子痫前期患者胎盘及血浆uPA、TGF-β1含量变化及意义

目的探讨子痫前期患者胎盘及血浆uPA和TGF-β1含量的变化及其在子痫前期发病中的意义。方法采用ELISA法测定57例子痫前期患者（轻度24例,重度33例）和30例正常晚孕妇女（对照组）胎盘及血浆uPA和TGF-β1含量。结果 1.对照组胎盘uPA含量为（32.62±2.85）ng/g,子痫前期组为（11.42±4.67）ng/g,两组差异有极显著性（P〈0.001）;重度组明显低于轻度组,差异有极显著性（P〈0.001）;对照组胎盘TGF-β1含量为（0.83±0.21）ng/g,子痫前期组为（1.12±0.37）ng/g,两组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;轻、重度组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。2.对照组血浆uPA含量为（649.47±41.12）pg/ml,子痫前期组为（466.61±34.68）pg/ml,两组差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;轻、重度组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。对照组血浆TGF-β1含量为（9.617±4.19）ng/ml,子痫前期组为（13.30±4.57）ng/ml,两组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;轻、重度组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。3.子痫前期患者胎盘及血浆中二者含量呈负相关（r=-0.652,P〈0.001,r=-0.491,P〈0.01）。结论子痫前期患者胎盘及血浆uPA含量异常下降、TGF-β1含量异常升高与其发病及严重程度有关。     

彩色多普勒超声在胎盘植入中的诊断价值

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声（ CDFI）在胎盘植入（ PI）中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2010-01～2013-11经手术及病理证实的56例PI患者的超声声像图特征、血流分布和血流动力学变化情况。结果56例PI患者,CDFI成功检出38例,漏诊18例,检出率为67.9％。结论 CDFI检查有助于PI的检出,结合病史,重点分析血流分布特点有助于降低PI漏误诊率。     

The use of cell salvage in women undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for abnormal placentation

BackgroundAlthough transfusion of autologous blood obtained from cell salvage has increased, its role in obstetric practice remains controversial. This case series reports the use of cell salvage in an attempt to avoid allogeneic transfusion in women undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta.MethodsThis prospective observational study, conducted in a large public maternity hospital, included 41 women with an antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta, of whom 20 underwent cesarean hysterectomy and 15 received autologous blood after cell salvage. Intraoperative cell salvage was used for autologous blood transfusion, and salvaged blood was monitored for prewash and postfiltration squamous cells, fetal hemoglobin, and potassium concentration. Pre- and postoperative hemoglobin, platelet count and coagulation profile were compared.ResultsTwenty women underwent caesarean hysterectomy. Cell-salvaged blood was collected in 18 women and re infused in 15 women (83.3%). The mean volume of reinfused salvaged blood was 1476 ± 247 mL. Mean potassium concentrations (1.4 ± 1.2 versus 3.7 ± 0.42 mEq/L) and median squamous cell counts (0 [0–1] versus 8 [3–12]/high power field) were significantly lower postfiltration compared to prewash values. There were no instances of intraoperative or postoperative amniotic fluid embolism, hypotension, sepsis or coagulopathy. Of the 15 women who received autologous blood, 13 (86.7%) did not require allogeneic red blood cell transfusion.ConclusionsAutologous transfusion of salvaged blood can be used to minimize allogeneic transfusion in women undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta.     

子痫前期患者血清及胎盘组织中TGF-β_1的表达探讨

目的:探讨子痫前期(PE)患者外周血、新生儿脐血血清和胎盘组织中转化生长因子β_1(TGF-β_1)的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用病例-对照研究方法,对2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日在本院产检并分娩的正常妊娠组(对照组,n=50)和PE组(n=54,其中早发型PE组29例,晚发型PE组25例)使用酶联免疫吸附法及蛋白印迹法分别检测两组孕妇外周血、新生儿脐血血清及胎盘组织中TGF-β_1表达水平,分析与临床指标的关系。结果:①两组在入组年龄、分娩孕周、定期产检、最高收缩压、舒张压、新生儿体质量、血肌酐、尿酸、白蛋白方面差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。②PE组孕妇外周血血清中TGF-β_1水平与年龄负相关(r=-0.289,P0.05),与发病孕周、最高血压、新生儿体质量、白蛋白、血肌酐、尿酸无明显相关(P0.05)。③早发型P E组和晚发型PE组孕妇外周血血清TGF-β_1水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),但新生儿脐血血清TGF-β_1水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。④早发型PE组和晚发型PE组孕妇胎盘组织中TGF-β_1的表达水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),早发型PE组、晚发型PE组TGF-β_1蛋白表达水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:TGF-β_1可能参与PE的病理生理和发病机制,随着年龄的增长,其在母体外周血血清表达越低。孕晚期检测母体外周血血清TGF-β_1水平,可能有助于高危人群的筛查。     

Human amnion epithelial cells expressing HLA-G as novel cell-based treatment for liver disease

Despite routine liver transplantation and supporting medical therapies, thousands of patients currently wait for an organ and there is an unmet need for more refined and widely available regenerative strategies to treat liver diseases. Cell transplants attempt to maximize the potential for repair and/or regeneration in liver and other organs. Over 40 years of laboratory pre-clinical research and 25 years of clinical procedures have shown that certain liver diseases can be treated by the infusion of isolated cells (hepatocyte transplant). However, like organ transplants, hepatocyte transplant suffers from a paucity of tissues useful for cell production. Alternative sources have been investigated, yet with limited success. The tumorigenic potential of pluripotent stem cells together with their primitive level of hepatic differentiation, have limited the use of stem cell populations.Stem cell sources from human placenta, and the amnion tissue in particular are receiving renewed interest in the field of regenerative medicine. Unlike pluripotent stem cells, human amnion epithelial (AE) cells are easily available without ethical or religious concerns; they do not express telomerase and are not immortal or tumorigenic when transplanted. In addition, AE cells have been reported to express genes normally expressed in mature liver, when transplanted into the liver. Moreover, because of the possibility of an immune-privileged status related to their expression of HLA-G, it might be possible to transplant human AE cells without immunosuppression of the recipient.     

Neuraxial anesthesia and postoperative opioid administration for cesarean delivery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum disorder: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThere is no consensus on optimal anesthetic and analgesic management of patients presenting for cesarean delivery with suspected placenta accreta spectrum disorder. Neuraxial anesthesia is preferred for uncomplicated procedures, but general anesthesia may be indicated for those at risk of hemorrhage and hysterectomy. We compared the effect of anesthesia techniques on postoperative maternal opioid administration and neonatal respiratory distress.MethodsA single-center retrospective study from 2016 to 2019 using electronic records to identify singleton pregnancies with a high index of suspicion of placenta accreta spectrum disorder. Patients were categorized by the anesthetic technique they received: general, neuraxial, or neuraxial with conversion to general anesthesia following delivery. Postoperative maternal opioid administration (oral morphine in mg equivalents) and risk of neonatal respiratory distress were compared using linear mixed models.ResultsThirty-nine records were analyzed. Mean-adjusted oral morphine mg equivalents were 192 for patients receiving general anesthesia vs. 90 for neuraxial anesthesia only (P=0.009) and 104 for neuraxial with conversion to general anesthesia (P=0.052). Neonates delivered under general anesthesia had a 3.5 times relative risk (95% CI 1.3 to 9.8, P=0.017) of respiratory distress compared with those exposed to neuraxial anesthesia alone.ConclusionPatients receiving general anesthesia alone were administered more opioids than those undergoing neuraxial anesthesia or neuraxial with conversion to general anesthesia. This finding was maintained when accounting for whether or not the patient underwent hysterectomy. Deciding on anesthetic management requires consideration of patient comorbidities, severity of placenta accreta spectrum pathology, and surgical requirements.     

超声诊断孕早中期胎盘植入

目的观察孕早中期超声诊断胎盘植入的价值。方法回顾性分析经引产手术证实的10例孕早中期胎盘植入的临床资料,观察孕早中期胎盘植入的超声声像图特点。结果 10例中,9例有剖宫产手术史。术前超声诊断胎盘植入6例,主要表现为胎盘低置,胎盘与子宫肌层间界限不清,胎盘后血流信号丰富、肌层变薄。术前超声漏诊4例。引产后48h复查超声,10例均见宫内胎盘植入残留表现。结论胎盘与子宫肌层间界限不清、胎盘后血流信号丰富及肌层变薄等二维超声图像特点对诊断孕早中期胎盘植入具有高度临床价值。     

前置胎盘对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨前置胎盘对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2012年5月-2013年5月本院63例前置胎盘孕产妇为观察组,同时期的63例健康孕产妇为对照组,统计比较两组孕产妇及新生儿情况,比较观察组中不同前置胎盘类型者的统计结果。结果观察组中孕产妇及新生儿情况均差于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且观察组中不同前置胎盘类型者的结果差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论前置胎盘对母婴的危害极大,且以完全性前置胎盘为重,部分性前置胎盘次之,边缘性前置胎盘的危害性相对最小。