戴口罩前后细菌培养和肺活量检测结果分析

目的探讨戴口罩对护士健康的影响。方法对医院30名急诊科护士连续戴口罩2h前后的鼻咽部样本做了细菌学培养．并测定戴口罩前后的肺活量。结果连续戴口罩2h后的菌落数为（105．10±72．23）CFU／cm^2，高于戴口罩前的（37．17±25．14）CFU／cm^2，差异有统计学意义（t=-5．99，P〈0．01）；戴口罩后的肺活量为（2193．10±281．73）mL．低于戴口罩前的（3170．00±291．40）mL，差异有统计学意义（t=32．75，P〈0．01）。结论长时间戴口罩增加了呼吸道自身感染的机会，使护士的肺活量下降，可能影响护士的身体健康，同时影响护患交流的效果。     

口腔保湿口罩的制作与临床应用

鼻部手术后由于鼻腔真塞患者张口呼吸，易导致口干，咽痛，患者舒适度降低，并易诱发口腔黏膜感染、溃疡。我们在临床实践中，设计了口腔湿口罩，提供给患者使用。     

Recognition of affect in facial expression using the Noh Mask Test: comparison of individuals with schizophrenia and normal controls

The purpose of the present study was to compare facial expression recognition in individuals with schizophrenia and normal controls using the Noh Mask Test. Fifteen men with schizophrenia and 15 normal controls were presented with a photograph of a Noh mask rotated either upward or downward from the neutral front-facing position, and an emotion label, and were requested to judge whether the expression of the mask was congruent with the indicated emotion. Using multidimensional scaling, the facial expression of the Noh mask recognized by the patients and the healthy controls was analyzed in 3-D: (i) Rejection-Attention; (ii) Pleasant-Unpleasant; and (iii) Awakening-Relaxation. Individuals with schizophrenia had difficulty recognizing that others had intentions of harming them. The Noh Mask Test was found to be useful in discriminating between individuals with schizophrenia and controls in the recognition of facial expression (discriminant ratio: 99.9%).     

The reliability of endtidal CO2 in spontaneously breathing children during anaesthesia with laryngeal mask airway,low flow,sevoflurane and caudal epidural

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive devices for monitoring endtidal CO2 (PECO2) are in common use in paediatric anaesthesia. Questions have been raised concerning the reliability of these devices in spontaneous breathing children during surgery. Our anaesthetic technique for elective infraumbilical surgery consists of spontaneous breathing through a Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA), low fresh gas flow, sevoflurane and a caudal epidural. We wanted to compare PECO2 and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) during surgery. METHODS: Twenty children, aged 1-6 years, scheduled for infraumbilical surgery, were studied and one arterial sample was taken 45 min after induction of anaesthesia. PECO2, inspiratory PCO2, oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial blood pressure and expiratory sevoflurane concentration were measured every 5 min. The respiratory and circulatory parameters were stable during surgery. RESULTS: The mean PaCO2 - PECO2 difference was 0.15 (0.16) kPa [1.1 (1.2 mmHg)]. CONCLUSIONS: PECO2 is a good indicator of PaCO2 in our anaesthetic setting.     

实时动态数字减影血管造影系统

本文简要介绍最新研制的实时动态数字减影血管造影系统，该系统用普通微机及数字减影图象存储处理器实现实时动态数字减影。文中对系统硬件组成、电路结构、特别是对超大容量造影图象存储处理器、蒙片图象存储器及其电路逻辑框图作了较详细的论述，同时对系统的软件功能做一简要的介绍，最后给出左心室造影的减影图象     

腹横肌神经阻滞联合喉罩全麻在老年腹股沟无张力疝修补术中的应用

目的 观察腹横肌神经阻滞联合喉罩全麻在老年腹股沟无张力疝修补术中的应用效果.方法 选择2018年1月至2018年12月本院收治的200例老年腹股沟疝行无张力疝修补术患者,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各100例,研究组采取腹横肌神经阻滞联合喉罩全麻,对照组仅进行喉罩全麻,比较两组围术期不同时间点[麻醉诱导前(T0)...     

Measurement of laryngeal elevation by automated segmentation using Mask R-CNN

The methods of measuring laryngeal elevation during swallowing are time-consuming. We aimed to propose a quick-to-use neural network (NN) model for measuring laryngeal elevation quantitatively using anatomical structures auto-segmented by Mask region-based convolutional NN (R-CNN) in videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Twelve videofluoroscopic swallowing study video clips were collected. One researcher drew the anatomical structure, including the thyroid cartilage and vocal fold complex (TVC) on respective video frames. The dataset was split into 11 videos (4686 frames) for model development and one video (532 frames) for derived model testing. The validity of the trained model was evaluated using the intersection over the union. The mean intersections over union of the C1 spinous process and TVC were 0.73 ± 0.07 [0–0.88] and 0.43 ± 0.19 [0–0.79], respectively. The recall rates for the auto-segmentation of the TVC and C1 spinous process by the Mask R-CNN were 86.8% and 99.8%, respectively. Actual displacement of the larynx was calculated using the midpoint of the auto-segmented TVC and C1 spinous process and diagonal lengths of the C3 and C4 vertebral bodies on magnetic resonance imaging, which measured 35.1 mm. Mask R-CNN segmented the TVC with high accuracy. The proposed method measures laryngeal elevation using the midpoint of the TVC and C1 spinous process, auto-segmented by Mask R-CNN. Mask R-CNN auto-segmented the TVC with considerably high accuracy. Therefore, we can expect that the proposed method will quantitatively and quickly determine laryngeal elevation in clinical settings.     

早期检出适合于面罩无创正压通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作患者的临床研究

目的 寻找早期预测面罩无创正压通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作期患者有效的指标。方法 动态观察面罩无创正压通气（ＮＩＰＰＶ）治疗前后的血气指标变化,分析有效组与无效组患者临床特征及辅助检查结果异同,寻找早期判断ＮＩＰＰＶ治疗慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）急性发作斯患者是否成功的指标。结果 ５８名ＣＯＰＤ急性发作患者进入该研究。ＮＩＰＰＶ最终治疗成功率达４１．４％,综合患者血浆白蛋白浓度、ＳＡＰＳⅡ积分、     

Mask Acne in Skin of Color: A Significant Dermatological Condition Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to the need to use personal protective equipment such as masks, among healthcare professionals and the general public. Numerous facial dermatoses linked to the use of masks have been described, from which the term maskne or mask acne has emerged. Although prolonged mask usage has been necessary, and a vast majority of people develop various skin conditions, there is a lack of research on the effects of masks on skin. In this article, we review alterations in biochemical properties of skin associated with mask use in individuals with skin of color and the factors predisposing them to developing acne. Because masks are crucial in preventing the spread of COVID-19, we also elucidate some fundamental strategies such as gentle skin care measures, decreasing the duration of mask wear, and following appropriate protocols for mask re-use, which may prevent mask acne and its long-term effects.     

中药面膜综合疗法治疗113例寻常痤疮疗效观察

目的评价中药面膜综合疗法治疗寻常痤疮的疗效。方法将入选的233例痤疮患者随机分为2组,分别予中药面膜综合疗法治疗(2次/周)和5%过氧化苯甲酰凝胶(每晚1次)治疗,两组疗程均为4周,疗程结束后按照不同标准分别判定疗效。结果治疗4周后,治疗组按皮损类型、数量、颜色、肿胀程度分类评价的治疗有效率分别是61.06%、61.06%、73.45%和74.77%,对照组是46.67%、46.67%、58.33%、59.13%,两组间不同程度皮损疗效相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中药面膜综合疗法能降低各项皮损严重程度分级。结论中药面膜综合疗法治疗Ⅰ～Ⅲ度寻常痤疮疗效明显。