卵母细胞成熟障碍4例与同期卵母细胞大部分不成熟患者比较分析

目的分析4例体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF—ET）患者共8个辅助助孕周期,全部73个卵母细胞均处于GV、MetaphaseI期的可能原因。并与同期13例IVF—ET患者比较分析,比较组患者〉50％卵母细胞处于GV、MetaphaseI期。方法回顾分析本中心12年辅助助孕工作中出现的4例患者共8个周期所获卵母细胞均处于GV、MI的临床及实验室资料,并与同期13例超过50％卵母细胞处于GV、MI患者的临床、实验室资料进行比较。结果4例患者73个卵母细胞均处于GV或MI期,经体外成熟培养,24,48,72h仍无极体排出,停滞于GV、MI期。同期13例患者大部分卵母细胞不成熟,但体外培养后部分卵母细胞可进一步成熟,并可受精,获得妊娠。结论细胞和遗传机制引起卵母细胞成熟障碍,现有体外成熟培养方法尚无法促其成熟,目前赠卵是该类患者获得妊娠可供选择的助孕方法。但对于在控制性超促排卵中,出现大部分卵母细胞不成熟的患者可以通过延长促超排时间,增大hCG注射日卵泡直径,体外成熟培养等方法获得成熟的卵母细胞,获得妊娠。     

IVF获卵数、全胚冷冻与体外受精胚胎移植妊娠结局的关系

目的探讨控制超排卵（COH）中获卵数对体外受精一胚胎移植（IVF—ET）妊娠结局的影响,及为避免重度OHSS全胚冷冻的效果。方法接受常规IVF助孕治疗的不孕症患者358例（除外ICSI,Half—ICSI,Re—ICSI）。根据获卵数不同分为3组,其中获卵数1～10者122例（I组）,获卵数11～20者183例（II组）,获卵数〉20者53例（Ⅲ组）;358例中发生OHSS48例全胚冷冻,其中I组无全胚冷冻,Ⅱ组全胚冷冻28例,Ⅲ组全胚冷冻20例。结果全胚冷冻组与新鲜移植组比较：年龄及优胚率无明显差异,着床率及临床妊娠率无明显差异;新鲜移植第Ⅲ组着床率及临床妊娠率低于全胚冷冻第Ⅲ组,差异有显著性。结论OHSS时全胚冷冻保证了妊娠结局,尤其对获卵数〉20的患者有利。     

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in the Follicular Fluid of the Preovulatory Follicle: A Predictor for Oocyte Fertilization and Quality of Embryo

This prospective study investigated the relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level in the follicular fluid (FF) and the quality of the oocyte and embryo. A total of 65 FF samples from 54 women were included in this study. FF was collected from the largest preovulatory follicle sized≥20 mm of mean diameter from each ovary. Samples were divided into 3 groups according to the FF AMH levels: below the 33th percentile (low group, FF AMH<2.1 ng/mL, n=21), between the 33th and the 67th percentile (intermediate group, FF AMH=2.1-3.6 ng/mL, n=22), and above the 67th percentile (high group, FF AMH>3.6 ng/mL, n=22). The quality of the ensuing oocytes and embryos was evaluated by fertilization rate and embryo score. FF AMH levels correlated positively with the matched embryo score on day 3 after fertilization (r=0.331, P=0.015). The normal fertilization rate was significantly lower in the low group than in the intermediate group (61.9% vs. 95.5% vs. 77.3%, respectively, P=0.028). Our results suggest that the FF AMH level could be a predictor of the ensuing oocyte and embryo quality.

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Rutin prevents cisplatin-induced ovarian damage via antioxidant activity and regulation of PTEN and FOXO3a phosphorylation in mouse model

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the protective effects of rutin during cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in mice and to verify the possible involvement of the phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN)/Forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) pathway in the rutin actions. Mice received saline solution (control, 0.15 M, i.p.) or cisplatin (5 mg/Kg body weight, i.p.) or they were pretreated with N-acetylcysteine (positive control; 150 mg/Kg of body weight [p.o.]) or with rutin (10, 30 or 50 mg/Kg body weight, p.o.) before cisplatin (5 mg/Kg body weight, i.p.) once daily for 3 days. Next, the ovaries were harvested and destined to histological (follicular morphology and activation), immunohistochemical (cell proliferation and apoptosis) and fluorescence (reactive oxygen species [ROS], glutathione [GSH] and mitochondrial activity) analyses. Moreover, the expression of phosphorylated PTEN (p-PTEN) and FOXO3a (p-FOXO3a) were evaluated to investigate a molecular mechanism by which rutin would prevent the cisplatin-induced ovarian damage. The results showed that pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine or 10 mg/Kg rutin before cisplatin preserved the percentage of normal follicles and cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis and ROS levels and increased active mitochondria and GSH levels compared to the cisplatin treatment (P < 0.05). Cisplatin treatment increased p-PTEN and decreased p-FOXO3a expression in follicles, which was prevented by 10 mg/kg rutin. In conclusion, treatment with 10 mg/Kg rutin has the potential to protect the ovarian follicles against cisplatin-induced toxicity through its antioxidant effects and PTEN/FOXO3a pathway.     

卵子激活剂对无精子症患者冻融睾丸精子ICSI后妊娠结局的影响

目的研究卵子激活剂CultActive在临床中能否提高无精子症患者冻融睾丸精子行卵胞浆内单精子显微注射(ICSI)后的妊娠结局。方法选择2015年1月~2019年12月我院收治的188例行冻融睾丸精子ICSI助孕治疗的无精子症患者作为研究对象,按照患者ICSI后是否进行应用卵子激活剂CultActive随机分为冻融睾丸精子组(n=107)和卵子激活组(n=81),对照组为新鲜睾丸精子组(n=129),分别比较了三组患者在年龄、不孕年限、促性腺激素用量、促性腺激素使用天数等临床资料的差异以及获卵数、受精率、2PN率、分裂率、优胚率、可利用胚胎率、临床妊娠率等胚胎发育情况的差异。结果三组患者在年龄、不孕年限、促性腺激素用量、促性腺激素使用天数、获卵数上均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。B组在2PN率、优胚率、可利用胚胎率上均高于A、C组,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。三组患者在分裂率上也无统计学差异(P>0.05)。B组在受精率上明显高于C组(P<0.05),且显著高于A组(p<0.01)。B组在临床妊娠率上显著高于A、C组(p<0.01)。结论卵子激活剂CultActive可以提高冻融睾丸精子ICSI效率,值得在临床中推广。     

卵母细胞衰老的分子病因学研究进展

卵母细胞衰老是女性自然衰老的开始,在分子层面了解导致卵母细胞衰老的原因和机制,对于抑制与年龄相关的疾病和促进女性健康长寿至关重要。本文对卵母细胞衰老的分子病因机制,从基因组的完整性和稳定性、线粒体功能障碍、端粒缩短、DNA损伤修复、表观遗传学改变、以及神经内分泌级联反应等几个方面展开详细综述。     

取卵日不同大小卵泡的获卵情况及卵母细胞质量差异分析

目的：探讨体外受精胚胎移植（IVF-ET）中,取卵日卵泡直径与卵子回收率、相应卵泡获得的卵子质量、受精和卵裂的关系。方法回顾性分析接受卵泡浆内单精子注射（ICSI）治疗的30个周期100个卵泡,根据卵泡大小分为五组,对五组的卵子回收率、卵母细胞的卵冠丘复合物（OCCC）评分、受精评分、卵裂评分进行比较和分析。结果将穿刺卵泡分为五组, A组〈16 mm、B组16~18 mm、C组18.5~20 mm、D组20.5~22 mm、E组〉22 mm;五组的获卵率、OCCC评分、受精评分、卵裂评分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论取卵日目标卵泡在16~22 mm之间成熟卵子回收率高并能获得高质量胚胎。     

The regulation of maturation promoting factor during prophase I arrest and meiotic entry in mammalian oocytes

Mammalian oocytes arrest at prophase of meiosis I at around birth and they remain arrested at this stage until puberty when the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) causes ovulation. Prophase I arrest in the immature oocyte results from the maintenance of low activity of maturation promoting factor (MPF), which consists of a catalytic subunit (CDK1) and regulatory subunit (cyclin B1). Phosphorylation-mediated inactivation of CDK1 and constant degradation of cyclin B1 keep MPF activity low during prophase I arrest. LH-mediated signaling manipulates a vast array of molecules to activate CDK1. Active CDK1 not only phosphorylates different meiotic phosphoproteins during the resumption of meiosis but also inhibits their rapid dephosphorylation by inhibiting the activities of CDK1 antagonizing protein phosphatases (PPs). In this way, CDK1 both phosphorylates its substrates and protects them from being dephosphorylated. Accumulating evidence suggests thatthe net MPF activity that drives the resumption of meiosis in oocytes depends on the activation status of CDK1 antagonizing PPs. This review aims to provide a summary of the current understanding of the signaling pathways involved in regulating MPF activity during prophase I arrest and reentry into meiosis of mammalian oocytes.     

人卵母细胞胞浆中央颗粒化对胚胎发育潜能的影响及其分级和成因探讨

目的探讨人类辅助生殖技术中卵母细胞胞浆中央颗粒化(CLGC)对胚胎发育潜能的影响及其分级评估、形成的可能原因。方法回顾性分析荆州市中心医院生殖中心2012年6月至2014年3月卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)治疗的患者,选取全部卵母细胞CLGC的30例患者作为研究组,随机选择同期卵母细胞胞浆形态无异常的200例患者作为胞浆形态正常组,比较二组间年龄、基础FSH、平均促性腺激素(Gn)使用天数、平均Gn总量,以及受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、可利用胚胎率及妊娠结局的差异。并对卵母细胞CLGC的程度进行分级评估,比较轻、重度CLGC患者受精率、优质胚胎率、可利用胚胎率的差异。结果研究组与对照组之间的年龄、基础FSH无统计学差异(P0.05),而平均Gn使用天数、平均Gn总量、受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、可利用胚胎率及临床妊娠率、流产率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);轻度CLGC组受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、可利用胚胎率均显著高于重度CLGC组(P0.05)。结论人卵母细胞随CLGC的程度加重其胚胎的发育潜能逐渐降低。CLGC作为一种常见的卵母细胞胞浆形态异常对胚胎发育潜能的评估有重要的参考意义。合理的临床降调节方案、合适剂量的Gn使用可能是减少所获卵母细胞CLGC的途径之一。     

Granulosa Cell Biomarkers to Predict Oocyte and Embryo Quality in Assisted Reproductive Technology

With the development of human assisted reproductive technology (ART), an objective, accurate, and non-invasive method to assess the quality and viability of ooc...