Effect of a combined dance/movement and music therapy on young adults diagnosed with severe autism

Current literature is scarce on the potential effects of combined dance/movement and music therapy on adults diagnosed with severe autism, particularly in distinguishing these effects on different areas of psychopathological disorders. We set two goals: first, to assess the effectiveness based on the score the participants obtained from the Revised Clinical Scale for the Evaluation of Autistic Behavior (ECA-R) after a series of dance/movement and music therapeutic procedures on adults with severe autism; second, to contrast the differences in effectiveness in concrete areas defined by subscales of the ECA-R, especially in its defined 2 factors and 12 functions. An overall of 36 one-hour sessions were carried out during 17 weeks on a sample of 8 participants with severe autism (approximately 2 sessions per week). During the treatment 8 measurements were taken (1 every 3 weeks) from this sample and from a control sample, which was also comprised of 8 subjects who were equally monitored at the same care center by two independent psychologists. Our experimental study seems to suggest that combined dance/movement and music therapy could be effective if used regularly for the improvement of autistic symptoms in adults diagnosed with severe autism.     

音乐疗法在妇科腹腔镜全麻患者拔管期的应用研究

目的探讨音乐疗法对全麻妇科腹腔镜手术患者围拔管期的影响。方法将120例择期行妇科腹腔镜手术患者,随机分为对照组和实验组各60例。对照组术前1d接受常规麻醉医生访视和手术室护士心理护理,实验组则增设音乐疗法。观察两组患者围拔管期心率、血压的变化及发生躁动的概率。记录两组拔管的时间及并发症发生情况。结果两组患者均按预期顺利完成手术,术后苏醒并顺利拔管。实验组拔管期躁动的发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;实验组在拔管期心率、血压与对照组比较更为平稳（P〈0.05）;两组拔管时间比较差异无统计学意义;两组患者均无重大并发症发生。结论实施音乐疗法护理干预较常规心理护理更能减轻患者拔管期躁动等应激不良反应,提高患者全麻苏醒护理质量。     

Effects of prenatal music stimulation on fetal cardiac state,newborn anthropometric measurements and vital signs of pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundMusic has been used for medicinal purposes throughout history due to its variety of physiological, psychological and social effects.ObjectiveTo identify the effects of prenatal music stimulation on the vital signs of pregnant women at full term, on the modification of fetal cardiac status during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, and on anthropometric measurements of newborns taken after birth.Material and methodA randomized controlled trial was implemented. The four hundred and nine pregnant women coming for routine prenatal care were randomized in the third trimester to receive either music (n = 204) or no music (n = 205) during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph. All of the pregnant women were evaluated by measuring fetal cardiac status (basal fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity), vital signs before and after a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph (maternal heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), and anthropometric measurements of the newborns were taken after birth (weight, height, head circumference and chest circumference).ResultsThe strip charts showed a significantly increased basal fetal heart rate and higher fetal reactivity, with accelerations of fetal heart rate in pregnant women with music stimulation. After the fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in women receiving music stimulation was observed.ConclusionMusic can be used as a tool which improves the vital signs of pregnant women during the third trimester, and can influence the fetus by increasing fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity.     

Perceiving rhythm where none exists: Event-related potential (ERP) correlates of subjective accenting

Previous research suggests that our past experience of rhythmic structure in music results in a tendency for Western listeners to subjectively accent equitonal isochronous sequences. We have shown in an earlier study that the occurrence of a slightly softer tone in the 8th to 11th position of such a sequence evokes a P300 event-related potential (ERP) response of different amplitudes depending on whether the tone occurs in putatively subjectively accented or unaccented sequence positions (Brochard et al., 2003). One current theory of rhythm processing postulates that subjective accenting is the result of predictive modulations of perceptual processes by the attention system. If this is the case then ERP modulations should be observed at an earlier latency than the P300 and these should be observed in ERPs to both standard and softer tones. Such effects were not observed in our previous study. This was possibly due to the use of a linked-mastoid reference which may have obscured lateralized differences. The aim of the present study was to replicate the previous auditory P300 subjective accenting findings and to investigate the possibility that these effects are preceded by ERP changes that are indicative of rhythmic modulation of perceptual processing. Previous auditory P300 findings were replicated. In addition and consistent with current theories of rhythm processing, early brain ERP differences were observed both in standard and deviant tones from the onset of the stimulus. These left lateralized differences are consistent with a rhythmic, endogenously driven, modulation of perception that influences the conscious experience of equitonal isochronous sequences.     

Can antistress music tapes reduce mental stress?

The effects of so-called antistress music tapes on reduction of mental stress were examined using Cox and Mackay's SACL, Japanese edition (J-SACL). Fifty-two subjects were exposed to experimentally induced stressful situations and the J-SACL was administered before and after this stress exposure. The results indicated that: (1) music tapes in general could reduce both the stress and arousal factors of the J-SACL; (2) however, differential effects in stress reduction of antistress music tapes were not demonstrated; (3) stress-reducing effects were more prominent in stress than in arousal factors.     

Butterbur root extract and music therapy in the prevention of childhood migraine: An explorative study

Background: Migraine is very common in school‐aged children, but despite a number of pharmacological and non‐pharmacological options for prophylaxis, randomized controlled evidence in children is small. Evidence‐based prophylactic drugs may have considerable side effects. Objective: This study was to assess efficacy of a butterbur root extract (Petadolex®) and music therapy in primary school children with migraine. Design: Prospective, randomized, partly double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group trial. Methods: Following a 8‐week baseline patients were randomized and received either butterbur root extract (n=19), music therapy (n=20) or placebo (n=19) over 12 weeks. All participants received additionally headache education (“treatment as usual”) from the baseline onwards. Reduction of headache frequency after treatment (8‐week post‐treatment) as well as 6 months later (8‐week follow‐up) was the efficacy variable. Results: Data analysis of subjects completing the respective study phase showed that during post‐treatment, only music therapy was superior to placebo (p=0.005), whereas in the follow‐up period both music therapy and butterbur root extract were superior to placebo (p=0.018 and p=0.044, respectively). All groups showed a substantial reduction of attack frequency already during baseline. Conclusion: Butterbur root extract and music therapy might be superior to placebo and may represent promising treatment approaches in the prophylaxis of paediatric migraine.     

两种音乐治疗方式对痴呆患者精神行为症状效果的比较

目的：了解两种音乐治疗方式对痴呆患者精神行为症状的改善效果。方法从3个老年病房随机各挑选25例住院痴呆患者,随机分为联合治疗组（主动式音乐治疗联合被动式音乐治疗）,被动治疗组（被动式音乐治疗）及对照组,进行为期12周的研究,在干预前后使用神经精神科问卷（NPI）对3组患者的精神行为症状进行评定。结果联合治疗组及被动治疗组在 NPI 量表的激越、抑郁、焦虑、淡漠及激惹的得分均有明显改善（ P ＜0．01）。而且联合治疗组改善程度优于被动治疗组。结论联合及被动式音乐治疗均能改善患者的精神行为症状,而联合式音乐治疗效果更佳。     

音乐护理缓解白血病化疗患者恶心呕吐的效果观察

目的:探讨音乐护理缓解白血病化疗患者恶心、呕吐的效果。方法:60例白血病患者随机分为化疗期间进行音乐护理组(A组)和无音乐护理组(B组),每组30例。采用恶心、呕吐、干呕症状评估量表(INVR)作为评估工具,评估患者化疗后出现的恶心、呕吐、干呕症状。结果:化疗3 d,A组化疗的恶心、呕吐等不良反应轻,与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:音乐护理能有效地降低患者恶心、呕吐的发生率,缩短经历时间及减轻症状的严重程度,提高患者对化疗的耐受性,减轻痛苦。     

高压氧联合音乐疗法治疗神经性皮炎的疗效观察

目的观察高压氧联合音乐疗法对神经性皮炎的治疗效果。方法高压氧联合音乐疗法治疗25例患者,观察皮损消退情况。结果本组患者获得满意疗效,皮损有不同程度的消退。结论高压氧联合音乐疗法治疗有利于皮损的愈合,值得推广应用。     

音乐疗法在体外冲击波碎石术中的应用

目的探讨音乐疗法在体外冲击波碎石术中的应用效果。方法将本院首次行体外冲击波碎石术的患者98例随机分为两组,对照组49例患者给予常规护理,观察组49例患者则在对照组的基础上采用音乐疗法,并比较两组患者在碎石前、碎石中的血压、心率、疼痛和焦虑程度。结果观察组患者在术中血压、心率、疼痛与焦虑程度与对照组相比均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论音乐疗法作为术中护理措施,能够降低术中患者的疼痛和焦虑情绪,使生命体征平稳,有利于手术的顺利进行。