Equine herpesvirus type 1 infected cell polypeptides: evidence for immediate early/early/late regulation of viral gene expression

EHV-1 polypeptide synthesis was examined in productively infected rabbit kidney and hamster embryo cells. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analyses of extracts from [35S]methionine- and 3H-amino acid-labeled-infected and mock-infected cultures revealed the presence of 30 infected cell-specific polypeptides (ICPs) which ranged in apparent molecular weights from 16.5K to 213K. Twenty-two of these ICPs comigrated with virion structural proteins. Four ICPs (203K, 176K, 151K, 129K) were detected in extracts of infected cultures labeled in the presence or absence of actinomycin D (Act D) immediately after release from a 4-hr treatment with cycloheximide (CH). These polypeptides, which were designated as EHV-1 immediate early (alpha) ICPs, were not detected in unblocked (non-CH-treated) infected cells. The most abundant ICP was a 31.5K nonstructural protein which, in addition to a 74K protein, was detected in unblocked infected cells at 2-3 hr postinfection. These proteins appeared to be regulated as early (beta) ICPs, since neither protein was observed in Act D-treated cultures released from CH block. Twelve ICPs were classified as late (gamma) polypeptides on the basis of their reduced synthesis in cultures in which viral DNA replication was inhibited by phosphonoacetic acid. All but one (40K) of these late ICPs corresponded to virion structural proteins.     

Axonal trajectory of single group Ia and Ib fibers in the cat spinal cord

Intracellular staining with HRP of physiologically identified group Ia and Ib afferent fibers in the adult cat lumbosacral cord revealed that group Ia and Ib fibers take a similar course in the dorsal funiculus, but the collaterals emerging from them show a different topographical distribution and a different mode of branching in the gray matter. Ia collaterals terminate in laminae VI, VII, IX, and sometimes VIII, whereas Ib collaterals terminate only in lamina VI, or both VI and IX. In lamina IX, two large motor-type neurons received terminations of both Ia and Ib fibers at the same time.     

用点突变的方法组建巨细胞病毒抗原决定簇基因的表达克隆

研究资料表明，人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭｖ）单一蛋白的单一抗原决定簇只能被部分患者阳性血清识别。组建在血清学诊断中能够替代全病毒抗原的基因工程抗原，需要含有病毒多种主要抗原蛋白的抗原决定簇。为搞清在表达载体中重复插入某一抗原决定簇基因是否能表达出更高抗原效价的融会蛋白，我们用点突变的方法，在表达载体中分别插入了人ＨＣＭｖ的ｐｐＵＬ３２蛋白羧基端一个抗原决定簇基因的１个、２个和３个拷贝。在免疫转印检测中，这些克隆表达的融合蛋白与特异性阳性血清的反应性差别不明显。这表明，插入表达载体中目的基因的多寡对表达蛋白的抗原效价没有显著影响。     

Chromosomal changes in bovine papillomavirus type 1-induced Syrian hamster tumors

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) induced fibrosarcomas in the Syrian hamster were studied cytogenetically by G- and C-banding techniques. All tumor derived cells showed chromosome abnormalities that remained stable during serial tumor transplantations. Cells without chromosome abnormalities found in two cultures were derived from the host animals on account of heterochromatin polymorphisms. In most tumors pseudodiploid cells prevailed, some cells were hypodiploid lacking one or two chromosomes, and one tumor showed two hyperdiploid cell clones with one and three additional chromosomes, respectively. Some of the chromosome abnormalities apparently are nonrandom. Three chromosomes (#1, #4, and #15) were most frequently involved in aberrations.     

Does hyperimmunoglobulinemia-E protect tropical populations from allergic disease?

The Waorani Indians of eastern Ecuador have the highest blood concentration of IgE reported in a human population. Evidence obtained by medical history, physical examination, and immediate hypersensitivity skin tests suggests that pollen allergy and other atopic diseases are rare among the Waorani. A similar association between parasite-induced hyperimmunoglobulinemia-E and a low prevalence of conventional atopic disease has been reported in numerous other tropical populations. Saturation of mast cell IgE receptors with antibodies directed to the parasite and/or other antigens and competitive inhibition of passive binding of pollen allergen-specific IgE is one hypothetical cause of this association. We have tested this interesting conjecture by passively sensitizing the skin of Waorani Indians with serum containing pollen allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Waorani Indians with hyperimmunoglobulinemia-E can be adoptively sensitized with human ragweed or rye grass hyperimmune IgE antisera. This suggests that the cutaneous mast cells of healthy Waorani have active IgE receptors. The high circulating plasma concentrations of IgE in the Waorani do not prevent adoptive cutaneous sensitization with pollen-specific IgE antibodies.     

Psychological and neuropsychological aspects of COPD

A review of the literature dealing with the effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on psychological and neuropsychological functioning indicates that significant emotional and adaptive deficits characterize this patient population. Psychiatric consultation can provide valuable assistance to the primary care physician by reducing emotional distress and correcting dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs. Neuropsychological assessment can elucidate an individual's neurobehavioral resources and deficits.     

Characterization of idiotopes on MOPC 315 IgA using monoclonal antiidiotypic antibodies

The isologous antiidiotypic response in BALB/c mice to immunization with the DNP-binding IgA myeloma protein, MOPC 315, alters the expression of the anti-DNP antibody repertoire and confers immunity against MOPC 315 myeloma tumors. In order to characterize the idiotopes on MOPC 315 IgA which elicit this response we have isolated four monoclonal antiidiotypic antibodies (AIA), D10 (IgG_2a), A2(IgG₁), G3 (IgG_2b) and F1 (IgG_2a), produced by splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with MOPC 315 IgA in three independent fusion experiments. These AIA react with MOPC 315 IgA. reassociated H³¹⁵ L³¹⁵ and F³¹⁵_V but not with free H³¹⁵, L³¹⁵, V³¹⁵_H or V³¹⁵₂. In addition the AIA do not react with the closely related DNP-binding IgA myeloma protein, MOPC 460, suggesting that they are directed against private idiotopes on MOPC 315 IgA. These idiotopes can be divided into two groups. Group I, defined by D10, A2 and G3 consists of two overlapping idiotopes, one of which is related to the hapten-binding site. The two idiotopes are formed by an interaction of amino acids in H³¹⁵ and L³¹⁵. Group II defined by F1 consists of one idiotope which is related to the hapten-binding site. This idiotope is comprised of an aminoacid sequence on H³¹⁵ which requires an interaction with either L³¹⁵ or L⁴⁶⁰ for expression. A2 and G3 react identically with the same idiotope but were derived from two independent fusion experiments. This indicates an identity of AIA clonotypes among individual mice and suggests that the isologous AIA response to MOPC 315 IgA is restricted.     

基于互信息的医学图像配准实验

基于互信息的配准方法，包括互信息和归一化互信息方法，是目前医学图像配准中无创、自动且精度很高的一种方法。已经被广泛应用。但是在其目标函数中存在着一定程度的幅值振荡现象。特别是在单模态图像配准中。我们研究发现，产生这种振荡的原因除了插值赝像外，还有由配准过程中图像重叠部分发生变化而引起的熵的变化不确定性。由插值赝像所带来的振荡基本上可以被消除掉；由熵的变化不确定性所带来的振荡很难被消除，但是这种振荡作用在归一化互信息中影响不大。归一化互信息比互信息具有更高的稳健性，适合于更广的应用范围。