Granulosa Cell Biomarkers to Predict Oocyte and Embryo Quality in Assisted Reproductive Technology

With the development of human assisted reproductive technology (ART), an objective, accurate, and non-invasive method to assess the quality and viability of ooc...     

线粒体能量代谢和DNA复制对小鼠卵子体外成熟、受精及发育的影响

目的 探讨胞质线粒体的氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）活性或线粒体DNA复制在卵子成熟、受精和胚胎发育过程中的作用。方法 通过在小鼠体外成熟培养液中引入不同浓度的羰基氰4-(三氟甲氧基)苯腙 (FCCP, 10 nmol/L和100nmol/L)或2′,3′-双脱氧胞苷(ddC,10μmol/L和100μmol/L),抑制线粒体OXPHOS活性或线粒体DNA复制,统计分析各组卵子的体外生发泡破裂（GVBD）率、核成熟率、受精率及囊胚形成率,以分析线粒体功能抑制对卵子成熟、受精和胚胎发育的影响。 结果 线粒体OXPHOS活性和DNA复制功能在卵子和胚胎中所发挥的作用并不完全相同。FCCP抑制线粒体OXPHOS活性可显著降低卵子的核成熟率和囊胚形成率;但对卵子的GVBD的发生率和受精率无显著影响。而ddC抑制线粒体DNA复制不影响卵子的体外成熟和受精,但可显著抑制囊胚的形成。 结论 OXPHOS活性主要影响卵子成熟及胚胎发育;线粒体DNA复制则主要影响胚胎发育;而线粒体功能抑制不影响卵子的成熟启动和体外受精。     

体外受精-胚胎移植中三种镇痛方法在取卵术的研究

目的探讨异丙酚,笑气与度冷丁三种镇痛方法用于经阴道B超引导下穿刺取卵术中的应用,并比较其疗效。方法将体外受精一胚胎移植患者随机分为异丙酚组,笑气组与度冷丁组,比较三组麻醉效果。结果异丙酚组麻醉效果及手术时间与另外两组相比有显著性差异。笑气组麻醉效果及手术时间与度冷丁组相比有显著性差异。异丙酚组麻醉前后血压、心率、血氧相比有显著性差异,另两组无显著性差异。三组之间获卵数,卵子受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎形成率、妊娠率无显著性差异。结论异丙酚麻醉效果优于笑气及度冷丁。笑气的麻醉效果优于度冷丁,安全有效,使用方便。而且三组麻醉方式均不影响体外受精—胚胎移植最终结局。     

卵丘细胞凋亡对体外培养卵母细胞发育潜能的影响

目的 研究体外培养中卵丘细胞凋亡对卵母细胞结构的影响,探讨体外受精中可用卵丘细胞凋亡率预测卵母细胞发育潜能的原因.方法 对GV期人卵丘-卵母细胞复合体进行体外成熟培养,用HE染色、DAPI染色和原位末端标记(TUNEL)法标记3种方法对单卵卵丘细胞凋亡率进行检测.分为凋亡率高和低的2组,用光镜和透射电镜观察卵母细胞的结构.对MⅡ期卵母细胞进行体外受精,培养2d后在光镜下评价胚胎质量.结果 卵丘细胞凋亡率低的卵母细胞结构和发育潜能良好;卵丘细胞凋亡率高的卵母细胞发育潜能差,存在各种结构异常,包括围卵周隙不均,对应不同部位的细胞质发育不同步;细胞质中出现堆积不均的细胞器团、次级溶酶体、及可能由溶酶体降解造成的大量空隙;线粒体外膜和嵴模糊、膨大,呈现凋亡迹象;第一极体碎裂;透明带异常增厚或变薄.相应的卵丘细胞微绒毛和细胞连接减少.结论 揭示了卵丘细胞凋亡对卵母细胞结构的影响,揭示了卵丘细胞凋亡率影响卵母细胞发育潜能的原因.     

生物活性因子对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及胚胎体外发育的影响

免疫活性肽 (ICP)和表皮生长因子 (EGF)是两种生物活性因子 ,ICP对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及胚胎体外培养的影响还未见报道。本实验将ICP ( 1 0、1 0 0、50 0ng/ml)和EGF ( 2 .5、2 5、50ng/ml)加入成熟液和培养液中 ,对照组中不含生物活性因子。结果表明ICP在浓度为 50 0ng/ml时对卵母细胞成熟有抑制作用 ,对胚胎发育无明显作用 ;EGF( 50ng/ml)对牛卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育均有促进作用     

Response to controlled ovarian stimulation and oocyte quality in women with myotonic dystrophy type I

Purpose In women the relationship between myotonic dystrophy type I and fertility remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ovarian reserve, ovarian response to stimulation and oocyte quality in these patients. Materials and methods We compared 15 myotonic dystrophy type I patients with 39 age matched controls with isolated male factor infertility necessitating ICSI. Results All parameters of ovarian reserve (day 3 FSH and E2, antral follicle count and delta E2) were significantly better in the controls. Despite having significantly lower doses of gonadotrophin, the control group attained a higher number of retrieved oocyte–cumulus complexes (p < 0.04). Analysis of cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic dysmorphism did not reveal any difference between the two groups. Fertilisation rate and top grade embryos on day 3 were similar in both groups. Conclusion The present study suggests that though women with myotonic dystrophy type I have a reduced ovarian reserve and respond poorly to controlled ovarian stimulation, there is no impact on oocyte and embryo quality. Hence suggesting that successful ART is feasible with appropriate selection in women with mild myotonic dystrophy. Capsule Women with myotonic dystrophy type I have reduced ovarian reserve and respond poorly to controlled ovarian stimulation, though there is no impact on oocyte quality.