured follicle and one women taking triphasic levonorgestrel had a possible ovulation. The latter women also showed symptoms of lower abdominal pain. A statistically significant difference in ovarian activity between the two oral contraceptives could not be established. The two triphasic oral contraceptives suppressed ovarian activity to the same degree. A trend was seen towards increasing ovarian activity with duration of use in both treatment groups.     

Ovarian function during low-dose oral contraceptive use

Lowering the total steroid dose in modern oral contraceptives (OCs) has been connected with a higher incidence of ovarian follicle and cyst formation. To investigate the presence of ovarian follicles and cysts by means of vaginal ultrasonography and serum hormone determinations during use of two low-dose OCs, 65 volunteers were randomized to receive either 20 μg ethinylestradiol (EE) + 150 μg desogestrel (group A) or 35 μg EE + 250 μg norgestimate (group B) for a 2-month study period. At baseline, 39% of women in group A and 31% in group B exhibited at least one follicle <35 mm in diameter. By the end of the second treatment cycle, the frequency of these follicles had decreased to 14% in each group. Only one subject in the higher estrogen group developed an ovarian cyst >35 mm. One subject in each group demonstrated hormone levels characteristic of ovulation; no pregnancy occurred in either group. The 20 μg EE preparation was not found to lead more often to ovarian follicles or cysts when compared with a 35 μg EE preparation, possibly because of the type and dose of the progestogen used.