推拿在高校体育实践中的运用状况

推拿在我国各大高校中已有初期运用,其在高校的体育实践课和运动健康方面的保障均有成功案例,这对高校体育实践产生了一定影响。本文通过对推拿在高校体育实践中运用状况的分析,从不同角度阐述这些应用的影响及作用,以及推拿对于高校体育发展的意义。     

循经冥想训练干预大学生抑郁情绪的效果分析

背景　现有研究表明，抑郁是影响大学生心理健康的重要原因之一。因此，有必要采取有效的方法干预大学生抑郁情绪。目的　探究循经冥想训练干预大学生抑郁情绪的效果。方法　2018年4月，在以循经冥想课题组的名义招募的某大学本科生中，发放抑郁自评量表（SDS），筛选出自愿接受循经冥想训练的60人。根据受试者性别比例，采用随机数字表法随机分为循冥组和静息组。其中循冥组30人进行4周循经冥想训练，在开始循经冥想训练前和循经冥想训练结束后填写SDS并进行E-prime情绪图片评价任务。静息组30人进行静息训练，其余与循经冥想组相同。比较两组前测、后测及前后测差值有无差异。结果　两组前测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；两组后测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；两组积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分前测与后测差值比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。静息组前测与后测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。循冥组后测积极情绪图片评分低于前测、消极情绪图片评分高于前测（P<0.05）。两组前测SDS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。循冥组后测SDS评分低于静息组，SDS评分前测与后测差值高于静息组（P<0.05）。循冥组和静息组后测SDS评分均低于前测（P<0.05）。结论　循经冥想能降低大学生抑郁水平，可能是由于其能够改变人的情绪认知评价和睡眠质量，使人变得平和。     

刍议研究生科学道德和学风教育质量管理体系之构建

研究生科学道德和学风建设是学位与研究生教育的重要组成部分。针对近年来科学研究和学术活动中各种违背科学道德和学术规范的行为时有发生,国家教育部对研究生科学道德和学风建设日益重视,因此构建研究生的科学道德和学风教育质量管理体系具有十分重要的意义。实现研究生科学道德和学风教育质量体系的方针和目标需具备三个要素,即教育实践的模式(集主题教育、方法学习、学术实践三位一体)、有效性评价机制和绩效考核机制。此外,尚需建立体系优化机制,以适应各种内外部因素的变化,保持体系的更新和优化。     

Patient Perspectives on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: A Focus on Sexual Health

BackgroundIn the last decade, many novel minimally invasive surgical techniques within benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery were developed to reduce postoperative complications that often discourage patients from pursuing BPH surgery.AimTo assess perspective of future and past international BPH surgery patients regarding their postoperative complications, namely erectile and ejaculatory function.MethodsA survey was distributed randomly to 2 groups of BPH patients: one with 149 patients having undergone surgery in the last 2 years (group A), and the other cohort of 151 men seriously considering BPH surgery in the next year (group B). This survey consisted of 20 questions that assessed patients' motivating factors for undergoing elective BPH surgery and their perspectives regarding the potential postoperative complications attributed to BPH surgery.OutcomesThe perspective of future and past international BPH surgical patients towards the preservation of their erectile and ejaculatory functions was assessed with the help of a survey.ResultsResults indicated that in general BPH surgery patients considered the maintenance of erectile (95%, n = 284) and ejaculatory function (92%, n = 276) to be important preoperative considerations, regardless of their age. Patients aged 50–59 years were most concerned with the permanent impact on sexual function and patients aged >60 years were most concerned with urinary incontinence. In patients aged >70 years, 66% (n = 43) and 62% (n = 40) of the respondents indicated that maintaining erectile and ejaculatory function was important, respectively.Clinical ImplicationsPatient-centered care needs to be implemented in order to address the importance that past and future BPH surgery patients hold toward the maintenance of their postoperative sexual function.Strengths & LimitationsIn the group of patients having previously undergone BPH surgery, the possibility of recall bias should be taken into account when interpreting the study's findings. However, maintaining sexual function was also important for the group of patients seriously considering surgery in the next year suggesting that these considerations are not solely due to recall bias. Additionally, the results were limited by the small sample size of participants in groups A (n = 149) and B (n = 151).ConclusionIt was found that past and future BPH surgery patients attribute a significant importance toward the maintenance of their sexual function. Although novel approaches with better sexual outcomes such as Rezum and UroLift for prostates <80 mL, and Aquablation for any size prostate are available, more research is needed to investigate their long-term effects on sexual function before they can be recommended to patients.Bouhadana D, Nguyen D-D, Zorn KC, et al. Patient Perspectives on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgery: A Focus on Sexual Health. J Sex Med 2020;17:2108–2112.     

广东高校贫困大学生心理健康状况调查与思考

目的了解广东高校贫困生心理健康状况并提出相应建议。方法用康奈尔医学指数（CMI）及社会支持评定量表，对广东省5所高校500名学生进行了问卷调查，并采用SPSS11．0进行相关统计和分析。结果贫困大学生的心理健康状况在某些方面存在不足，在性别、地域来源等有差异。结论高校应重视贫困大学生的心理健康状况，加强情感引导，尤其不能忽视对女贫困大学生的关注和帮助。     

民族生留学生考试不及格原因与对策调查

为了解临床医学专业留学生和民族生较为严重的功课不及格的原因并寻求相应的对策，课题组于2005年12月进行了学生问卷调查，2006年4月对教师进行了半结构式访谈调查和访谈发现，学生的汉语水平和原有的学习基础、学习生活习惯、对学校教学管理制度和管理系统的熟悉程度、自学时间和学习努力程度、学校学院教师对待他们方式等是主要的影响因素；根据调查与访谈，课题组针对影响因素归纳出了相应的对策，     

医科院校学生心理危机管理浅探

结合医科院校学生心理危机管理的实践，阐述大学生心理危机的内涵、类型、特征及心理危机管理的特性，并从建立预警系统、增设心理委员、危机处理的专业化及危机干预策略等方面探讨在医科院校加强学生心理危机管理的对策。     

Teaching Family Policy in Undergraduate and Graduate Classrooms: Why It's Important and How to Do It Better*

Abstract: As newcomers on college campuses, family policy courses have the potential to benefit policymaking, fill a void in undergraduate and graduate education, strengthen families, and prepare students for lifelong political engagement during a pivotal period in their development. Yet, family policy has proven a challenging course to teach. Family policy is an esoteric concept, which makes courses difficult to distinguish from other policy courses. The content of a family policy course is fluid and inherently value laden. This paper proposes course content and teaching techniques to transform these challenges into learning opportunities. The author discusses similarities and differences in teaching undergraduate and graduate courses and recommends cross‐university dialogue and resource exchange to improve the teaching of family policy in college classrooms.     

试论医学院校的转型和发展战略

我国医学院校的发展道路有通过“强强联合”并入综合性大学和通过学科多样化“转型”为多科性大学两种类型。“转型”方式虽然不受广泛的关注，却正在低调而广泛地运行，成为独立设置医学院校自我发展和提高的主要方式。转型期医学院校在发展战略上有明显共性，如专业学科布局的优化、大力扶植基础学科、整合临床资源凸显医学主体、校园规划和建设体现多科性大学的包容性等，应予以重视。     

Introducing dental students to clinical patient care: The complete denture prosthodontics transition clinic

Using complete denture treatment as an introduction to clinical patient care for dental students, the purposes of the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry are to reduce the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience, and to encourage development of student self-confidence and skills. In the 2002 spring semester, faculty at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry initiated the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic for DS-II (second-year) dental students, as an introduction to clinical patient care. Each patient was assigned to a team of two dental students. Three Division of Prosthodontics faculty members staffed each clinic session, providing a student-to-faculty ratio of approximately 6.6:1 and a patient-to-faculty ratio of approximately 3.3:1. All DS-II students in the Class of 2004 delivered their first complete dentures no later than 8 months (average, 184 days) after the last day of the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course. The time from the diagnostic appointment through the denture placement appointment averaged 39 days for patients treated in this program, compared with an average of 98 days or more for previous classes. The program was successful in achieving the goal of reducing the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience.