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21.
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Examined are several measures currently used in the assessment of child abuse, sexual abuse, and trauma. These measures include
structured clinical interviews, self report measures, screening inventory, symptom checklist, and some measures that include
decision making properties. Issues and implications for clinical practice are explored. 相似文献
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24.
HPCE法测定蛹虫草及其培养物中核苷类化合物的含量 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 建立蛹虫草中核苷类化合物的高效毛细管电泳测定法 ,比较天然蛹虫草及其培养物中核苷类化合物的含量。方法 在HV - 30 1高效毛细管电泳仪上进行定量分析 ,采用石英毛细管柱 ,以pH9.0的 4 0mmol·L-1 硼砂溶液作为电极缓冲液 ;分离电压为 1 6KV ;检测波长为 2 5 4nm。结果 天然蛹虫草中核苷类化合物主要集中在子座部分。人工培养蛹虫草子座和菌丝中虫草素的含量分别是天然蛹虫草子座中的 5 .0 4倍和 1 0 .85倍 ;液体培养蛹虫草菌丝中腺嘌呤、腺苷、尿苷、鸟苷含量均高于固体培养蛹虫草子座。结论 天然蛹虫草及其培养物中核苷类化合物的种类和含量具有较大的差异。高效毛细管电泳法可以用于蛹虫草的定量分析 ,具有分离度高、简便、准确 ,样品消耗少等特点 相似文献
25.
Validation of a self-administered diet history questionnaire using multiple diet records 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
Gladys Block Margo Woods Arnold Potosky Carolyn Clifford 《Journal of clinical epidemiology》1990,43(12):1327-1335
The validity of a self-administered diet history questionnaire has been estimated using as the reference data the mean of three 4-day diet records collected over the year prior to the administration of the questionnaire, in 1985–1986. Subjects were women ages 45–70 years, participants in the Women's Health Trial Feasibility Study, a multi-center clinical trial in which some women were randomized to be taught to adopt and maintain a low-fat diet, while others maintained their usual diet. The questionnaire produced group mean nutrient estimates closely approximating the values obtained by three 4-day records, e.g. in the usual-diet group, 37.7% of calories from fat by both food records and by questionnaire, and in the low-fat, group, 21.3% of calories from fat by food records and 23.7% of calories from fat by questionnaire. Correlations between questionnaire and diet records for per cent of calories from fat were 0.67 and 0.65 respectively in the two groups; most correlations were in the 0.5–0.6 range, and were similar to those achievable by a single 4-day food record. 相似文献
26.
P M Sobczak M D Fottler D Chastagner 《The International journal of health planning and management》1988,3(1):19-34
The French hospital system is experiencing economic stresses similar to those experienced by US hospitals. Pressures for cost containment have occurred due to changes in health care funding. The public hospital system is facing unprecedented severe retrenchment. Innovative strategies for managing retrenchment have been restricted by regulatory and philosophical constraints. What is needed is to provide more autonomy for individual hospital managers together with greater accountability for achievement of results. 相似文献
27.
试论新世纪初期医院综合院力评价 总被引:30,自引:17,他引:13
作者阐述了医院综合院力的内涵与提出背景,提出了新世纪初期综合院力的评价内容体系,即一级评价内容7项,二级评价内容39项,三级评价内容15l项,并就各指标评价内容进行了讨论分析。 相似文献
28.
Objective: To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability, validity etc.) of a comprehensive Quality of Life (QOL) tool, for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), that was adapted from a previously validated cancer tool. Design: Cross-sectional, patient completed written surveys and interviews. Setting: The Medical Centers serving HIV infected patients in the Los Angeles community including UCLA, community physicians, Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, and a County hospital: and additional data contributed from Johns Hopkins University Medical Center CMV Retinitis Clinic. Patients: Patients (n=318) with HIV infection including asymptomatic (37%), ARC (20%), AIDS (25%) and AIDS with Cancer (18%) receiving health services at one of the above sites. Measurements: The patients self-administered the newly developed instrument, the HOPES (HIVOverview ofProblems-EvaluationSystem), other QOL related tools including the Medical Outcomes Study instrument adapted for HIV (MOS-HIV) the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Perceived Adjustment to Chronic Illness Scale (PACIS), and the Physical Activity Scale (PAS). Brief interview to assess the Karnofsky Performance Status Score (KPS). Measured sociodemographic characteristics included age, sex, race, HIV risk factor, education etc. Assessed medical history, current medications, HIV clinical classification. Main results: The sociodemographic and medical characteristics of the sample resemble those of the general population with HIV infection in this geographic area: 96% male, 28% nonwhite, 84% homosexual contact as risk factor, 75% receiving antiretroviral therapy. The adaptation of the cancer QOL instrument to HIV appears to have face and content validity according to patients and health professionals who care for HIV infected patients. Analyses of the psychometric properties found that the HOPES has a similar structure to its parent instrument following factor analyses which results in five summary scales representing the Physical, Psychosocial, Medical Interaction, Sexual and Significant Other/Partners domains in addition to a Global Score. Internal consistency of 35 subscales is high with a mean alpha coefficient of 0.82. Correlations of the HOPES summary scales with other QOL instruments are in the predicted directions. Comparing patients within the HIV clinical diagnostic categories on the HOPES Global, Physical, and Psychosocial Summary Scales indicates that Asymptomatic Patients have better QOL than symptomatic patients. This finding is also found in the other QOL instruments which provides evidence of construct validity. Conclusions: The HOPES is an excellent tool for identifying the problems and needs of patients with HIV infection and for assessing their quality of life. It is reliable, valid and acceptable to patients. The tool may be especially useful in developing a normative data base.This paper is dedicated to the memory of Jimmy Stophel who died of AIDS and whose sense of humour improved the quality of many people's lives.This research was supported in part by the UCLA AIDS Clinical Research Center and CARES Consultants. To obtain information about the HOPES, please contact C. A. Coscarelli Schag, CARES Consultants, 2210 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 359, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA. 相似文献
29.
An assessment of medical students' psychiatric performance demonstrated no association between the ability to rate psychopathology or to observe interview behaviour and traditional written methods of academic achievement. This is in accordance with those few studies which have addressed this issue and indicates that there may well be at least three independent skills involved in clinical decision-making: the ability to engage in interpersonal interaction and elicit information; and the ability to acquire and use academic knowledge. This is consistent with work suggesting that maturational and learning processes influence clinical reasoning, and demonstrates that each component should be addressed in assessing students in psychiatry. 相似文献
30.
W. G. Selley FDS Hon FCST R. E. Ellis MPhil F. C. Flack PhD C. R. Bayliss MB B Chir FRCR V. R. Pearce MB FRCP 《Dysphagia》1994,9(3):162-167
Simultaneous recording of adult subjects sipping small amounts of fluid from a cup have been obtained by videofluoroscopy together with feeding respiratory patterns and swallow sounds from the Exeter Dysphagia Assessment Technique (EDAT). These allowed visual representations of respiration and swallow sounds to be superimposed on a videofluoroscopy recording using a split-screen technique. Sequentially numbered, 1/50 sec, half-frame photographic prints were examined and schematic drawings of the relevant radiographs were made. These were superimposed on to the actual EDAT printed chart of the same swallow event, theri exact time relationship with respiration and cervical swallow sounds being preserved. The results allow events in the barium videofluoroscopy to be related to events in the feeding respiratory pattern and swallow sounds recorded by EDAT. 相似文献