配偶同步心理干预对肺结核患者负性情绪和生活质量的影响

目的探讨配偶同步心理干预对肺结核患者负性情绪和生活质量的影响。方法选取2016年1月～2018年1月在该院治疗的肺结核患者共100例,随机分为观察组与对照组。两组患者均予以常规的治疗,对照组患者只对肺结核患者进行心理干预,观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上对患者与配偶进行同步心理干预。两组患者均干预3个月,分别在干预前后评估患者负性情绪及生活质量情况。结果干预3个月后,两组患者SAS、SDS评分均较干预前下降(P0.05或P0.01),且治疗后观察组下降幅度较对照组更显著(P0.05);干预3个月后,两组患者生活质量SF-36评分均较干预前明显上升(P0.05或P0.01),且治疗后观察组上升幅度较对照组更显著(P0.05)。结论对肺结核患者进行有效的配偶同步心理干预能改善患者的负性情绪,提高患者的生活质量。     

心理干预对老年糖尿病肾病患者负性心理因素的影响

目的研究心理干预对老年糖尿病肾病患者负性心理因素的影响。方法选取我院2015年5月~2017年5月接收的70例老年糖尿病肾病患者,按照随机数表法分为两组,其中对照组35例,对其进行常规的护理干预,观察组35例,在常规护理的基础上对其进行心理护理干预,对比分析两种护理干预方式对老年糖尿病肾病患者负性心理因素的影响。结果治疗后,观察组患者在负性心理改善方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者护理满意度为97.1%,对照组患者护理满意度为71.4%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在对老年糖尿病肾病患者进行护理干预时,实施心理护理干预能够显著改善患者的负性心理,促进患者对医院护理满意度、临床治疗效果的提高,值得在临床推广应用。     

集束化综合护理对ICU老年患者术后负面情绪障碍的影响

【摘要】目的 探讨ICU老年患者术后负面情绪障碍的集束化综合护理效果。方法 选择2016年1月～2017年9月在雅安市人民医院ICU住院治疗的80例手术外科老年患者为研究对象,用随机数字表法将患者分成观察组和对照组各40例。两组均行手术治疗并入住ICU,其中对照组患者给予常规护理;观察组患者在常规护理的基础上给予集束化综合护理。护理结束后对比两组患者护理满意度、护理舒适度评分、焦虑及抑郁评分差异。结果〓观察组对护理工作的满意度高于对照组（P＜005),观察组护理后焦虑及抑郁评分均优于对照组(P＜005),在病情保证、获取信息、被接纳、支持、舒适 5个方面的护理舒适度评分观察组均高于对照组（P＜005)。结论 集束化综合护理能提高患者的满意度,降低患者的负面情绪,具有临床应用价值。     

Persistent Ventral Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Resolved Amygdala Hyper-responses to Negative Outcomes After Depression Remission: A Combined Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mood disorder affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Biased processing of negative information and neural hyper-responses to negative events are hallmarks of depression. This study combined cross-sectional and longitudinal experiments to explore both persistent and resolved neural hyper-responses to negative outcomes from risky decision making in patients with current MDD (cMDD) and remitted MDD (rMDD).MethodsA total of 264 subjects participated in the cross-sectional study, including 117 patients with medication-naïve, first-episode current depression; 45 patients with rMDD with only 1 episode of depression; and 102 healthy control subjects. Participants completed a modified balloon analog risk task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. In the longitudinal arm of the study, 42 patients with cMDD were followed and 26 patients with rMDD were studied again after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment.ResultsPatients with cMDD showed hyper-responses to loss outcomes in multiple limbic regions including the amygdala and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC). Amygdala but not vACC hyperactivity correlated with depression scores in patients with cMDD. Furthermore, amygdala hyperactivity resolved while vACC hyperactivity persisted in patients with rMDD in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.ConclusionsThese findings provide consistent evidence supporting differential patterns of amygdala and vACC hyper-responses to negative outcomes during depression remission. Amygdala hyperactivity may be a symptomatic and state-dependent marker of depressive neural responses, while vACC hyperactivity may reflect a persistent and state-independent effect of depression on brain function. These findings offer new insights into the neural underpinnings of depression remission and prevention of depression recurrence.     

Short-Term Mindfulness Intervention on Adolescents’ Negative Emotion under Global Pandemic

Objective: In this research, we tried to explore how short-term mindfulness (STM) intervention affects adolescents’ anxiety, depression, and negative and positive emotion during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: 10 classes were divided into experiment groups (5 classes; n = 238) and control (5 classes; n = 244) randomly. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were used to measure participants’ dependent variables. In the experiment group, we conducted STM practice interventions every morning in their first class from March to November 2020. No interventions were conducted in the control group. Methods: Paired-sample t-tests were used to identify if a significant difference exists between every time point of the experimental and control groups. Repeated ANOVA and Growth Mixture Model (GMM) were used to analyze the tendency of positive and negative emotions, anxiety, and depression in the experimental group. Results and Conclusions: (1) With the intervention of STM, there was a significant decrease in negative emotions and an increase in positive emotions in the experimental group, whereas there were non-significant differences in the control group. (2) To explore the heterogeneity trajectories of dependent variables, we built a GMM and found there were two latent growth classes in the trajectories. (3) The results of the models showed their trajectories were downward, which meant that the levels of anxiety, depression, and negative emotions of participants decreased during the STM training period. Nonetheless, the score of positive affect showed upward in three loops of intervention, which indicated that the level of the participants’ positive affect increased through the STM intervention. (4) This research indicated that STM should be given increasing consideration to enhance mental health during the worldwide outbreak of COVID-19.     

合肥市某中学超重、肥胖与不同性别初中学生心理健康水平的相关性

目的了解超重、肥胖与男女初中学生生活满意度、抑郁、焦虑、自我意识水平之间的相关性。方法对象为合肥市某中学1818名初一和初二学生,用多维学生生活满意度量表、流行病学调查中心用抑郁量表、特质焦虑量表和儿童自我意识量表及相应的评价标准进行心理健康评定,同时测量身高、体重,计算体重指数(BMI)值。参考中国儿童青少年超重和肥胖筛查BMI值分类标准进行分组,分析男女生及体重正常、超重、肥胖组学生心理健康状况的差异以及男女生BMI与4个量表评分的相关性。结果男生超重和肥胖检出率(21．5%和7．7%)显著高于女生(8．0%和2．8%)。体重正常组生活满意度评分的性别差异有统计学意义(P=0．002),超重组抑郁评分的性别差异有统计学意义(P=0．046)。在女生中,体重正常、超重和肥胖3组的抑郁、特质焦虑和自我意识评分的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．05),肥胖组抑郁和焦虑评分显著高于体重正常组(P=0．012和P=0．035),肥胖组自我意识评分低于体重正常组(P=0．014),超重组抑郁评分高于体重正常组(P=0．025)。结论超重、肥胖检出率女生低于男生,但女生超重和肥胖者心理健康水平与体重正常者的差别较男生明显。     

认知行为护理干预对早期卵巢癌患者负面情绪和自我效能感的影响

目的探讨认知行为护理干预对早期卵巢癌患者负面情绪和自我效能感的影响。方法将98例早期卵巢癌患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组49例。对照组患者给予常规护理,干预组患者在给与常规护理的基础上进行认知行为护理干预,比较两组患者的负面情绪和自我效能感。结果两组患者护理后焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均较护理前降低(P<0.05)。干预组SAS和SDS评分分别为(36.4±9.3)分和(36.8±10.7)分,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者护理后一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分均较护理前升高(P<0.05);干预组GSES评分为(31.5±4.2)分,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施认知行为干预有助于缓解早期卵巢癌患者的负面情绪,提高自我效能感,促进患者身心健康。     

心理护理干预在缓解冠状动脉硬化性心脏病患者负性情绪中的应用

目的:探讨心理护理干预在缓解冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(CAHD)患者负性情绪中的应用效果.方法:将180例伴有负性情绪的CAHD患者随机分为观察组和对照组各90例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在此基础上给予相应的心理护理干预.入院后24 h内和出院前24 h内分别填写Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS),评价患者负性情绪的变化.结果:观察组干预后SAS和SDS评分较干预前显著降低(P＜0.05),而对照组干预前后评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预后观察组SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:有效的心理护理干预可明显消除或缓解CAHD患者的负性情绪,有助于患者的治疗与康复.     

心理护理干预对血液透析患者负性情绪和生活质量的影响

目的:探讨心理护理干预对血液透析患者负性情绪和生活质量的影响.方法:将82例血液透析患者随机分为对照组和观察组各41例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在此基础上采取心理护理干预.护理干预前后分别采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组患者的负性情绪进行评分比较,护理干预后采用简明健康调查量表(SF-36)对两组患者的生活质量水平进行比较.结果:护理干预后观察组患者焦虑、抑郁评分明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),患者生活质量显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:对血液透析患者应用心理护理干预不仅可以有效地改善患者的负性情绪,还能够提高其生活质量.     

Type II focal cortical dysplasia: electroclinical phenotype and surgical outcome related to imaging

Purpose: Type II focal cortical dysplasia (TTFCD), a highly epileptogenic lesion with severe epilepsy curable by surgery, is missed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in about one third of cases. Little is known about the electroclinical presentation in these MRI‐negative patients and a poor surgical outcome is frequently reported. We compared the clinical and neurophysiologic features in MRI‐negative and MRI‐positive cases in order to better identify candidates for surgery. Methods: Among 62 consecutive TTFCD patients (38 male, 24 female; 7–52 years old; 22 children) operated for intractable epilepsy, 25 (40%) presented negative MRI findings. We compared the history of epilepsy; the type, frequency, and distribution of seizures; neurologic examination cognitive and psychiatric impairment; interictal‐ictal electroencephalography (EEG) and stereo‐EEG (SEEG) data, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) data, neuropathologic findings; and surgical outcome in the MRI‐negative and the MRI‐positive groups. Key Findings: Severe partial epilepsy beginning in childhood, high seizure frequency including status epilepticus, stereotyped seizures suggestive of precise brain localization, extratemporal location and functional area involvement were characteristic and similarly found in both groups. On EEG, pseudorhythmic activity was found in about 40% of patients in each group. SEEG recordings demonstrated the typical pattern characterizing TTFCD in both groups. FDG‐PET had a localization value in 84% of the MRI‐negative cases and helped to delineate the dysplastic cortex in 65% of the MRI‐positive cases. The combination of imaging and neurophysiologic data allowed us to perform safe and restricted resections, limited to a single gyrus in more than half of all cases. In addition, we were able to avoid invasive monitoring in most MRI‐positive cases and even in some selected MRI‐negative cases. The proportion of patients with a favorable surgical outcome was comparable in both groups (88% in MRI‐negative and 94% in MRI‐positive cases). The main difference between the groups was a significantly higher frequency of sleep‐related epilepsy in the MRI‐negative group (p = 0.028). This phenotypic characteristic provides a new argument for TTFCD in MRI‐negative extratemporal epilepsy. Significance: These results lead us to consider that children or adult patients in whom electroclinical data suggest TTFCD, are highly suitable for surgery, especially for cryptogenic sleep‐related epilepsy.