t-PAcDNA克隆、腺病毒载体构建及在小血管吻合口中的表达

目的：探讨组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)基因疗法防治血管吻合口血栓栓塞的效果。方法：①采用RT-PCR从Bowes黑色素瘤细胞中获得t-PA cDNA。(②将含有t-PA基因的重组质粒pAdCMV t-PA与缺陷型腺病毒大框架pJM17共转染病毒包装细胞(293细胞)，获得有感染能力但复制缺陷的重组腺病毒AdCMV t-PA。③实验动物随机分为对照组和治疗组，治疗组吻合口注射AdCMV t-PA溶液，对照组注射AdCMV(不含t-PA的空载体)。提取吻合口组织的总RNA行RT-PCR，应用发色底物法检测吻合口组织的纤溶酶活力。结果：①成功地克隆了t-PA cDNA并构建腺病毒载体。②治疗组RT-PCR在2．0kb前面约1.7kb处有一条带，对照组则没有。治疗组术后第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、10和13天均可检测到纤溶酶活力，但第3天活力最高。对照组未检测到纤溶酶活力。结论：克隆入腺病毒载体的t-PA基因可在吻合口组织中表达出有生物学活性的t-PA，可有效地抑制吻合口血栓形成，提高吻合口通畅率。     

Calculation of fluence to dose conversion coefficients in partial exposure

Organ doses and effective doses of electrons and photons for the partial exposure using the MIRD-5 phantom and EGS-4 Code have been calculated. Irradiation geometries are AP and PA exposure. Calculations are carried out using 5 isocentered beams with different sizes to investigate the beam sizes effect on the effective dose.

The results show that the effective doses depend not only on the energy of incident particle but also on the exposure position and the beam size on the body.     

家兔严重烧伤后肾脏病变的动态变化及其与肾功能的联系

本文对家兔凝固汽油烧伤30d内肾组织进行了组织学和超微结构观察,并作血浆尿素氮、肌酐和血清钾等指标检测。结果表明:肾小球毛细血管袢先有充血,后显缺血,血管球细胞显示不同程度的肥大和/或增生。肾小管病变有空泡变、坏死及管型形成。血浆尿素氮、肌酐及血清钾伤后24h显著升高,后渐恢复至对照组水平。     

External Stent for Repair of Secondary Tracheomalacia

Tracheomalacia was created in anesthetized piglets by submucosal resection of 3 to 5 tracheal cartilages. Measurements of airway pressure and flow showed that expiratory airway resistance is maximal at low lung volumes and is significantly increased by creation of the malacic segment. Cervical flexion increases expiratory airway resistance, whereas hyperextension of the neck reduces resistance toward normal. External stenting of the malacic segment reduces expiratory airway resistance, and the combination of external stenting and hyperextension restores airway resistance to normal except at low lung volume.Two patients with secondary tracheomalacia required tracheostomy and could not be decannulated after the indication for the tracheostomy was corrected. Both were successfully decannulated after external stenting of the malacic segment with rib grafts. Postoperative measurements of expiratory pulmonary resistance show a marked decrease from preoperative measurements. External stenting of symptomatic tracheomalacia reduces expiratory airway resistance by supporting and stretching the malacic segment and is preferable to prolonged internal stenting or tracheal resection.     

Multiple behavioral techniques in severe separation anxiety of a twelve-year-old

This study describes a case of severe separation anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder which had previously been unsuccessfully treated along psychoanalytic lines as a school phobia. The subject was a 12-year-old male junior high school student who, over a period of two years and five months, had either not attended school or had attended under duress and fled for home. Procedures included relaxation, systematic desensitization, in vivo desensitization, positive reinforcement and graduated reduction of ritual behaviors. After 88 sessions the patient was able to attend school without anxiety. Follow-up two years later indicated that all gains had been maintained.