Effects of Classic Progressive Resistance Training Versus Eccentric-Enhanced Resistance Training in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Objective

To compare the effects of classic progressive resistance training (PRT) versus eccentric strength-enhanced training (EST) on the performance of functional tests and different strength manifestations in the lower limb of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Impact of Regular Physical Activity on Adipocytokines and Cardiovascular Characteristics in Spinal Cord–Injured Subjects

Objective

To investigate the relationship of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and cardiac structure and function with adipocytokines in sedentary (S-SCI) and physically active (PA-SCI) subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Reasons for Distress Among Burn Survivors at 6, 12, and 24 Months Postdischarge: A Burn Injury Model System Investigation

Objective

To identify important sources of distress among burn survivors at discharge and 6, 12, and 24 months postinjury, and to examine if the distress related to these sources changed over time.

Unravelling positive aspects of caregiving in dementia: An integrative review of research literature

Background: Family caregiving is the crucial informal care resource to lessen the burdens associated with dementia. Research in this field has focused on reducing the caregiver's burden, but little attention has been given to promoting the positive aspects of caregiving.Objectives: To conduct a systematic critical review of research on the nature of positive aspects of caregiving, and the factors predicting this phenomenon among family caregivers of dementia patients, with the ultimate purpose of gaining insights to explain how and why it emerges.Review methods: A systematic search of the literature was undertaken in the databases OvidMedline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus, using the keywords ‘care* AND Alzheimer OR dementia AND ‘positive aspect' OR ‘positive experience' OR ‘positive perceptions' OR reward OR gain OR ‘satisfaction with care*' OR ‘care* satisfaction' OR benefit OR uplift OR meaning OR enjoyment OR pleasure OR growth OR hope OR gratification. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists for qualitative and cohort studies were used to evaluate data quality. Narrative data synthesis was undertaken using the five-stage Whittermore and Knafl method.Results: A total of 3862 articles were identified, of which 41 were included in this review. The key findings are that positive aspects of caregiving among family caregivers of dementia patients form a multi-dimensional construct which covers four key domains: a sense of personal accomplishment and gratification, feelings of mutuality in a dyadic relationship, an increase of family cohesion and functionality, and a sense of personal growth and purpose in life. By integrating the findings about the nature and conditions predicting positive aspects of caregiving, the presence of three conditions was identified as promoting the emergence of such qualities i) personal and social affirmation of role fulfilment, ii) effective cognitive emotional regulation and iii) contexts which favour finding meaning in the caregiving process.Conclusion: The findings of this review provide insight into catalysing the paradigm shift from ‘reducing stress' to ‘optimising positive experience' in developing caregiving support services for dementia, and may guide future empirical study to explain this unique dimension of caregiving experience.     

Sex Differences in Prevalence of Emergency Department Patient Substance Use

Purpose

Substance use and misuse is prevalent in emergency department (ED) populations. While the prevalence of substance use and misuse is reported, sex-specific trends in ED populations have not been documented. We set out to determine the sex-specific prevalence of ED patient substance use during this current epidemic.

流浪精神障碍患者临床特征与安全管理对策

目的:了解流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征和危险因素,为进一步改进安全管理措施提供依据。方法:对收治由"110"民警送入院的120例流浪精神障碍患者,进行回顾性统计分析。结果:1流浪精神障碍患者共73例,其中男性47例,女性26例,男性多于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄18~68岁,平均年龄(33.95±12.24)岁;2合并躯体疾病30例(41.10%),以感染性疾病、皮肤软组织损伤、中重度贫血比例为高。结论:精神障碍患者外出流浪既有病理、心理和社会因素,又有独特社会人口学特征,掌握流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征,有效规避了精神科护理安全的风险,保证了患者的安全。     

基于三蝶烯架构的固有微孔聚酰亚胺网络的制备及其吸附特性

通过三氨基三蝶烯与3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸酐（PTCDA）、均苯四甲酸酐（PMDA）、3,3’,4,4’-联苯二酐（BPDA）以及螺环二酐（SBIDA）的缩聚反应分别合成了4种固有微孔聚酰亚胺材料(Trip-PIMs)。采用傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、固体核磁碳谱（Solid-state 13C-NMR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析(TG)和氮气吸附等测试手段表征了材料的微孔结构和物理化学性能,测试了材料对有机气体和液体的吸附性能。结果表明：三蝶烯结构的引入使材料获得了较高的比表面积,同时具有良好的溶胀特性;对比烷烃,该材料对胺类和苯类具有更高的吸附率;螺环结构的引入能进一步提高材料骨架的溶胀特性,从而提升材料的吸附能力。     

局部晚期鼻咽癌患者诱导化疗与IMRT同期化疗的远期疗效观察

目的:研究局部晚期鼻咽癌患者诱导化疗与IMRT同期化疗的远期疗效。方法:选择2008年1-12月我院接诊的130例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者进行研究。随机均分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用诱导化疗联合IMRT同期化疗对患者进行治疗,对照组采用IMRT同期化疗对患者进行治疗。治疗后,分析比较两组患者的不良反应、治疗失败情况及随访5年的远期生存情况。结果:两组患者的总生存率、无远处转移生存率、无复发生存率及无进展生存率无显著性差异(P>0.05);两组患者的急性和晚期不良反应无显著性差异(P>0.05);两组患者的治疗失败情况无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:对局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,与IMRT同期化疗相比,诱导化疗联合IMRT同步化疗并未明显改善患者预后。诱导化疗在局部晚期鼻咽癌同期放化疗中的作用仍需进一步研究。