医院集成化信息管理系统在财务中的应用

1 引育计算机科学和信息技术应用与发展正将人类社会推进到信息时代,在高科技领域、医学与生命科学将成为二十一世纪的重点领域,随着电子技术、计算机技术、通信技术等信息技术在医学中的应用,世界发达国家已将医院信息系统 HIS(Hospital Information Sys-tem)、医疗信息服务系统及医学图像存储传输系统通过计算机网络连接起来,并在医院普及应用,产生了巨大的社会效益和经济效益,并促进医学、计算机和信息技术的发展,医疗卫生事业进入了崭新的信息     

医学院校PACS教学方法在影像教学中的应用

目的探讨PACS教学系统在影像教学中的应用价值。方法将2003级同一班级的40名影像医学专业学生按照学习成绩排列,采用随机分组的方法分成两组,采用PACS系统教学和传统多媒体教学的各20名。对相同内容进行教学,课后发放调查问卷并进行授课内容的考试阅片,以PACS多媒体教学效果的评价。结果①通过问卷调查,学生认为PACS系统教学方法优于多媒体教学方法（P〈0.01）。②采用PACS系统教学的学生成绩优于采用传统多媒体教学的学生成绩（P〈0.01）。结论PACS教学有利于提高学生的学习兴趣和学习效率,并有利于学生提高学习成绩。     

浅析PACS/RIS系统在核医学专科医师培训中的作用

专科医师培训是医师上岗前的临床规范培训阶段,PACS/RIS系统是现代医学影像的重要数字影像信息平台,本文介绍了PACS/RIS系统概念,分析了PACS/RIS系统在核医学专科医师培训中的优势、作用以及存在的问题。     

中小型医院PACS系统影像数据流的管理经验

目的:探讨PACS系统(Picture Archiving and Communication System)在中小型医院的管理与实际应用。方法:回顾我院PACS最初阶段的运行状况,是对PACS影像数据流实行分步管理:即影像数据的采集和转存。结果:对影像数据流的管理与控制后,使PACS系统能稳定运行。结论:通过对影像数据流的管理与控制是PACS功能有效运行的保证,也是中小型医院在减少投入提高工作效率的有效保证。     

多PACS系统整合方案及实施

介绍了目前多PACS下存在的问题，并提出将局部、孤立的多PACS整合成FULL-PACS的具体方案，以及在实施过程中涉及到的关键技术（如系统整合、数据汇交与共享等）和需要注意的问题。     

医学影像存档与通讯系统的开发、实施与系统集成体会

目的：通过程序开发、综合布线、系统集成等工序组建科室级医学影像存档与通讯系统（picture archiving and communication systems，PACS）实现放射科信息化。方法：根据科室影像设备的标准化程度，开发相应影像工作站或直接向DICOM服务器传输图像，建立科室局域网络。开发放射科信息系统（RIS）软件，集成各应用系统。结果：成功地实现了数字化图像在PACS内的传送、中心存储、终端工作站图像浏览；实现了病人数据流在RIS中的传输；实现了影像报告的计算机处理、在线二级审签、长期归档。结论：PACS提高了工作效率及管理水平，推动了放射科工作模式的变革；便于教学、科研和学习；规范化、计算机化的诊断报告质量优于人工书写报告。     

PACS的科学评估

通过介绍美国ECRI与KLAS的两次PACS评比,提出科学评估PACS优劣成败的原则,即在制定PACS的战略计划时,除了考虑体系结构、经费预算及实施方案外,还要包括投入产出分析,资本应急计划,资源利用战略以及质量控制与管理方案.PACS是医学影像诊断信息化的一项基础建设.其目的就是构建一个以比特流为载体(而不是以胶片为载体)的数字化医学影像诊断的网络平台或网络环境.它不是单一产品.多数情况下它也不仅仅是一个系统.实际上,PACS是一项信息化工程.因此,如何科学评估PACS建设的优劣成败至关重要.我国迄今尚无一个权威机构(包括政府机构、学术组织、行业协会……)对PACS进行过科学评估,甚至对评估标准也未有正式的文字共识,这不能不说是一大缺憾.而且,长此下去,对我国PACS的建设乃至医院信息化的建设都是不利的.     

IT services in a completely digitized radiological department: value and benefit of an in-house departmental IT group

To analyze the benefit of a departmental IT group in comparison to support by hospital IT groups or system manufacturers in a completely digitized radiological department. The departmental IT group comprises a fulltime IT specialist, two student assistants and four clinical employees participating 1 day/week. For 18 months IT problems were quantified and specified according to urgency, responsibility and affected system by use of an intranet-based reporting system. For each IT service provider the performance and duration of problem solution was evaluated. In 18 months 3,234 IT problems emerged. 88.7% were solved by the departmental IT group. In 474 cases (14.7%) a solution within 2 h was required. The departmental IT group solved 35.8% within 30 min, system manufacturers needed 18 h 38 min in mean. The departmental IT group solved 90.2% of the problems within a time limit. System manufacturers met the limit in 60.1% with a mean duration of 7 days 21 h. In 6.7% of the cases, support by system manufacturers was indispensable. A considerable proportion of IT problems in completely digitized radiological departments can be solved by a departmental IT group, providing a fast and cost-efficient first-level IT support with effective prevention of major breaks in the workflow. In a small number of cases support by system manufacturers remains necessary.This work was orally presented on ECR 2004 in Vienna.     

Use of 3D imaging in CT of the acute trauma patient: impact of a PACS-based software package

To evaluate the impact of a picture archiving and communication systems (PACS)–based software package on the requests for 3D reconstructions of multidetector CT (MDCT) data sets in the emergency radiology of a level 1 trauma center, we reviewed the number and type of physician requests for 3D reconstructions of MDCT data sets for patients admitted after sustaining multiple trauma, during a 12-month period (January 2003–December 2003). During the first 5 months of the study, 3D reconstructions were performed in dedicated workstations located separately from the emergency radiology CT interpretation area. During the last 7 months of the study, reconstructions were performed online by the attending radiologist or resident on duty, using a software package directly incorporated into the PACS workstations. The mean monthly number of 3D reconstructions requested during the two time periods was compared using Students t test. The monthly mean ± SD of 3D reconstructions performed before and after 3D software incorporation into the PACS was 34±7 (95% CI, 10–58) and 132±31 (95% CI, 111–153), respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). In the multiple trauma patient, implementation of PACS-integrated software increases utilization of 3D reconstructions of MDCT data sets.This paper has been accepted for presentation at the 15th Annual Scientific Meeting of the ASER in Montreal, Canada, September 8–11, 2004     

Diagnostic imaging in undergraduate medical education: an expanding role

Radiologists have been involved in anatomy instruction for medical students for decades. However, recent technical advances in radiology, such as multiplanar imaging, "virtual endoscopy", functional and molecular imaging, and spectroscopy, offer new ways in which to use imaging for teaching basic sciences to medical students. The broad dissemination of picture archiving and communications systems is making such images readily available to medical schools, providing new opportunities for the incorporation of diagnostic imaging into the undergraduate medical curriculum. Current reforms in the medical curriculum and the establishment of new medical schools in the UK further underline the prospects for an expanding role for imaging in medical education. This article reviews the methods by which diagnostic imaging can be used to support the learning of anatomy and other basic sciences.