Involvement of thromboxane A2 in interleukin-31-induced itch-associated response in mice

Background

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic and severe pruritic skin disease. Interlukin-31 (IL-31) has been recently demonstrated to be one of the key pruritogens in atopic dermatitis. However, the mechanisms underlying IL-31-induced itching remains unclear. In our previous study, we have shown that thromboxane (TX) A₂ is involved in itch-associated responses in mice with atopy-like skin diseases.

血小板内皮细胞粘附分子(CD31)在肾细胞癌中表达的研究

目的:探讨CD_(31)在肾细胞癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化法对20例肾细胞癌手术标本中CD_(31)的表达进行检测,用图象分析软件分析平均光密度及阳性表达率,并与20例正常肾脏组织标本的表达作对照分析。结果:肾细胞癌组织CD_(31)阳性表达率100%(20/20),平均光密度0.13±0.03,正常肾脏组织CD_(31)阳性表达率10%(2/20),平均光密度0.014±0.005,两者比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。肿块>3cm、有淋巴结转移、TNM分期T_3 T_4期和病理分级G_2 G_3肾细胞癌患者CD_(31)表达分别高于肿块<3cm、无淋巴结转移、T_1T_2及G_1患者,均具有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:CD_(31)在肾细胞癌的表达显著高于正常肾组织的表达,并与肾细胞癌的临床分期早晚、肿块大小、分化程度高低及转移与否成正相关,表明CD_(31)与肾细胞癌的发生、发展、分期、分级及预后密切相关。检测CD_(31)在肾细胞癌中的表达有助于了解病变的发展阶段和予后评估,可否作为肾细胞癌病理评价的生物学指标,值得进一步研究。     

ext quickly and intelligen

ing the system from the implement technology.At the same time,the key technologies to realize the system is also discussed in detail,such as robot technology,analysis of Web page content,the hyperlink structure and Chinese text classification,which includes Chinese words segmentation,feature extraction,feature match and wight value calculating technology etc.Web text inform     

抗氧化剂SS-31肽对脓毒症小鼠海马神经元凋亡与炎症反应的影响

目的：观察抗氧化剂 SS-31肽对脓毒症小鼠海马神经元凋亡与炎症反应的影响。方法：成年雄性 C57BL/6小鼠65只随机分为3组：假手术组（Sham 组,15只）、脓毒症组（CLP 组,25只）和脓毒症+SS-31肽组（SS-31肽组,25只）。 CLP 组和 SS-31肽组建立盲肠结扎穿孔模型。术毕 SS-31肽组腹腔注射 SS-31肽（5 mg·kg-1）,Sham 组和 CLP 组注射等容生理盐水,连续单次注射6天。记录术后7天内死亡率;随后处死小鼠取海马组织,检测线粒体活性氧自由基（ROS）水平,Western bloting 检测总细胞色素 C（Cyt C）、细胞质 Cyt C、caspase 3和 Nlrp 3含量;酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平。结果：与CLP 组相比,SS-31肽组7天死亡率明显降低（52% vs 24%）,线粒体 ROS 水平、细胞质 Cyt C、caspase 3和 Nlrp 3含量以及 IL-1β、NSE 水平均减少（P<0.05）。结论：抗氧化剂 SS-31肽可降低脓毒症小鼠脑海马组织中线粒体 ROS 水平,抑制凋亡和炎症反应,改善损伤,降低死亡率。     

Comparison of Different Cermet Coatings Sprayed on Magnesium Alloy by HVOF

In the present study, two different cermet coatings, WC–CrC–Ni and Cr₃C₂–NiCr, manufactured by the high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) method were studied. They are labeled as follows: WC–CrC–Ni coating—WC and Cr₃C₂–NiCr coating—CrC. These coatings were deposited onto a magnesium alloy (AZ31) substrate. The goal of the study was to compare these two types of cermet coating, which were investigated in terms of microstructure features and selected mechanical properties, such as hardness, instrumented indentation, fracture toughness, and wear resistance. The results reveal that the WC content influenced the hardness and Young’s modulus. The most noticeable effect of WC addition was observed for the wear resistance. WC coatings had a wear intensity value that was almost two times lower, equal to 6.5·10⁻⁶ mm³/N·m, whereas for CrC ones it was equal to 12.6·10⁻⁶ mm³/N·m. On the other hand, the WC coating exhibited a lower value of fracture toughness.     

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse in Galicia,Spain: HPV 16 prevalence and vaccination impact

Introduction

The etiology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) can influence the efficacy of Public Health preventive strategies. This study aimed to determine the high-risk papillomavirus (HR-HPV) prevalence in CIN2+ cases in unvaccinated women in Galicia (Spain), the expected impact of bivalent vaccination, and the distribution of HPV 16 in squamous lesions.

Material and methods

Ninety-four histologically confirmed cases of CIN2+ (2009–2010) were retrospectively studied: 23 CIN2, 58 CIN3− squamous carcinoma in situ (CIN3-CIS), 5 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and 8 invasive squamous cervical cancer (SCC). Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) was performed on the cervical specimens. Bivalent vaccination impact was calculated, based on regional vaccination coverage data, local HR-HPV prevalence, and reported efficacy (direct and cross-protection) of the vaccine.

Results

HR-HPV prevalence was 96.8%. The most frequent genotypes were HPV 16 (48.8–58.2%) and HPV 31 (9.3%–12.1%), considering single infections or single-multiple infections, respectively (hierarchical attribution). In squamous lesions, HPV 16 prevalence in women younger than 45 years of age increased in severe lesions (CIN3-CIS/SCC, OR 4.2), and was higher than in older women (OR 5.5). The vaccine could reduce the cumulative incidence of CIN2+ by 50.6% (direct protection), or by 62.7% (direct and cross-protection).

Conclusion

HPV vaccination could have a great impact in women younger than 45 years of age due to the high prevalence of HPV 16 in their lesions.