Injured worker helplessness: Critical relationships and systems level approach for intervention

An appropriate paradigm for explaining the evident problems of motivating the workers' compensation claimant toward occupational recovery may be found in the learned helplessness model. This article examines the critical relationships in the workers' compensation system and the potential for development of the injured worker helplessness within that system. The author offers the learned helplessness model as an alternative framework through which injured worker behavior can be explained and understood. It is suggested that the non-contingent rewards and the uncontrollable dynamics characteristic of workers' compensation systems lead to claimants' learning helplessness. Finally, a total quality managed disability prevention system is offered as the organization's best approach to reducing the likelihood of learned helplessness.     

广东省儿童乙型肝炎疫苗纳入计划免疫管理10年后血清学效果分析

为研究广东省乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗纳入计划免疫管理 10年后儿童血清乙肝病毒感染标志物 (HBVM )的变化 ,采用分层多阶段随机抽样法 ,将全省分 4层 ,共抽取 12个县 2 4个村的 196 3名儿童为研究样本。采血用固相放射免疫法 (SPRIA)检测乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)、乙肝病毒核心抗体 (抗 HBc)、乙肝病毒表面抗体 (抗 HBs)。2 0 0 2年调查 1～ 14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为 78 81% ,全程接种率为 74 17%。其中 1～ 9岁儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率为 81 73% ,10～ 14岁为 6 0 32 %。 1～ 14岁儿童HBsAg携带率、抗 HBc阳性率、HBV感染率分别从 1992年的 19 86 %、5 3 5 9%、71 4 1%降至 2 0 0 2年的 8 5 6 %、2 2 5 7%、31 33%。其中 1～ 9岁儿童的HBsAg携带率、抗 HBc阳性率、HBV感染率分别从 1992年的 17 88%、4 7 0 9%、6 7 4 4 %下降至 2 0 0 2年的 5 75 %、14 4 9%、2 1 81%。乙肝疫苗接种后 ,1～ 3岁儿童抗 HBs阳性率为 5 2 0 2 %～ 6 2 18%。由于实施了加强免疫 ,4～ 14岁儿童的抗 HBs维持在 5 9 32 %～ 6 5 80 %。广东省乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理 10年后 ,全省 1～ 14岁儿童HBV感染率已大幅度下降 ,抗 HBs阳性率大幅度升高 ,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。     

Labman and Linkman: A data management system specifically designed for genome searches of complex diseases

Two programs have been developed to manage linkage analysis data. The first program, LABMAN, is a comprehensive laboratory data management system organizing pedigrees, blood DNA samples, DNA markers, Southern blot or polyacrylamide gels, autoradiographs, and marker-allele typings generated from these samples. Output includes mendelization checks for genetic incompatibilities in typings and formatted files ready for linkage analysis. LABMAN can also compress highly polymorphic allele systems into smaller allele systems facilitating analysis of large systems. The second program, LINKMAN, provides data management for lod score output from linkage analyses. It reads linkage analysis output files, calculates lod scores by family, associates lod scores with specific marker and family identifiers, and stores these data in a database where they can be combined with lod scores from previous analyses. LINKMAN easily incorporates any of a wide variety of genetic models. It produces formatted output of lod scores by user-specified criteria for reports or as ASCII files for input to other programs. If desired, tests of homogeneity of linkage across families can be run via the HOMOG program [Ott, 1991] and their output included in reports. The programs include features critical for conducting genome searches of complex diseases: They are easy-to-use, well-tested, and reliable. Data from multi-center investigations can be easily combined for analysis. Moreover, they include extensive error-checking capabilities, and they are specifically set up to protect blindness between laboratory workers and data analysts. LABMAN and LINKMAN are currently available free of charge under DOS. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

集成电路芯片生产的职业病危害特点

目的 研究集成电路芯片制造中作业人员的操作特点、接触职业病危害种类以及事故类型。方法 对集成电路芯片制造的生产流程、职业病危害及接触状况的资料进行收集整理。结果 根据生产流程中使用的设备及芯片制造所用原辅材料，论述了生产过程中各设备和操作工序涉及的各类高度、中度毒性化学物质、工艺特殊气体以及电离辐射和非电离辐射等职业病危害因素、作业人员操作特点和易发事故种类。结论 集成电路芯片制造中职业病危害问题值得关注。     

162例气管插管患者的气道管理

笔者通过报道162例气管插管患者的气道管理，阐述痰痂形成的原因：(1)气道干燥，湿化不够。(2)吸痰管插入深度不够，吸痰不彻底。管理措施：(1)用金霉素眼膏润滑吸痰管，使之易于插入，保证吸痰管插入深度超过插管远端3-5cm。(2)预防气道干燥，注重湿化效果，重视吸痰环节。认为气囊不需定时放气，只需不定时调整气囊压力。     

大型医院病案信息化的管理与实践

病案作为医学临床信息的重要载体，只有将其进行海量存储、快速查阅、远程传输，使之活跃起来，才能真正地满足医疗、教学、科研和管理的需要。将传统的纸质病案进行扫描后保存为光盘，并存入光盘镜像服务器中，实现了网上实时访问、检索、查询、浏览和传输功能，并可以利用病案管理软件进行相应的统计和分析。为医疗信息资源进一步开发和利用，探索了一条大型医院病案信息化管理的有效途径。     

医院设备维修管理

文章根据设备的磨损和故障规律，分析了如何对设备进行定期检查和保养，对故障设备进行维修的方法以及建立维修登记制度的必要性，并提出使全体员工都参加到设备管理之中，对设备的整个使用寿命周期进行一生维护的观点。     

基于网络环境下的教学设备管理信息系统

本文介绍了教学设备网络管理系统模型及其技术指标、软硬件环境、功能、程序设计和主要特点。     

Spontaneous mesenteric hemorrhage associated with ehlers-danlos syndrome

The vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a genetic disorder of connective tissue and is frequently associated with catastrophic arterial complications. Its surgical treatment is extremely difficult because of the fragility of vessels. This article describes three patients with vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome who developed mesenteric hemorrhage due to spontaneous arterial rupture. The clinical and molecular characteristics of the disease are briefly reviewed.