265名文昌市妊娠妇女口腔健康知识及行为调查

目的 了解文昌市妊娠妇女的口腔健康知识和行为及相关因素.方法 采用问卷调查方式对文昌市人民医院妇和文昌市庆龄妇幼保健院265名产检妇女进行调查.结果 265名被调查者中,孕期口腔健康知识平均得分2.2分(总分5分),婴幼儿相关口腔健康知识2.1(总分6分).孕妇在怀孕前后每天刷牙次数均在2次以上占总人数的87.5％,而怀孕前后每天使用牙签次数都在2次以上20.0％,18.5％在怀孕前做过口腔检查,38.1％的孕妇认为口腔检查没有问题或没有必要.结论 该地区妊娠期妇女口腔健康知识和妊娠期口腔保健行为有待加强.     

Snail与 E－cadherin在口腔鳞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的：研究口腔鳞癌中转录因子Snail和黏附分子E－cadherin表达,并探索二者与口腔鳞癌进展转移关系。方法应用免疫组化的方法,研究38例口腔鳞癌组织中Snail与E－cadherin的表达情况,并与各项临床病理参数进行对照分析。结果口腔鳞癌组织Snail的表达程度随组织分化程度的降低而逐渐增强,伴有淋巴结者高表达;E－cadherin的表达程度随组织分化程度的降低而逐渐降低,伴有淋巴结转移者低表达。结论（1）Snail和E－cadherin蛋白的表达与口腔鳞癌恶性程度相关。（2）Snail蛋白可能在转录水平上调控E－cadher in蛋白的表达。     

Persistence of hepatitis B vaccine immunity in hemodialysis patients

Although the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccines in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD) treatment has been documented, the persistence of immunity in this population remains largely unknown. In this study we evaluated the persistence of hepatitis B vaccine immunity in HD patients. We followed 37 hepatitis B vaccinated HD patients (following a four-dose vaccination schedule of 40 mug injections intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle at 0, 1, 2, and 6 months) for up to one year to evaluate the persistence of immunity (as indicated by serum levels of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) equal to or higher than 10 IU/L). One year after vaccination, 18.9% of patients had lost their anti-HBs (transient responders), while 81.1% still had detectable antibodies in the serum (persistent responders). From 81.1% of persistent responders 11.5% and 88.5% were weak and high responders, respectively. There was no significant difference between persistent and transient responders regarding age, sex, or nutritional factors. We did not find any factors that related to maintaining protective levels of anti-HBs in HD patients. It seems that an antibody titer above 100 IU/L following vaccination is necessary in order to maintain that level of antibody one year later.     

Optimal therapeutic range for oral anticoagulants in Japanese patients with prosthetic heart valves: a preliminary report from a single institution using conversion from thrombotest to PT-INR

The thrombotest (TT) technique has been widely used in Japan for monitoring oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT). The therapeutic range was originally recommended to be 10%–25%. However, the International Committee for Standardization in Hematology/International Committee on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ICSH/ICTH) recommended using the international normalized ratio of prothrombin time (PT-INR) for monitoring OAT. It is necessary to use a universal standard measure for monitoring OAT in accordance with the ICSH/ISTH recommendation. We simultaneously measured TT and PT in blood samples from 1 157 patients on long-term warfarin therapy, and studied the correlation between TT and PT-INR. An excellent linear correlation was obtained between TT-INR and PT-INR with the regression equation PT-INR = 1.0420 TT-INR − 0.0987 (r = 0.905, P < 0.001). We also examined the correlation between the incidence of thromboembolism in 170 patients receiving warfarin therapy after prosthetic valve replacement; 50.5% received concomitant antiplatelet therapy. Thromboembolism occurred in 9 of 170 patients during a mean follow-up period of 2.44 years. The average TT values in patients with and without thromboembolism were 26.4% (PT-INR: 1.53) and 21.1% (1.73), respectively (P < 0.01). The incidence of thromboembolism did not differ significantly between patients on warfarin alone (average TT: 22.2%) and those on warfarin and antiplatelet agent (average TT: 20.9%). Our results suggest that the incidence of thromboembolism is low in Japan despite a less intensive regimen having been adopted. Received: June 22, 2000 / Accepted: October 4, 2000     

Circulating IL-18 concentration is associated with insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance through increased fat-free mass

Aims/hypothesis Knowledge of the factors which simultaneously contribute to insulin-resistance-related inflammation may contribute to early therapeutic targeting. IL-18 has recently been described as one of the factors which, in addition to insulin resistance, may also contribute to atherosclerosis. However, the source of IL-18 is not well characterised.Materials and methods We aimed to study body composition (bioelectric impedance), glucose tolerance (OGTT) and insulin sensitivity (minimal model method) in relation to serum IL-18 (ELISA) concentration in 144 otherwise healthy men aged 51.9±12.5 years.Results In contrast to previous observations in women, circulating IL-18 was not significantly associated with BMI (r=0.12, p=0.1) or WHR (r=0.08, p=0.3). IL-18 was also not associated with absolute or percent fat mass (bioelectric impedance, p>0.20) but, interestingly, it was significantly linked to fat-free mass (p=0.03). Serum IL-18 increased with each quartile of fat-free mass, corresponding to values of 64.2; >64.2 to 71.6; >71.6 to 80.9; and 80.9 kg (ANOVA, p<0.0001). IL-18 was more closely associated with postload glucose during an OGTT (p=0.04) rather than with fasting glucose (p=0.1). HbA₁c (p=0.03), HDL-cholesterol (p=0.04) and serum triglycerides (p=0.03) and parameters of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein, p=0.02) were also significantly associated with circulating IL-18. Insulin sensitivity (minimal model analysis) was linked to circulating IL-18 (p=0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis this relationship remained significant after controlling for BMI, age and glucose tolerance status. In another model, both fat-free mass and insulin sensitivity contributed to 10% of IL-18 variance.Conclusions/interpretation Fat mass does not seem to influence circulating IL-18, as initially proposed. In contrast, the fat-free mass compartment (a well-known confounder in the evaluation of insulin sensitivity) may significantly contribute to the relationship between IL-18 and insulin action.     

2013-2014年季节性流行性感冒疫苗免疫血清针对我国流行株的抗体水平分析

目的 分析季节性流行性感冒(流感)疫苗免疫血清针对我国流行株的抗体水平及我国流行株与疫苗株的匹配性. 方法 采集不同年龄组人群疫苗接种前后的血清,利用流感流行株和疫苗株作为病毒抗原,应用血凝抑制试验(HI)方法对血清进行检测. 结果 三价流感疫苗对我国A(H1N1)Pdm09亚型流行株产生的抗体平均几何滴度(GMT)低于针对疫苗株病毒的GMT,血清抗体滴度 40的比例为57.0%～63.3%;对我国A(H3N2)亚型流行株产生的GMT与针对疫苗株病毒的GMT类似,血清抗体滴度超过40的比例为57.6%～63.0%;对B型流行株产生的血清抗体GMT低于针对疫苗株的GMT,不过超过了疫苗株抗体GMT的50%.不同年龄组的血清抗体反应不同,成年组相对较高. 结论 2013-2014年季节性流感疫苗与同期流行的A(H1N1)Pdm09亚型流感病毒和B型流行株Yamagata系流感病毒较为匹配;H3N2亚型疫苗与流行株的匹配性较低,有可能会导致疫苗的保护效果降低.     

TRAF4 enhances oral squamous cell carcinoma cell growth,invasion and migration by Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide with poor prognosis. Recently, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) has attracted increasing attenuation due to its overexpression in certain cancers. However, its function and underlying mechanism in OSCC remains elusive. In this study, the high expression of TRAF4 mRNA and protein levels was noted in OSCC cell lines. Its overexpression with pcDNA3.1-TRAF4 vector transfection dramatically promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis, indicating a pivotal role of TRAF4 in OSCC cell growth. Simultaneously, TRAF4 elevation also increased cell invasion and migration. Mechanism analysis confirmed that TRAF4 up-regulation induced the expression of β-catenin and the downstream target molecules of cyclinD1, c-myc, Bcl-2, MMP-9 and MMP-2, indicating that TRAF4 could induce the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. After pretreatment with β-catenin siRNA, the pathway was remarkably silenced. Simultaneously, cell growth, invasion and migration induced by TRAF4 were strikingly abrogated, suggesting that TRAF4 may promote OSCC cell growth, invasion and migration by Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Together, this study confirmed that TRAF4 acts as an oncogene for the development and progression of OSCC. Therefore, our study may support a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of OSCC.     

HOXA10 controls proliferation,migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Although HOX genes are best known for acting in the regulation of important events during embryogenesis, including proliferation, differentiation and migration, alterations in their expression patterns have been frequently described in cancers. In previous studies we analyzed the expression profile of the members of the HOX family of homeobox genes in oral samples of normal mucosa and squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and identified differently expressed genes such as HOXA10. The present study aimed to validate the increased expression of HOXA10 in OSCCs, and to investigate the effects arising from its knockdown in OSCC cells. The levels of HOXA10 mRNA were determined in human OSCC samples and cell lines by quantitative PCR, and HOXA10-mediated effects on proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion were studied in HSC-3 tongue carcinoma cells by using retrovirus-mediated RNA interference. Higher expression of HOXA10 mRNA was observed in OSCC cell lines and in tumor tissues compared to normal controls. HOXA10 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation of the tumor cells which was accompanied by increased levels of p21. HOXA10 silencing also significantly induced the expression of EMT markers and enhanced the adhesion, migration and invasion of HSC-3 cells. No effects on cell death were observed after HOXA10 knockdown. The results of the current study confirm the overexpression of HOXA10 in OSCCs, and further demonstrate that its expression is functionally associated with several important biological processes related to oral tumorigenesis, such as proliferation, migration and invasion.     

口腔黏膜鳞状细胞癌、上皮异常增生及正常黏膜组织拉曼光谱研究

目的 研究口腔黏膜鳞状细胞癌、上皮重度异常增生及正常黏膜组织的拉曼光谱特征,以期为拉曼光谱诊断口腔黏膜癌变提供依据.方法 收集手术切除的新鲜口腔黏膜鳞状细胞癌组织56例,重度上皮异常增生组织50例及正常黏膜组织32例,采用配备光纤探头的便携式拉曼光谱仪获取拉曼光谱.应用主成分分析法(principle component analysis,PCA)结合判别函数分析(discriminant function analysis,DFA)对不同组织的光谱数据进行分析,建立诊断模型对口腔鳞状细胞癌、上皮重度异常增生及正常黏膜的光谱数据进行鉴别,应用交互验证方法对诊断模型进行验证.结果 口腔鳞状细胞癌、上皮重度异常增生及正常黏膜组织间的拉曼光谱存在差异,主要表现为口腔鳞状细胞癌和上皮重度异常增生组织光谱中对应核酸、蛋白质及脂类物质的谱峰明显高于正常黏膜上皮组织;鉴别诊断建模的总体分类准确率达96.4％(133/138),交互验证的分类准确率达92.8％(128/138).结论 口腔鳞状细胞癌和上皮重度异常增生组织中细胞增殖代谢明显高于正常黏膜组织;应用PCA-DFA建立的分类诊断模型可以很好地区分3种不同组织的光谱数据.     

Serum big endothelin-1 as a biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: an analytical study

Detection of abnormally elevated levels of molecules in patients with oral cancer may be useful in early diagnosis. These markers can be included in current Histopathology grading and in TNM staging systems of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) to make it more efficient. Several pro-angiogenic molecules have been assessed for the same reason. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoactive peptide associated with the development and spread of many solid tumors, including Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), but its utility in OSCC has not been confirmed.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the role of the serum big ET-1 as a biomarker of OSCC, by correlating it with the clinical staging and the histopathological grading.

Material and Methods

Serum levels of big ET-1 measured by the sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in 40 OSCC cases were compared with the levels from the control group using independent t-test. Clinical stages and histopathological grades of OSCC cases were compared in relation to their mean levels of serum big ET-1, one using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and the other the independent t-test, respectively. The significance of the mean difference between the groups was evaluated by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. All statistical analyses were performed on GraphPad statistical software version 5.0.

Results

By comparing the mean of the big ET-1 concentrations of cases and controls, the independent t-test revealed significant higher big ET-1 concentration of OSCC cases when compared to controls (p<0.0001). Tukey’s multiple comparison test also revealed statistically significant difference among all OSCC stages in relation to the mean levels of serum big ET-1. However, the mean of the big ET-1 concentrations of cases of grade I and of grade II did not differ statistically (p=0.729).

Conclusion

Serum big ET-1 levels may be useful as a diagnostic tool in OSCC and as an adjunct to OSCC staging. However, its use as a prognostic marker warrants larger prospective studies.