从兔外周血直接克隆B细胞κ轻链的可变区

目的 从兔外周血总RNA中直接扩增出B细胞κ轻链的可变区序列.方法 首先从IMGT/GENE-DB数据库中获取大耳白兔Ig胚系基因Vκ(IGKV)、Jκ(IGKJ)和Cκ(IGKC)的cDNA序列、设计引物,然后以非免疫兔外周血总RNA为模板进行RT-PCR扩增,回收产物并克隆到T载体,随机挑选单克隆测序,最终将序列提交到IMGT/V-QUEST,分析出每个克隆的Vκ-Jκ组合,并利用BioEdit的本地Blast程序比较出Cκ的基因型.结果 共设计出4对引物,其中引物对RK.C1[4-5-9]无产物,引物对RK.C1[1-2-7]、RK.C1[3-6-8]和RK.C2[1-2-3-4]有产物,分别回收、克隆到T载体后各挑取20个克隆,共获得51个克隆的插入子序列.没有任何2个克隆的插入子序列完全相同,每个克隆均包含完整的兔Vκ、Jκ及Cκ的5'端序列,其中Vκ-Jκ-IGKC1组合的克隆33个,Vκ-Jκ-IGKC2组合的克隆18个;68个Vκ胚系基因中有22个出现,其中频率最高的是IGKV1S10*01(12次),其次是IGKV1S36*01、IGKV1S37*01和IGKV1S4*01(各5次),其余均为3次以下;8个Jκ胚系基因中只有1个出现,为IGKJ1-2*01;2个Cκ基因的等位基因分别为IGKC1*01和IGKC2*03.33个Vκ-[IGKJ1-2*01]-[IGKC1*01]克隆中有17种不同的组合方式,其中频率最高的为[IGKV1S10*01]-[IGKJ1-2*01]-[IGKC1*01](7次).18个Vκ-[IGKJ1-2*01]-[IGKC2*03]克隆中有11种不同的组合方式,频率最高的为[IGKV1S10*01]-[IGKJ1-2*01]-[IGKC2*03](5次).Vκ-Jκ-Cκ组合方式相同的克隆,序列仍具有明显的差异.结论 利用自行设计的兼并引物,成功并特异地从兔外周血总RNA中直接扩增出了κ轻链的可变区,且产物具有良好的多样性,但所有Vκ-Jκ-Cκ组合中只出现了1种Jκ基因.     

Allergic skin disease: investigation of both immediate- and delayed-type hypersensitivity is essential

BACKGROUND: In our clinic we routinely patch test patients referred from occupational health for the investigation of latex contact urticaria. We also undertake both patch and prick testing (where indicated) in patients referred with persistent dermatitis/eczema. If investigation of allergic skin disease is undertaken by a non-dermatologist, it is unlikely that patch testing will be performed. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a retrospective analysis of patients who had been prick tested to establish whether an incomplete diagnosis would have been reached if patch testing had been omitted. METHODS: Details of patients who had attended for patch testing between July 2004 and December 2005 were analysed. Patients who had had prick tests and patch testing were identified. The outcomes of prick tests and patch testing were documented together with the clinical relevance. RESULTS: Three hundred and thirty out of 1060 patients referred to the clinic were prick tested. 54.2% patients were referred from dermatologists. 26.6% were referred from occupational health, 68 patients had positive reactions on prick testing of whom 36 had positive patch tests (52.9%), which were of current relevance in 27 patients (39.7%). Nine out of 106 health workers referred to exclude latex contact urticaria had positive prick tests to latex. Fifty of these patients demonstrated delayed-type hypersensitivity with nickel, cobalt, rubber and its additives being the most common allergens found. Of the 262 patients who had negative prick tests, 121 had positive patch tests (46.1%) of current relevance to patient history in 92 subjects (35.1%). While none of the six patients referred for investigation of reaction to local anaesthetics had a positive prick test, one was allergic to local anaesthetic on patch testing. CONCLUSION: Omission of patch testing from the investigation of allergic skin disease, even when contact urticaria may be the sole suspected diagnosis, would result in the frequent missed diagnosis of contact allergy. We recommend that patients with suspected allergic skin disease are investigated in an environment where investigation of both immediate- and delayed-type hypersensitivity can be undertaken. In particular, patients with atopic eczema, suspected latex rubber allergy, hand dermatitis (particularly occupational) and drug reactions should be targeted to receive both investigations.     

表面磁性膜医用316L不锈钢支架的生物相容性

目的 对表面磁性膜血管内支架进行生物相容性研究,为该支架的临床应用提供实验依据.方法 通过溶血实验、动态凝血时间实验、急性全身毒性实验、皮内刺激实验、细胞毒性实验、热源实验、过敏实验、体内植入实验综合评价表面磁性膜血管内支架的生物相容性.结果 表面磁性膜血管内支架无溶血反应及凝血功能的改变,无急性全身毒性反应,无热源反应,支架材料中不存在致敏性物质;支架材料动物体内植入在初期有轻度的炎性反应,12周后炎性反应基本消失,未见炎性细胞浸润积聚现象.结论 表面磁性膜血管内支架具有良好的生物相容性,其应用于临床具有可行性和安全性.     

Characterization of a new HLA-B allele, HLA-B*5312, and re-evaluation of the published sequences of the untranslated regions of HLA-B*35 and HLA-B*53

We report a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B allele, HLA-B*5312. Compared with HLA-B*530101, there is one silent substitution at nucleotide 438 and two non-synonymous substitutions at nucleotides 431 and 440, causing a change of the amino acid sequence (Asn-->Ser at codon 77 and Ile-->Thr at codon 80, respectively) within the Bw4 epitope. In contrast to the published sequences (IMGT/HLA Database, version 2.16.0, January 2007), we found that HLA-B*530101 had a C instead of a T at nucleotide -221, whereas HLA-B*350101 had a C instead of an A at nucleotide 2992. According to our sequencing results, HLA-B*5312 resembles HLA-B*350101 regarding its sequence of the untranslated regions. HLA-B*5312 may have been the result of a double crossing over event during which HLA-B*350101 adopted a Bw4 motif.     

PLGA为佐剂的OVA纳米疫苗皮下注射可预防小鼠过敏反应性气道炎症和调节Th1/Th2反应

目的 探讨聚乳酸.羟基乙酸共聚物[poly（D,L-lactic-co-glycolic）acid,PLGA]包裹的卵清蛋白（OVA）纳米癌苗（POM）对哮喘小鼠的免疫治疗效果.方法 包裹不同剂量（低、中、高）的OVA纳米粒子和对照（OVA、空白纳米粒子、PBS）通过皮下注射给予小鼠,再用OVA进行致敏和激发,通过肺组织学、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）细胞计数、测定BALF和脾细胞培养上清液中细胞因子的含量,观察小鼠呼吸道炎症和免疫学改变.结果 肺部组织学和BALF中细胞计数结果显示,与PBS对照组相比,OVA治疗组、中剂量和高剂量OVA纳米组的肺部嗜酸性浸润显著减轻,BALF中总细胞和嗜酸性细胞显著减少.卸胞因子测定结果显示,与PBS对照组相比,中、高剂量OVA纳米组的BALF和脾细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ显著升高,Ⅱ,4水平显著降低.OVA治疗组中IL-4水平显著下降,而IFN-γ水平无显著差异.结论 OVA纳米疫苗可预防哮喘嗜酸性气道炎症,其可能的机制之一是调节了过敏性哮喘的Th1/Th2失平衡反应.     

Occult bone marrow involvement in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of a pilot study

AIMS: It is known that advanced stage disease in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confers a poor prognosis, and staging investigations are routinely performed at diagnosis, including a bone marrow (BM) biopsy. However, examination of the BM is usually limited to routine light microscopy, with the role of ancillary investigations remaining unestablished. The aim of this pilot study was to estimate the incidence of occult marrow involvement using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements, and to determine the impact on survival. METHODS: Clinical and pathological data were obtained on 36 patients diagnosed with DLBCL. Immunohistochemistry using CD3, CD45RO, CD20 and CD79a, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to look for IgH gene rearrangements were performed on formalin fixed BM trephines. RESULTS: Nine patients had morphologically apparent BM involvement. Occult marrow involvement was found in seven of 36 (19.4%) patients using the additional diagnostic modalities. When these cases were included with morphologically apparent cases in a proposed new definition of marrow involvement, the median survival of patients with BM involvement was statistically worse (p=0.02) than those without involvement. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that use of additional tests on BM at diagnosis can upstage disease for a proportion of patients, which appears to correlate adversely with survival.     

抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的单链抗体(scFv)筛选

目的筛选出抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的单链抗体。方法利用原核表达所获得的SARS病毒N蛋白,筛选人源单链抗体噬菌体展示库,经特异性的检测,以期得到抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白的特异单链抗体。结果获得了8个抗SARS病毒N蛋白的候选克隆。经测序,获得了编码抗体可变区的基因序列,并进行了原核表达。结论筛选得到的抗SARS-CoV病毒N蛋白单链抗体具有高度的特异性,可以用作临床实验或研究SARS病毒过程中快速检测SARSN蛋白或SARS病毒粒子的候选抗体。     

PLGA为佐剂的OVA纳米疫苗皮下注射可预防小鼠过敏反应性气道炎症和调节Thl/Th2反应

目的 探讨聚乳酸.羟基乙酸共聚物[poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic)acid,PLGA]包裹的卵清蛋白(OVA)纳米癌苗(POM)对哮喘小鼠的免疫治疗效果.方法 包裹不同剂量(低、中、高)的OVA纳米粒子和对照(OVA、空白纳米粒子、PBS)通过皮下注射给予小鼠,再用OVA进行致敏和激发,通过肺组织学、支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)细胞计数、测定BALF和脾细胞培养上清液中细胞因子的含量,观察小鼠呼吸道炎症和免疫学改变.结果 肺部组织学和BALF中细胞计数结果显示,与PBS对照组相比,OVA治疗组、中剂量和高剂量OVA纳米组的肺部嗜酸性浸润显著减轻,BALF中总细胞和嗜酸性细胞显著减少.卸胞因子测定结果显示,与PBS对照组相比,中、高剂量OVA纳米组的BALF和脾细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ显著升高,Ⅱ,4水平显著降低.OVA治疗组中IL-4水平显著下降,而IFN-γ水平无显著差异.结论 OVA纳米疫苗可预防哮喘嗜酸性气道炎症,其可能的机制之一是调节了过敏性哮喘的Th1/Th2失平衡反应.     

中药心康口服液抗柯萨奇B3病毒RNA复制作用的研究

目的研究探讨中药心康口服液对感染心肌中柯萨奇B3病毒RNA复制的影响。方法小鼠感染柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)诱发急性病毒性心肌炎,于急性期治疗后提取鼠心肌总RNA,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术检测心肌CVB3RNA含量,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,在凝胶成像系统下观察。结果中药心康口服液能明显降低心肌CVB3-RNA的含量,与病毒对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.01;感染期不同阶段心肌病毒RNA含量的检测显示,心康口服液2个治疗组的病毒含量的检出,并没有随着用药时间的延长而显著降低。结论中药心康口服液能有效地影响心肌CVB3RNA的复制,其对病毒的作用是抑制复制而非杀灭。