不同介入方案治疗急性下肢静脉血栓的临床效果与安全性比较

目的 探讨不同介入方案治疗急性下肢静脉血栓(DVT)的临床效果与安全性。方法 选取我院2015年1月～2019年12月介入科收治的急性DVT患者54例作为研究对象,按照治疗方式的不同分为研究组27例和对照组27例。研究组采用血管腔内综合治疗,对照组采用导管介导溶栓治疗,比较两组患者疗效评价、治疗前后膝上、下15 cm与患肢周径差、治疗前后皮肤肿胀张力、静脉通畅率、住院时间和并发症发生情况。结果 经治疗后研究组患者膝上、下15 cm与患肢周径差均短于对照组(P0.05);经治疗后研究组患者皮肤肿胀张力恢复程度显著优于对照组(P0.05);经治疗后研究组患者静脉通畅率显著高于对照组(P0.05);研究组治疗有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者住院时间明显少于对照组,且其并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论 血管腔内综合介入治疗能够有效改善患者下肢症状,提高DVT恢复情况,降低并发症的发生,从而有效提高患者生活质量,为临床治疗DVT提供重要参考。     

宫腔内灌注粒细胞集落刺激因子联合低分子肝素在薄型子宫内膜患者冻融胚胎移植周期中的研究

目的:探讨宫腔内灌注粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)联合低分子肝素(LMWH)对薄型子宫内膜患者冻融胚胎移植(FET)周期中的临床疗效。方法:选取2018年6月-2019年10月于山西医科大学第一医院进行FET助孕治疗的薄型子宫内膜患者175例,根据患者自身意愿分为3组,A组:63例患者仅接受激素替代治疗;B组:52例患者接受激素替代治疗+宫腔内G-CSF灌注;C组:60例患者接受激素替代治疗+宫腔内G-CSF灌注+皮下注射LMWH。对3组患者的子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)、周期取消率、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率、早期流产率、异位妊娠率等指标进行比较。结果:在内膜转化日,与A组相比,B、C组子宫内膜厚度、Ⅱ+Ⅲ型血流比例均增加,RI、PI均降低(P<0.05)。治疗结局方面,与A组相比,B、C组胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率增加,周期取消率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B、C组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);C组早期流产率较B组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在FET周期中宫腔内灌注G-CSF可提高薄型子宫内膜患者的子宫内膜厚度,改善子宫内膜的血流情况,提高胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率,注射LMWH可降低早期流产率。     

肿瘤标志物检验在胃癌诊断中的临床价值分析

目的分析探讨肿瘤标志物检验在胃癌诊断中的临床价值。方法选择在本院进行治疗的胃癌患者40例,将其列为观察组,选取体检健康者40例,将其列为普通组,具体的选择时间为2018年2月-2019年2月,对两组患者的CEA、CA72-4、CA19-9水平及阳性表达率进行比较分析。结果观察组患者CEA、CA72-4、CA19-9明显高于普通组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的肿瘤标志物阳性表达率明显高于普通组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤标志物在胃癌的诊断中具有非常重要的意义,肿瘤标志物对胃癌患者的诊断较为确切,利于患者的确诊及后期治疗,从而提高患者的生命及生活质量。     

应用PDCA循环法提高急诊检验项目全程TAT达标率

目的应用PDCA循环法缩短急诊项目的全程结果回报时间(TAT)。方法回顾性分析2017年1-12月(PDCA循环法实施前)深圳市罗湖医院集团妇科、产科急诊项目[血常规、凝血、离子七项、血人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)+孕酮]的TAT未达标率。2018年应用PDCA管理工具,绘制鱼骨图分析原因、柏拉图真因确定、甘特图制订计划,利用5W1H法制订对策,并进行对策实施。同时,购置仪器、人员培训、规范化工作流程、加强临床沟通协调。对2017年1-12月(实施前)与2018年1-6月(实施后)的急诊报告时间达标率进行比较。结果2018年1—6月,急诊项目血常规、凝血、离子七项、血HCG+孕酮申请至采样时间达标率较2017年1—12月分别上升了4.89%、4.53%、6.94%、3.63%;采样至核收时间达标率分别上升了13.33%、13.57%、37.1%、13.95%;核收至发送时间达标率分别上升了20.85%、5.96%、5.01%、6.31%。应用PDCA前后申请至采样时间、采样至核收时间、核收至发送时间,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=11.325、19.569、5.301,P<0.001)。结论应用PDCA循环法对急诊检验项目TAT达标率进行质量改进、人员培训、标准化交接班制度制订,优化标本送检流程,标本高峰期增加运送人员,保障检测仪器的质量,进一步完善了信息系统,加强了与临床的沟通、协调,可以提高急诊项目全程TAT达标率,有效缩短结果TAT。     

2014-2018年某院剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化情况分析

目的分析我院2014-2018年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化,探讨降低剖宫产率的策略和措施。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年12月于我院行剖宫产分娩的42385例产妇的临床资料,分析其剖宫产率及主要剖宫产指征。结果2016年的剖宫产率均低于2014年、2015年、2017年、2018年,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。瘢痕子宫在二胎政策开放后所占比例明显增加;羊水过少及相对头盆不称所占比例呈现逐年下降的趋势。2014-2018年,母体因素所占比例均最高,胎儿因素及头盆因素所占比例逐年下降。另外,社会因素在二胎生育政策开放后仍呈上升趋势。结论2016年剖宫产率明显下降,瘢痕子宫在二胎政策开放后所占比例明显增加。临床需提高剖宫产术后再次妊娠阴道试产的比例、提高助产技术水平、发挥营养门诊及助产士门诊的作用、提高产科医生对胎心监护的正确解读以降低剖宫产率。     

Ecological study of gastric cancer in Brazil:Geographic and time trend analysis

AIM:To investigate the geographic distributions and time trends of gastric cancer(GC)incidence and mortality in Brazil.METHODS:An ecological study of the DATASUS registry was conducted by identifying hospitalizations for GC between January 2005 and December 2010.The data included information on the gender,age,and town of residence at the time of hospital admission and death.RESULTS:The GC rates,adjusted according to available hospital beds,decreased from 13.8 per 100000in 2005 to 12.7 per 100000 in 2010.The GC rates decreased more among the younger age groups,in which the male-to-female difference also decreased in comparison to the older age groups.Although the lethality rates tended to increase with age,young patients were proportionally more affected.The spatial GC distribution showed that the rates were higher in the south and southeast.However,while the rates decreased in the central-west and south,they increased in the northern regions.A geographic analysis showed higher rates of GC in more urbanized areas,with a coast-toinland gradient.Geographically,GC lethality overlapped greatly with the hospital admission rates.CONCLUSION:The results of this study support the hypothesis of a critical role for environmental factors in GC pathogenesis.The declining rates in young patients,particularly males,suggest a relatively recent decrease in the exposure to risk factors associated with GC.The spatial distribution of GC indicates an ongoing dynamic change within the Brazilian environment.     

miR-429 expression in bladder cancer and its correlation with tumor behavior and clinical outcome

We previously showed that microRNA-429 (miR-429) played an important role in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. We herein evaluated the expression of miR-429 in bladder cancer and its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival. Relative expression levels of miR-429 in surgical bladder cancer tissue specimens obtained from 76 patients with bladder cancer were measured by chromogenic in situ hybridization. miR-429 expression was significantly higher in specimens from alive patients than expired patients in both of 5-year overall survival (OS) (0.59 ± 0.09 vs. 0.27 ± 0.12; p < 0.05) and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) (0.63 ± 0.10 vs. 0.33 ± 0.10; p < 0.05). The univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that tumor grade, stage, and miR-429 expression were significantly associated with patient survival. In multivariate analysis, tumor stage and miR-429 expression were significantly associated with 5-year OS (hazard ratio [HR] 4.70, p < 0.001) and 5-year-RFS (HR 2.20, p < 0.05). The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with miR-429 expression had significantly better 5-year OS and 5-year RFS rates than those without miR-429 expression (84.4% vs. 61.4%, p < 0.05 and 71.9% vs. 45.5%, p < 0.05, respectively). miR-429 may be considered as an adjunctive prognostic marker in addition to tumor grade and stage in bladder cancer.