帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症疗效及社会功能研究

帕利哌酮是非典型抗精神病药利培酮的活性代谢产物9-羟利培酮,为苯并异噁唑的衍生物,主要通过阻断5-羟色胺2A(5-HT 2A)受体和多巴胺D2(DA2)受体发挥抗精神病的作用.笔者对帕利哌酮缓释片的疗效、安全性及社会功能进行了研究,现报道如下.     

帕利哌酮对精神分裂症患者临床症状、认知功能及神经营养因子的影响

目的探讨帕利哌酮对精神分裂症患者的临床症状、认知功能及神经营养因子水平的影响,为临床精神分裂症的合理用药提供参考。方法选取在天津市安定医院住院的符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)精神分裂症诊断标准的患者60例为研究组,同期选取60例健康志愿者作为对照组。研究组接受帕利哌酮治疗12周。于治疗前后采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定研究组临床症状;采用Stroop测验(SCWT)、数字符号编码测验(DSCT)、持续操作测验(CPT)和连线测验A(TMTA)评定对照组和研究组认知功能;采用酶联免疫吸附技术检测两组血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经生长因子(NGF)和神经营养因子3(NT-3)水平。结果研究组治疗前后PANSS总评分比较差异有统计学意义[(78.12±11.84)分vs.(38.45±7.24)分,Z=24.14,P0.01];治疗后,研究组认知功能指标(SCWT、CPT、DCST及TMTA时间)、BDNF、NGF及NT-3水平均较治疗前高,但仍低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01)。结论帕利哌酮有助于改善精神分裂症患者的临床症状和认知功能,治疗机制可能与上调血清神经营养因子水平有关。     

帕利哌酮与氟哌啶醇治疗儿童抽动障碍对照研究

目的：比较利帕利哌酮与氟哌啶醇治疗儿童抽动障碍(tic disorders, TD)的疗效及不良反应。方法对该院2012年1月—2014年3月门诊收治的60例儿童抽动障碍患者(年龄8～16岁)随机分成两组,分别给予利帕利哌酮与氟哌啶醇,其中帕利哌酮组30例,氟哌啶醇组30例,疗程8周。分别采用耶鲁抽动症状严重程度量表(Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, YGTSS)和不良反应量表(treatment emergent symptom scale, TESS)对治疗前、治疗后第2、4、8周的治疗效果和不良反应进行评估。结果帕利哌酮组和氟哌啶醇组治疗2周后YGTSS 总分均明显下降,帕利哌酮组治疗2周的YGTSS减分率高于氟哌啶醇组,帕利哌酮组与氟哌啶醇组治疗总体有效率分别为90.0%和66.7%(P<0.05),帕利哌酮组与氟哌啶醇组不良反应发生率分别为20.0%和76.7%(P<0.01)。结论帕利哌酮与氟哌啶醇都有效治疗儿童抽动障碍,但帕利哌酮的疗效优于氟哌啶醇,不良反应少,耐受性好,可推荐用于儿童治疗。     

Clinical improvement,relapse and treatment adherence with paliperidone palmitate 1-month formulation: 1-year treatment in a naturalistic outpatient setting

Purpose: To evaluate paliperidone palmitate 1-month formulation (PP1M) effectiveness in a naturalistic outpatient psychiatric setting.

Materials and methods: We collected data from 50 outpatients affected by schizophrenia disorders treated with PP1M for 12 months in an Italian Mental Health Department. After analyzing selected demographic, clinical and pharmacological variables, we performed mirror analysis to compare psychiatric hospitalizations and urgent consultations required by the same patient 6 and 12 months before and after PP1M implementation (primary outcome). We analyzed clinical improvement in symptom (Clinical Global Impression-severity and improvement) and functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning) scales and drop-out rate during the 12-month PP1M treatment (secondary outcome). Data were statistically analyzed.

Results: The mean PP1M dose was 93.5?mg (±27.7 SD) with a mean interval between each injection of 27.1 d (±4.5 SD). Twenty-three patients (46%) reported adverse effects (sexual dysfunctions, weight gain and extrapyramidal symptoms).Fifteen patients (30%) dropped out after 137.2 d (±103.1 SD) on average: six due to the lack of therapeutic adherence, six due to inefficacy and three due to adverse events. The drop-out patients presented more severe clinical profile in CGI-S and GAF scores at T0 in comparison with others. At mirror analysis, 12-month but not 6-month PP1M treatment statistically significantly reduced psychiatric hospitalizations (t?=?2.3, p?t?=?2.1, p?Conclusions: This naturalistic study indicates that long-term PP1M treatment was safe and effective in preventing hospitalizations and urgent consultations as well as in improving clinical course.     

帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮治疗精神分裂症和分裂样精神病的对照研究

目的：观察帕利哌酮缓释片（芮达）与利培酮治疗精神分裂症和分裂样精神病临床疗效、社会功能差异。方法：82例符合诊断标准的精神分裂症或精神分裂样精神病患者被随机分为帕利哌酮缓释片组（n=42）与利培酮组（n=40）进行4周的治疗和观察,在治疗后第1周末、第2周末、第3周末、第4周末比较两组之间阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）减分率、临床疗效总评量表（CGI）减分率和个体和社会功能量表（PSP）分值的差异。结果：PANSS减分率,帕利哌酮缓释片组在治疗后第1周末、第2周末、第3周末、第4周末均明显高于利培酮组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗后第4周末,CGI减分率帕利哌酮缓释片组明显高于利培酮组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;PSP分值,帕利哌酮缓释片组在治疗后第1周末、第2周末、第3周末、第4周末均明显高于利培酮组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：帕利哌酮缓释片可以明显改善精神分裂症和分裂样精神病患者的精神病性症状及社会功能。