Purification and partial characterization of fimbriae of Vibrio cholerae O1

Fimbriae of Vibrio cholerae O1 were purified from a strain of the classical biotype, Inaba serotype (Bgd 17), and a strain of the El Tor biotype, Ogawa serotype (K23), grown on TCG agar medium by the following procedure; homogenization of the cell suspension to detach fimbriae, ultracentrifugation to remove remaining cells and their debris, concentration of the supernatant containing fimbriae with ultrafiltration, and 20 to 40% sucrose linear gradient centrifugation of the concentrated material. The fimbriae in both preparations were flexible, long fibres readily distinguishable under the electron microscope from those of CFA/I, CFA/II seen in ETEC strains. Their structural subunit was a protein of 16 kdaltons. Fimbriae isolated from both serotypes and biotypes shared antigenic determinants.     

多价精子抗原表位肽的设计与免疫效应研究

目的 开发可供两性使用的多价合成嵌合肽疫苗。方法 选择小鼠精子／睾丸特异性抗原SP17、Cyritestin中特异性氨基酸序列与牛核糖核酸酶非限制性T细胞表位作为骨架，按一定连接方式设计、合成新抗原35肽，并与弗氏佐剂混悬后免疫雌性BALB／C小鼠。结果 在430A固相自动肽合成仪上成功地合成35肽，并经HPLC纯化、质谱鉴定证实其纯度达95％以上；免疫后小鼠血清特异性IgG抗体滴度最高达1：6000，阴道粘膜冲洗液中特异性IgA抗体滴度最高达1：300；小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖率达50％左右，淋巴细胞分泌的INF－γ和IL－4分别为60、108μg/ml；实验组BALB／c雌鼠妊娠率平均降至60％，每胎产仔数平均降低58％－71％。结论 含有两种特异性精子抗原中特异性氨基酸序列的新抗原可激发小鼠产生较理想的特异性体液免疫和粘膜免疫，并使小鼠受孕率下降，为研制适宜于两性的多价抗生育疫苗提供了实验基础。     

卡介苗对哮喘豚鼠的影响

目的 研究卡介苗对哮喘豚鼠的防治作用。方法 24只豚鼠随机分为阳性对照组、地塞米松组、卡介苗组及阴性对照组,每组6只,除阴性对照组用生理盐水外,其余三组每只腹腔内注射鸡卵蛋白100mg,2周后用1％鸡卵蛋白激发致敏,每次30min,每日1次,持续3d,地塞米松组每次激发前肌注地塞米松2mg/kg,卡介苗组每次激发前肌往卡介苗30mg/kg,阳性对照组每次激发前30min肌注生理盐水2ml,最后用乌拉坦麻醉,检验动脉血气分析参数,嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)计数等参数,所有参数用t检验或卡方检验分析。结果 阳性对照组与其它三组比较,在豚鼠的发病程度、动脉血气分析、外周血EOS计数、支气管肺泡灌洗液中EOS计数、支气管病理切片每20个高倍视野EOS计数均有明显差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 卡介苗能够抑制动物模型中的哮喘反应。     

西安市麻疹疫苗免疫接种情况的调查

目的　为了掌握西安市婴儿麻疹疫苗 (以下简称MV)基础免疫接种情况 ,以进一步提高免疫成功率。方法　在西安市城区和郊区随机抽查 5 7名 0岁组健康婴儿 ,采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)测定血清麻疹IgG抗体水平。结果　免疫前MV阳性率为 2 8 0 7% ,GMT 1∶4;免疫后MV阳性率为 98 2 5 % ,GMT 1∶1666;免疫前后阳性率、抗体平均滴度经统计分析 ,差异有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;对MV免疫后不同性别、不同地区的抗体阳性率 ,平均滴度进行统计分析 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　婴儿在出生后 8个月 ,母体胎传抗体逐渐衰减 ,致MV阳性率极低 ,只需按现行的免疫程序及时有效地接种MV ,就能获得保护抗体 ,达到控制麻疹发病的目的。同时也说明MV的免疫成功与否不受性别和地区的影响。     

青海地区1204例口腔颌面部肿瘤,囊肿,瘤样病变分析

本文对青海地区1204例口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿、瘤样病变的病变部位、性质、年龄及性别进行分析。结果为良性肿瘤634例（52．66％），以血管瘤和涎腺混合瘤最多见。恶性肿瘤232例（1．27％），以鳞状细胞癌居第一位，平均患病年龄48岁，随年龄增长，逐年递增。囊肿306例（25．41％），多发生在去下腺。瘤样病变32例（2．66％），多为牙龈瘤。本组良性肿瘤女性高于男性，血管瘤居第一位。良恶性肿瘤之比为2．73∶1，与国内有关报道略有不同。     

低氧对口腔鳞癌细胞系血管内皮生长因子和MMP-2的影响

目的 :研究低氧对体外培养的口腔鳞癌细胞系血管内皮生长因子 (vascularendothelialgrowthfactor ,VEGF)和明胶酶 A(matrixmetalloproteinase 2 ,MMP 2 )的影响。 方法 :分别用酶联免疫吸附实验 (ELISA)和半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)测定了低氧处理不同时间段时口腔鳞癌细胞系TSCCa和GNM细胞的细胞中VEGF和MMP 2的活性和mRNA表达情况。结果 :低氧处理 4h时 ,VEGF和MMP 2的活性便显著增加 ,8h时达到最高 ,GNM细胞中VEGF和MMP 2分别增加 2倍和 2 .5倍 ;而TSCCa细胞中VEGF和MMP 2增加的更为明显 ,分别增加了 6倍和 4倍。RT PCR结果显示GNM细胞VEGF和MMP 2mRNA表达水平均较TSCCa细胞高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,低氧处理时在TSCCa细胞中VEGF和MMP 2增加的尤为明显。结论 :低氧可通过调节口腔鳞癌细胞VEGF和MMP 2的活性和mRNA的表达在口腔鳞癌血管形成中起重要作用     

Prevalence and localization of nodal metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: role and extension of neck dissection

Lymph node (LN) metastases represent the most important negative prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity, even though controversies still exist regarding their management. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze our experience in surgical management of SCC of the oral cavity with particular focus on the prevalence and localization of lymph nodal metastases and recurrences. The clinical records of 89 consecutive patients treated from 1983 to 2002 by concomitant surgery on both the T and N sites, excluding those undergoing salvage surgery, were reviewed. A total of 119 neck dissections (ND) were performed. Survival outcomes were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method, while univariate comparisons by the log-rank and non-parametric tests were performed between different groups of patients. Five-year overall and determinate survivals were 50 and 57%, respectively. LN metastases were observed in 52% (56% of these showing extracapsular spread) and their presence strongly correlated with determinate survival (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of clinical and occult nodal disease was not related to the pT status. Neck levels II (59%) and I (56%) were most frequently involved. Metastases to level IV accounted for 15% of positive LN, even though 28% of them turned out to be skip metastases. Five neck recurrences were observed, only one of which was salvaged by surgery. The high prevalence of clinical and occult LN metastases in this setting suggests that ND should be performed on a nearly routine basis, even for lesions with a low-T category and a cN0 neck. Moreover, ND should always encompass level IV due to the possibility of skip metastases, particularly in tumors involving the oral tongue. In patients with a cN+ neck, levels from I to V should be addressed, particularly in the presence of metastases at levels III and IV.     

葡萄糖筛选试验在妊娠期糖尿病诊断及治疗中的价值

目的　探讨 5 0 g葡萄糖筛选试验 (GCT)在妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM )诊断及治疗中的价值。 方法　选择 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 6月在我院行产前检查并分娩的 5 0 gGCT异常的孕妇 36 8例 ,按血糖值分为 5组 :≥7.8～ <8.0mmol/L为Ⅰ组 ,≥ 8.0～ <9.0mmol/L为Ⅱ组 ,≥ 9.0～ <10 .0mmol/L为Ⅲ组 ,≥ 10 .0～ <11.0mmol/L为Ⅳ组 ,≥ 11.0mmol/L为Ⅴ组。比较 5组 75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)异常的比例及需用胰岛素治疗的病例数的差异。结果　 5组GDM的发生率分别为 6 .9%、8.5 %、2 1.3%、4 7.8%和 85 .0 % ,75 gOGTT异常的发生率分别为 19.0 %、2 4 .2 %、5 1.1%、87.0 %和 90 .0 % ,且用胰岛素治疗的病例数随 5 0 gGCT血糖值的上升而增加。结论　 5 0 gGCT在GDM的诊断及治疗方案的预测方面均有重要价值。     

乙型肝炎病毒多表位治疗性抗原基因的合成、表达及抗原性研究

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒多表位治疗性疫苗基因的合成、表达及其产物的抗原性。方法设计、并合成乙型肝炎病毒多表位抗原基因BPT,克隆入融合表达载体pWR450-1,构建重组质粒PWR/BPT。在大肠杆菌中表达乙型肝炎多表位抗原蛋白并纯化该蛋白,并用Western-blotting方法初步检测该抗原蛋白的抗原性。结果成功构建了融合表达载体PWR/BPT,在大肠杆菌中表达出乙型肝炎多表位抗原蛋白,Western-blotting 检测显示该蛋白具有良好抗原性。结论HBV多表位治疗性抗原基因的设计是成功的,其在大肠杆菌中表达的重组融合蛋白具有良好的抗原性,可能是较理想的HBV治疗性疫苗候选物。