荧光标记法比较4种表面处理方式种植体骨矿化沉积率的研究

目的荧光标记法观察比较4种表面处理方式种植体周围骨矿化沉积率的差异。方法微创拔除4只Beagle犬双侧下颌4颗前磨牙,待拔牙创愈合3个月后,植入奥齿泰种植体40颗,其中机械形态表面(ma-chined morphology,MM)组4颗,喷砂加酸蚀(sand blasted with alumina and acid etched,SA)组、可吸收性研磨介质(resorbable blasting media,RBM)组和生物化学喷砂酸蚀组(biochemistry sand blasted with alumina and acid etched,Bio-SA)组各12颗,愈合3个月,处死前13、14 d和3、4 d分别注射盐酸四环素和钙黄绿素,制取标本并置于70%酒精固定,采用塑料包埋技术制作骨磨片,荧光显微镜下观察,测量骨矿化沉积率。结果螺纹间及远离螺纹区域新骨矿化沉积率在4组间的差异均没有统计学意义(P>0.05);单独比较每组种植体螺纹间及远离区域骨矿化沉积率的差异性,RBM组及SA组组内差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05),而MM组和Bio-SA组组内差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用塑料包埋技术,通过荧光标记法能成功观察到新骨矿化沉积的情况;种植体植入3个月后,4种不同粗糙程度的种植体螺纹间及远离螺纹区域骨矿化沉积率没有差异性,而经机械形态表面处理的种植体和生物化学喷砂酸蚀处理的种植体,螺纹间骨矿化沉积比远离螺纹区域快。     

靶控输注不同浓度舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在乳腺良性肿块切除术中的麻醉效果分析

目的观察不同浓度舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在乳腺良性肿块切除术中的麻醉效果。方法选择2011年12月至2013年12月解放军第91中心医院收治的择期行乳腺良性肿块切除术患者205例,按照随机数字表法分为A组70例、B组69例、C组66例。麻醉诱导时分别调节三组患者血浆靶浓度为0.3、0.5及0.8μg/kg,比较三组患者麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后(T1)、气管插管时(T2)、手术切皮时(T3)、切皮后5 min(T4)及术毕(T5)6个时间段心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)的水平变化。同时记录三组患者呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间及不良反应情况。结果麻醉诱导后三组患者HR及MAP水平均较诱导前显著下降;A组患者在手术切皮时HR及MAP水平高于麻醉诱导后,B组患者HR及MAP水平T2^T5时间段处在相对较高水平,C组患者T1及T2T5时间段处在相对较高水平,C组患者T1及T2^T4时间段HR和MAP水平均处在较低水平且比较稳定,三组不同时点间HR、MAP的水平变化比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间及不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用丙泊酚联合较高浓度(0.8μg/kg)舒芬太尼可以使麻醉效果更加有效,且保证患者手术期间的血流动力稳定性,同时不会加重不良反应。     

替罗非班治疗支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤术中急性血栓形成

目的探讨动脉内灌注盐酸替罗非班在处理支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤时术中急性血栓的有效性及安全性。方法收集2013年1月至2017年6月11例行颅内动脉瘤栓塞术中发生血栓患者,发生血栓后,均于微导管内靶向灌注盐酸替罗非班6ml,同时静脉泵注5ml/h,然后每5~10分钟造影观察血管溶通情况,直至血栓消失或血管开通。术后进行CT或MRI随访,观察有无脑梗塞或脑出血。结果 11例术中造影血管均完全再通,术后第1天、第7天及术后1月行头颅CT或MRI检查,均未发现与手术相关脑梗塞和脑出血的发生。结论支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤时,术中出现急性血栓并发症时,经动脉靶向灌注盐酸替罗非班是一种安全、有效的方法。     

Antibacterial Drug Discovery & Development Summit

Over 100 senior researchers and managers from academic and industrial research organisations attended this 2-day annual international discovery summit on antibacterial R&D. A number of firms, particularly biotechnology firms, presented compounds that are advancing through clinical development. In addition, areas for basic research and development included metallo-β-lactamases, ribosomal structural studies and phage-selected targets were described.     

Two-stage maxillary distraction osteogenesis using a modified external device: clinical outcome and complications

Rigid external distraction is currently used to correct severe maxillary hypoplasia. The purpose of this retrospective study was to present the clinical results and complications of a two-stage surgical approach using a modified external distraction system that consists of maxillary distraction and then maxillary fixation. We treated eight patients with cleft lip and palate in this way from 2016 to 2018. Lateral cephalograms taken before the first operation, after distraction, two weeks after the second operation, and one year after treatment were used to examine maxillofacial morphology. Velopharyngeal function was evaluated by a speech therapist. The mean movements of the maxilla forwards and downwards at Point A were 12.0 mm and 8.0 mm at the completion of distraction and those at Point B were 5.0 mm backwards and 9.7 mm downwards. Mouth opening was limited at this time, and was relieved after maxillary fixation. The mean relapse one year postoperatively was 24.3% horizontally and 52.5% vertically. Velopharyngeal function was unchanged by the operation. We conclude that the method has advantages that include the short duration of wearing distractors and increased acceptance by patients. The modified external device advanced the midface sufficiently.     

巧用3L 透明输液贴改良腔镜器械

近年来，腹腔镜下脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术逐步成熟，越来越多的临床医师开始应用这项技术［1］。我院对腹腔镜脾切除技术进行了改良，使腹腔镜手术的创伤更小，更能显示微创优势，并进行了相关报道［2］。我院手术室将3 L透明输液贴应用于该类手术，取得了良好效果，现报告如下。     

弹射式单兵快速骨髓腔输液器在急危重患者抢救中的应用

目的验证骨髓腔输液在急危重症患者抢救中的应用效果。方法对2014年1-3月来我院急诊的15例危重患者,在90s内未成功建立外周静脉通道时,进行了骨髓腔穿刺并输液,做好全程护理。结果 15例患者穿刺成功率为100%,均未发生相关并发症。结论骨髓腔输液快速便捷,操作简单易行,能作为急危重症患者抢救输液通道建立的操作方法。     

Acute effects of alcohol on brain perfusion monitored with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging in young adults

While a number of studies have established that moderate doses of alcohol increase brain perfusion, the time course of such an increase as a function of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) has not yet been investigated, and studies differ about regional effects. Using arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated (1) the time course of the perfusion increase during a 15-minute linear increase of BrAC up to 0.6 g/kg followed by a steady exposure of 100 minutes, (2) the regional distribution, (3) a potential gender effect, and (4) the temporal stability of perfusion effects. In 48 young adults who participated in the Dresden longitudinal study on alcohol effects in young adults, we observed (1) a 7% increase of global perfusion as compared with placebo and that perfusion and BrAC are tightly coupled in time, (2) that the increase reaches significance in most regions of the brain, (3) that the effect is stronger in women than in men, and (4) that an acute tolerance effect is not observable on the time scale of 2 hours. Larger studies are needed to investigate the origin and the consequences of the effect, as well as the correlates of inter-subject variations.