异硫氰酸苯己酯调控肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721组蛋白乙酰化及诱导细胞凋亡

目的 研究异硫氰酸苯己酯(PHI)对肝癌SMMC-7721细胞组蛋白乙酰化调控及凋亡的影响.方法 采用台盼蓝拒染直接计数法观察PHI对SMMC-7721细胞增殖的影响,采用原位末端标记(TUNEL)法检测PHI对SMMC-7721细胞凋亡的影响,采用Western blot法检测PHI对SMMC-7721细胞组蛋白乙酰化及凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响.结果 PHI可抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖,与0 μmol/L作用组比较,5、10、20、40和80 μmol/L的PHI对SMMC-7721细胞均有不同程度的增殖抑制作用.PHI可诱导SMMC-7721细胞产生凋亡,PHI作用于SMMC-7721细胞7 h后,10、20和40 μmol/LPHI组的细胞凋亡率分别为6.9%±2.4%、17.5%±4.2%和54.5%±5.4%,明显高于0 μmol/L PHI组(4.5%±2.3%,P＜0.05).PHI作用于SMMC-7721细胞3 h时,与0 μmol/L PHI组比较,10、20和40 μmol/L PHI组中Bcl-2、Procaspse-9和Procaspse-3的表达下降,caspase-9和caspase-3的表达上升,而Procaspase-8的表达未见明显变化;作用7 h时,这种变化趋势更加明显.PHI作用于SMMC-7721细胞3 h时,与0 μmol/L PHI组比较,10、20和40 μmol/L PHI组中组蛋白H3的乙酰化分别增加了1.87倍、2.43倍和3.67倍,组蛋白H4的乙酰化分别增加了1.29倍、1.45倍和2.25倍;作用7 h时,这种变化趋势更加明显.结论 PHI是一种组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂,可调控组蛋白的乙酰化水平,影响其表观遗传学,并通过线粒体凋亡途径诱导细胞凋亡.     

临床文本自动去识别方法比较

介绍临床文本自动去识别的常用方法,包括基于规则的方法、机器学习方法、综合方法等,阐述临床文本去识别研究在临床文本实用性、系统一般性和可扩展性等方面存在的挑战,分析今后的研究方向,为该领域研究者提供借鉴。     

Involvement of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in nicotine-induced relaxation of the rat gastric fundus

1. Nicotine-induced relaxation and release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI)-like immunoreactivity (LI) were measured in longitudinal muscle strips from the rat gastric fundus.
2. Under non-cholinergic conditions (0.3 μM atropine), nicotine (3–300 μM) produced concentration-dependent relaxations of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (3 μM)-precontracted strips. Under non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) conditions (0.3 μM atropine+1 μM phentolamine+1 μM nadolol), relaxations induced by sub-maximal nicotine concentrations (10 and 30 μM) were significantly smaller, while that produced by the highest concentration used (300 μM) was similar to that seen under non-cholinergic conditions.
3. Re-exposure to the same nicotine concentration 1 h later induced smaller relaxations, indicating desensitization. The reductions seen in the second responses were proportional to the concentration used.
4. Under non-cholinergic conditions, the relaxant response to 30 μM nicotine was abolished by hexamethonium (100 μM) and significantly reduced by tetrodotoxin (TTX, 3 μM). The TTX-resistant component was not observed under NANC conditions.
5. NANC relaxation induced by 30 μM nicotine was significantly reduced by a specific anti-VIP serum (approximately 35% less than that seen with normal rabbit serum).
6. Nicotine (30–300 μM) caused significant, concentration-dependent increases in the outflow of VIP- and PHI-LI from the strips; these effects were also diminished with re-exposure. The increases in both types of immunoreactivity evoked by nicotine (300 μM) were abolished by hexamethonium (300 μM), TTX (3 μM) and a calcium-free medium.
7. These findings indicate that VIP and possibly PHI are involved in NANC relaxation of the rat gastric fundus induced by nicotine.

     

交通事故智残者亲属的心理健康研究

目的探讨交通事故智残者亲属的心理特点 ,并给予心理干预。方法采用心理健康测查表和症状自评量表对 2 0 0名交通事故智残者亲属进行心理测查。结果智残者丈夫、妻子、父亲、母亲、儿子、女儿在PHI中SOM、DEP、ANX、PSD各量表分明显高于常模 (P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5 ) ;SCL 90中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐怖各因子分明显高于常模 (P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5 )。结论交通事故智残者亲属有较多的心理问题 ,必须给予心理疏导及一些药物治疗 ,具有潜在的经济效益和社会效益。     

Image Data Sharing for Biomedical Research—Meeting HIPAA Requirements for De-identification

Data sharing is increasingly recognized as critical to cross-disciplinary research and to assuring scientific validity. Despite National Institutes of Health and National Science Foundation policies encouraging data sharing by grantees, little data sharing of clinical data has in fact occurred. A principal reason often given is the potential of inadvertent violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act privacy regulations. While regulations specify the components of private health information that should be protected, there are no commonly accepted methods to de-identify clinical data objects such as images. This leads institutions to take conservative risk-averse positions on data sharing. In imaging trials, where images are coded according to the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard, the complexity of the data objects and the flexibility of the DICOM standard have made it especially difficult to meet privacy protection objectives. The recent release of DICOM Supplement 142 on image de-identification has removed much of this impediment. This article describes the development of an open-source software suite that implements DICOM Supplement 142 as part of the National Biomedical Imaging Archive (NBIA). It also describes the lessons learned by the authors as NBIA has acquired more than 20 image collections encompassing over 30 million images.     

弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）评分预测颅脑损伤进展性出血和预后的作用：352例分析

Coagulation abnormalities,such as disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC),are associated with progressive hemorrhagic injury(PHI)following head trauma.However,the exact relationship between coagulopathy and PHI remains unclear.The present study utilized a scoring system defined by the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis to investigate whether a high DIC score is predictive for PHI.This study was a multicenter prospective design involving four hospitals,a 6-month observation,and follow-up.Of 352 traumatic brain injury(TBI)patients,serial CT scan indicated approximately one third of patients developed progressive hemorrhage,which was most frequently observed in the frontal,temporal,and orbitofrontal lobes of patients with brain contusion.PHI-positive patients exhibited poor prognosis,as indicated by prolonged length of hospital/intensive care unit stay and high mortality.More importantly,a DIC score after TBI,as well as patient age and sex,could serve as predictors for PHI.In addition,DIC scores were closely associated with injury severity.Therefore,the DIC scoring system facilitated early PHI diagnosis in TBI patients,and DIC scores might serve as a valuable predictor for TBI patients with PHI.     

Protein-deficient diets. I. Activity of selected enzymes of protein and carbohydrate metabolism

Investigation of the enzymatic activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, fructosediphosphate aldolase and glucosephosphate isomerase in serum and liver homogenates has been undertaken in rats. Animals were fed on diets containing 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24% of protein for 24, 48, 72h and 1,2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks.The greatest changes in enzymatic activity were found in the rats fed on the diets containing the lowest levels of total protein. The influence of the dietary protein depletion on the rise in body weight, food consumption, liver weight, total level of serum proteins, protein feactions, and soluble liver protein has also been investigasted.     

Protecting medical record information: start your research registries today

OBJECTIVE: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 was enacted with the long-term goal of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. It has created sweeping changes for clinical medicine and research. Generally, the standards for privacy of individual, identifiable health information (the privacy rule) require patient consent before their protected health information (PHI) can be employed in clinical research. This rule requires that all patients sign an IRB approved informed consent before their identifiable clinical information can be aggregated with the information from other patients. This rule has been applied to ensure the privacy of health care data accrued previously. Accordingly, investigators have been blocked from using the aggregate data from prior clinical records and registries until consent is obtained from living, former patients. At the University of Pittsburgh Department of Otolaryngology, a clinical tumor registry was established in 1982. These data have served as the basis for over 200 publications reflecting practice-based learning. The present study quantifies the cost of HIPAA compliance to maintain access to our faculty's career-long clinical activities and to stress to all physicians the importance of research registries as a means of protecting their own career's work. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with the privacy rule required that written, informed consents be mailed to 14,330 former patients. This resulted in direct costs of more than $30,888. The practical and financial impact of HIPAA on clinical research and our departmental solutions to these challenges are discussed.