人体体温下UHMWPE人工髋臼材料压缩性能的试验研究

模拟人体体温下对超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）人工髋臼材料进行了压缩力学性能的试验研究,并与室温下的试验结果进行了对比.当由室温22℃升高到体温37℃和40℃时,其屈服应力呈明显的下降趋势,分别下降了23.1%和31.9%,由体温37℃升高到40℃时,二者仅差3℃,其屈服应力亦下降了11.5%.同时还对不同加载速度下UHMWPE试件压缩变形过程进行了红外辐射温度的监测与分析.不同加载速度下试件压缩变形过程中的红外辐射温度均有明显升高,加载时间越长,试件平均红外辐射温度越高.试验结果分析表明,不能忽视植入人体后UHMWPE人工髋臼局部受压时温度的升高,特别不能忽视植入人体后在人体体温作用下其力学性能的改变和下降,人体体温的作用是UHMWPE人工髋臼出现过早失效的原因之一.本试验研究为UHMWPE材料在人体环境中的应用研究提供了参考.     

Periovulatory increase in temperature difference within the rabbit oviduct

BACKGROUND: Earlier studies demonstrated a small temperature difference between the sperm storage and fertilization sites within the oviducts of rabbits and pigs. Our aim was to reveal the time dependence of this temperature difference relative to ovulation, and to determine how this difference is generated-by temperature elevation at one of these sites or by temperature decrease at the other site. METHODS: The temperature at the sperm storage site (at the isthmus near the uterotubal junction) and at the fertilization site (the isthmic-ampullary junction) of rabbit oviducts were measured before, during, and after ovulation by two probes, connected to digital thermometers. Rectal temperature was constantly measured and served as a control for body temperature. RESULTS: The temperature difference between the fertilization site and the storage site was 0.8+/-0.2 degrees C before ovulation. This difference increased at ovulation, reaching 1.6+/-0.1 degrees C after ovulation (P<0.03). This increased difference was mainly due to temperature decrease in the sperm storage site. CONCLUSION: The temperature-difference increase within the rabbit oviduct is generated at ovulation by a reduced temperature at the sperm storage site. This temperature gradient may play a role in mammalian reproduction via sperm thermotaxis.     

Local thermal unpleasantness and discomfort prediction in the vicinity of thermoneutrality

This work emphasizes a better understanding of the origin of human thermal discomfort under heterogeneous but steady environments, in subjects in the vicinity of physiological and sensory thermoneutrality. The knowledge of skin temperatures allows a psychophysiological study aiming at linking the body thermal state (local and global) to thermal sensation (perceptive and affective judgements). By using two driving simulators, 345 subjects were exposed to different thermal environments, modulated by factors such as the air distribution in the automotive cockpit or the clothing insulation (winter or summer). This work shows that consideration of the local thermal state is essential for the evaluation of thermal comfort in the case of non-uniform environments. Our experimental conditions point out that the overall sensation of discomfort is quantitative, with local unpleasantness needing to be felt for a certain number of body surfaces. A local origin is suggested for cold discomfort, in opposition to the global characteristics of warm discomfort.     

2000年～2004年淋球菌深圳分离株的耐药性变迁

目的了解深圳地区淋球菌流行状况和耐药趋势,为淋病的预防和治疗提供依据.方法琼脂稀释法测定青霉素、四环素、壮观霉素、头孢三嗪和环丙沙星对246株淋球菌的最低抑茵浓度,头孢硝噻吩纸片法检测β-内酰胺酶.结果淋球茵PPNG和TRNG阳性率呈逐年上升趋势;淋球菌对5种常规抗生素的耐药性均有不同程度增强,尤以环丙沙星耐药性增强突出.结论深圳地区淋球菌耐药状况较为严重,大观霉素可作为淋病治疗的首选药物.临床应加强淋球茵耐药性监测并根据药物敏感试验合理使用抗生素.     

智能化穴位温度检测仪的研制及实验研究

在经络穴位的生物物理属性中，由于皮肤温度比较灵敏，易于观察，又能及时反映该处血管的舒缩变化。作者利用铂电阻作为测温控头，用微机进行数据处理，并利用该系统进行人体皮肤温度的检测及分析。结果表明：皮肤温差点基本上是循经分布的。     

Relationship between frequency and amplitude of myocardial contractions in rats adapted to heat

After preliminary adaptation of rats to heat (for 3 h daily at 35°C for 1 month) the amplitude of contractions of the isolated papillary muscles from the left ventricle at 28°C at high frequency was higher than in control animals. This difference persisted at 36°C and disappeared at 25°C. It is postulated that adaptation to heat leaves a definite structural imprint in heart muscle cells.Laboratory of Pathophysiology of the Heart, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Physiology and Experimental Pathology of the Arid Zone, Academy of Sciences of the Turkmenian USSR, Ashkhabad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 10, pp. 1168–1170, October, 1976.     

Development of patient derived organoids for cancer drug screening applications

Cancer is a disease characterised by abnormal cell growth that can invade or spread to other regions of the body. Organoids are three-dimensional ex vivo tissue cultures made from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells or tissue that serve as a physiological model for cancer research. These are designed to recapitulate the in vivo properties of tumours. Importantly, effective recapitulation of the structure of tissues and function is believed to predict patient response, allowing for the creation of personalised therapy in a timely manner that may be used in the clinic. This Review discusses the pre-clinical model and different types of human organoids as models for the development of high throughput drug screening and also aims to highlight how organoids are shaping the future of cancer research.     

抗人卵巢癌×抗人CD3×抗CD28VH单链三特异抗体的胞内可溶表达、纯化及体外活性测定

目的　研究抗人卵巢癌 (ovariancarcinoma ,oc)×抗人CD3×抗CD2 8VH 单链三特异抗体(singlechaintrispecificantibody,scTsAb)在大肠杆菌中的可溶表达与纯化及纯化后产物的活性测定 ,从而为其应用于卵巢癌治疗的临床研究打下基础。方法　将已构建的scTsAb表达载体转化大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3)Star菌株 ,采用低温 (30℃ )、低剂量IPTG(0 .2mmol L)诱导 ,进行胞内可溶表达。根据抗卵巢癌三特异抗体 (ocTsAb)等电点较高 (pI9.0 ) ,而菌体蛋白大多为酸性蛋白的特点 ,利用DEAE弱阴离子交换层析(pH8.0 )进行一步纯化 ,并利用ELISA及FACS的方法检测纯化后抗卵巢癌三特异抗体的活性。结果　(1)SDS PAGE鉴定低温诱导时可溶比例达到 5 6 %。 (2 )绝大多数菌体蛋白被DEAE层析柱吸附 ,而抗卵巢癌三特异抗体在穿透液中流出 ,SDS PAGE检测纯度达到 90 %。 (3)ELISA结果显示纯化后的抗卵巢癌三特异抗体与重组CD2 8纯抗原 ,Jurkat(CD3 )细胞膜提取抗原 ,SKOV3细胞膜提取抗原均有特异性结合。 (4 )FACS结果证明纯化后的抗卵巢癌三特异抗体与Jurkat(CD3 )活细胞、SKOV3活细胞有特异性结合。结论　低温诱导胞内可溶表达的抗人卵巢癌×抗人CD3×抗CD2 8VH 单链三特异抗体经弱阴离子交换层析一步纯化后仍保持原有免疫学活性 ,这     

The Effects of Feedback Sensory Modality, Feedback Information Content, and Sex on Short-Term Biofeedback Training of Three Responses

In three factorial experiments, auditory vs visual vs tactile feedback, analog feedback vs analog feedback which was anchored, and sex, were varied to assess the effects of these variables on performance in short-term biofeedback training of heart rate reduction, hand temperature increase, and forehead muscle tension reduction. A total of 108 subjects served in the study. Moderate but reliable changes were found during the course of the training session for all three physiological responses. The ability to reduce heart rate in a single training session did not appear to be a function of any of the variables manipulated in this study, but rather could be attributed to adaptation. In both muscle tension and temperature training, however, there were significant interactions between sex and sensory modality of the feedback stimulus and, in the case of muscle tension training, between information content of the feedback signal and sex. The overall pattern of results indicated that performance during biofeedback training is a complicated function of sex and the type of signal used to provide feedback, and that this function is not constant across physiological response systems.