子宫内膜异位症不孕并发内膜息肉的病理特征及手术后复发分析

目的:分析子宫内膜异位症(EM)不孕患者发生内膜息肉情况及病理特征。方法:收集本院2016年1月-2017年1月收治的不孕患者,EM 67例为观察组,非EM 82例为对照组,比较两组内膜息肉发生率,观察组r-AFS不同分期内膜息肉发生率、治疗后临床妊娠率,分析发生内膜息肉的病理特征。结果:观察组内膜息肉发生率(31.3%)及息肉复发率(11.9%)高于对照组(12.2%、2.4%)(P<0.05);观察组EMⅠ期患者内膜息肉发生率17.7%、无复发,Ⅱ期内膜息肉发生率32.0%、复发率8.0%,Ⅲ期内膜息肉发生率40.0%、复发率20.0%,Ⅳ期内膜息肉发生率40.0%、复发率30.0%,各期发生率及复发率比较无差异(P>0.05);卵巢型内膜息肉发生率25.0%、复发率10.0%,腹膜型内膜息肉发生率29.0%、复发率9.7%,DIE型内膜息肉发生率43.8%、复发率18.8%,EM不同病理类型内膜息肉发生率及复发率无差异(P>0.05)。结论:EM不孕患者发生内膜息肉几率较大,及时手术切除息肉可提高妊娠率,临床应及早诊断和治疗。     

51例微波内镜疗法的临床应用

用微波内镜腔内加热疗法治疗51例不同病种的患者,结果显示,食管、胃、肠道息肉的治愈率为97.3%(36/37);食管癌吞咽困难缓解率为33%(1/3),且以息肉样隆起型疗效较好。灼除广基息肉时用“顶部法”,而对有蒂息肉则用“基底两侧法”为佳。微波对组织的作用强度与组织承受天线的压力、仪器的功率、天线接触组织的时间关系密切。该疗法显示出价廉、简便、安全、实用,无严重并发症等优点。     

大肠息肉内镜表现与病理特征及恶变关系研究

目的：探讨大肠息肉的内镜下表现与病理特征及其恶变的关系。方法：对门诊患者大肠镜普查发现的361例大肠息肉的内镜及病理特征作回顾性分析。结果：息肉恶变42例42枚（10.5%)。息肉≤5mm者无恶变,6-9mm者恶变率0.9%,10-19mm者恶变率11.8%,≥20mm者恶变率38.5%;腺癌性息肉恶变率9.7%,增生性息肉恶率4.5%,80例炎性息肉有1例恶变。绒毛状腺瘤性息肉是息肉恶变的高危因素,恶变率（19/80）23.8%;恶变的息肉内镜下均表现为宽蒂或无蒂,表达充血或糜烂。结论：息肉恶变与其大小、形态和组织病理类型相关,腺瘤性息肉体积越大,绒毛状结构越多,癌变机会越高;增生性息肉、炎性息肉亦有恶变;大肠息肉不论大小、性质应尽可能予以切除。     

孤立性蝶窦病变的诊断与治疗

目的;提高孤立性蝶窦病变的诊断和治疗率。方法;总结使用鼻窦内窥镜诊治孤立性蝶窦病变１２例的全过程。结果：１２例孤立性蝶窦病变的患者的均获准确诊断,使用鼻窦镜行经鼻腔蝶窦手术,有效率为８３．３％,随访６￣２４个月,１０例无复发,复发２例二次手术后治愈;结论：孤立性蝶窦病变患者可用鼻窦内窥镜诊断与治疗。     

血管运动性鼻炎激光治疗鼻腔粘膜致敏区的筛选

目的 :随访和对比激光治疗血管运动性鼻炎鼻腔粘膜不同区域的致敏性 ,以明确最佳治疗点。方法 :随机选择确诊的血管运动性鼻炎 1 0 3例 ,分为下鼻甲、中鼻甲、中鼻甲前 1 /3段 3组进行激光治疗。结果 :下鼻甲组总有效率为 66.7% ,中鼻甲组为 97.1 % ,中鼻甲前 1 /3段为 94.4% ,两中鼻甲组与下鼻甲组总有效率差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 0 5) ,中鼻甲组与中鼻甲前 1 /3段组总有效率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5)。结论 :中鼻甲前 1 /3段是血管运动性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜最敏感的区域 ,是最佳激光治疗点。     

Effect of irrigation of the nose with isotonic salt solution on adult patients with chronic paranasal sinus disease

In a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial we compared the effectiveness of endonasal irrigations with Ems salt solution to that with sodium chloride solution in the treatment of adult patients with chronic paranasal sinus disease. Subjects (n = 40) were randomly allocated to treatment either with isotonic Ems salt solution or with isotonic sodium chloride solution. The treatment consisted of endonasal irrigation twice daily and additional nasal spray as required. Nasal endoscopy, plain radiography of the paranasal sinuses, olfactometry, anterior rhinomanometry, and a saccharin-clearance test were carried out on days 1 and 7. Patients recorded rating scales of general discomfort, nasal airway obstruction, agreeableness of the irrigation, duration of improved nasal resistance after each irrigation, and the amount of additional nasal spray in a diary. Nasal air flow was not improved significantly. Subjective complaints, endonasal endoscopy, and radiography results revealed a significant improvement in both groups (P = 0.0001). In comparison, the two groups were not significantly different in outcome. Endonasal irrigations with salt solutions are effective in the treatment of chronic sinusitis, and a significant difference between Ems salt and sodium chloride was not observed. Received: 18 January 2000 / Accepted: 20 July 2000     

针刺对变应性鼻炎患者血浆内皮素及鼻粘膜微血管的影响

目的对３３例常年性变应性鼻炎患者进行针刺治疗,以观察其对血浆内皮素（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ,ＥＴ）及鼻粘膜微血管的影响。方法①血浆ＥＴ测定：采用特异性放射免疫法（均相竞争法）直接测定血浆ＥＴ含量。②鼻粘膜微血管的观察：主要观察鼻粘膜微血管管径、管袢数及鼻粘膜微血管的形态。③针刺治疗：选择曲池、血海两穴进行针刺。结果变应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜微血管管径针刺后较针刺前增粗;针刺后变应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜微血管形态变化以灯丝状微血管增多、网络状微血管减少为特征;变应性鼻炎患者鼻粘膜微血管管袢数针刺后较针刺前增多;变应性鼻炎患者针刺后血浆ＥＴ含量明显降低。结论变应性鼻炎针刺后鼻粘膜微循环明显改善,表现为鼻粘膜微血管管径增粗,灯丝状微血管增多、网络状微血管减少,管拌数增加,并与血浆ＥＴ存在密切关系,其机理可能是通过降低血浆ＥＴ的水平而起作用的。     

小儿鼻颅底针形内窥镜的检查与手术

目的：探讨应用针形内窥镜对小儿鼻颅底疾病进行探查与手术的方法及疗效。方法：在外径１．９ｍｍ的进口针形内窥镜及电视同图像系统监视下,对８例小儿（７ｄ￣１２岁）鼻颅底有关疾病进行探杳与手术。结果：先天性后鼻孔闭锁３例中,１例好转,３例痊愈。外伤性脑脊液鼻漏１例,经修补痊愈先天性脑膜脑膨出２例,确诊后１例暂缓治疗。另１例行内窥镜手术痊愈。颅底神经母细胞瘤２例取材作病理检查确诊。结论：在电视图像监视下应用     

蝶窦囊肿诊治47例分析

目的：提高对蝶窦囊肿的认识,以利于其诊断和治疗,方法：回顾性分析蝶窦囊肿４７例,总结其发病趋势、临床表现,影像学特征及治疗效果。结果：蝶窦囊肿最主要的临床症状为头痛,约占６４％;其次为眼部症状,再次为鼻部症状。蝶窦囊肿最易易及视神经,影响者视力,早期手术有利于神经力的恢复。鼻内窥镜下蝶窦囊肿摘除了术有损伤小,出血少,痛苦轻,手术时间短、安全,术后恢复快等优点。结论：ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ和鼻内窥镜的应用,提     

Schwannoma of the nasal septum: a case report with review of the literature

Schwannomas are neurogenic neoplasms rarely found in the sinonasal tract, where localization to the nasal septum is exceedingly rare (only 11 cases have been described in the western literature). We report the case of a 29-year-old white male with a schwannoma completely filling the left nasal fossa and arising from the bony part of the septum. A computer tomography (CT) scan and a biopsy suggestive of benign schwannoma were obtained before the lesion was removed by a degloving approach. The preoperative diagnosis of nasal septum schwannoma was confirmed. The patient is asymptomatic and without endoscopic evidence of recurrence 7 years after surgery. A review of the literature with particular emphasis on the clinical presentation, histological features, differential diagnosis and therapeutic options for such a rare lesion is included. Received: 11 June 1999 / Accepted: 10 February 2000