A role of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins in increased lymphocyte apoptosis in aged humans

Lymphocytes from aged humans show increased death-receptor-mediated apoptosis, which is associated with an increased and early activation of caspases. Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins inhibit apoptosis by inhibiting activation and activity of caspases. Therefore, we examine the expression of two of the IAPs, the cIAP-2 and XIAP in lymphocytes from young and aged subjects by Western blotting. Lymphocytes from aged expressed significantly less cIAP2 whereas no difference was observed in XIAP expression between young and aged subjects. These data may suggest that decreased cIAP2 may play a role in increased apoptosis in aged humans. Possible mechanisms for the regulation of IAPs in aging are discussed.     

Immunologic tolerance

Immunologic tolerance, an active state of antigen specific non-responsiveness, is important in understanding autoimmune diseases and the potential for transplant acceptance. Recent progress in basic studies and preclinical models involving mixed chimerism, costimulatory blockade, immune deviation, and HLA derived peptides suggest that clinical applications are now possible. The National Institutes of Health and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation recently launched an Immune Tolerance Network made up of investigators from around the world to develop clinical trials in immune tolerance in autoimmune disease, transplantation and allergy. This review highlights historical perspectives and recent progress in induction and maintenance of immunologic tolerance relevant to pediatric nephrology. Received: 11 January 2001 / Revised: 19 March 2001 / Accepted: 19 March 2001     

Effects of heat and intermittent exercise on leukocyte and sub-population cell counts

This study examined the combined effects of heat stress and intermittent exercise on circulating leukocyte and sub-population cell counts. Using a randomized-block design, 11 healthy male subjects [mean (SD) age = 29.1 (3.0) years maximal oxygen consumption ( ) = 47.6 (6.1) ml/(kg-min)] were assigned to four conditions. Each subject exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% (two 30-min bouts, with 45 min rest between), or acted as his own control by sitting at 23°C, or at 40°C, 30% relative humidity, for 3 h. Blood samples taken prior to, during, and after each rest and exercise bout, and at corresponding times when sitting were used for Coulter cell counter and flow cytometric analysis. Sitting conditions did not produce any significant immunological changes. Intermittent exercise induced a biphasic response of granulocytosis, monocytosis and lymphocytosis, with a return to baseline between exercise bouts. One hour following the second exercise bout, samples showed a consistent granulocytosis, monocytosis and lymphocytosis (CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD19⁺ cell counts). The second exercise bout produced a larger response than the first, further exacerbated when exercising at 40°C. We conclude there is a synergism between heat and exercise exposure. An increase in core temperature and exercise stress recruit leukocytes into the peripheral circulation, with potentiation of the response during a second bout of exercise. However, while the increase of core temperature remains moderate, the disturbance of immune function does not appear to have great clinical significance.     

某退役铀矿山周围居民淋巴细胞微核率分析

目的 调查某退役铀矿山周围居民外周血淋巴细胞微核情况,初步探讨环境因素对微核的影响,为综合治理退役铀矿周围环境提供科学依据。方法 采集100名退役铀矿山周围居民外周静脉血,用常规淋巴细胞微核培养法,检查淋巴细胞微核,进行统计分析。结果 在100名居民中,微核检出率为88.0%,细胞微核率（9.46±6.62）‰、微核细胞率为（8.77±5.92）‰;按性别和年龄分别分组分析得出,细胞微核率和微核细胞率整体随着年龄的增加而增加,但男性和女性增加的速度和幅度在各年龄段稍有不同,男性各组间无明显差异（P>0.05）,女性微核细胞率各组间无明显差异（P>0.05）,细胞微核率各组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 该退役铀矿山周围居民外周血淋巴细胞微核检出率、淋巴细胞微核率和微核细胞率远超过国内外报道的本底范围,应对退役铀矿周围环境采取更具针对性的综合治理措施,以确保退役铀矿山周围居民的健康。     

自然流产者主动免疫的疗效与预后分析

目的探讨分析对自然流产者采用主动免疫的疗效与预后。方法选取2010年1月至2012年1月在我院就诊的70例不明原因的发生自然流产的患者对其进行主动免疫治疗。治疗后对患者进行为期1~2年的随访记录治疗结果。结果 70例患者均在主动免疫治疗结束后再次妊娠,65例患者妊娠基本正常可以保持正常妊娠时间,妊娠成功率为92.9%。结论主动免疫治疗原因不明自然流产临床效果良好。     

术后早期炎症指标对胰十二指肠切除术后严重胰瘘的预测作用

目的 探讨胰十二指肠切除术（PD）术后早期炎症指标对严重胰瘘的预测作用。方法 回顾性分析2017年8月至2021年4月在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院普外科行胰十二指肠切除术的共117例病人的临床资料。通过查阅病历收集病人的一般资料,术后第1天和第3天的C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）及术后并发症的发生及处理情况。分析严重胰瘘组和非严重胰瘘组间上述指标的差异,利用受试者操作特征曲线（ROC曲线）分析上述指标对严重胰瘘的预测作用。结果 117例行胰十二指肠切除术的病人中B级胰瘘34例,C级胰瘘2例,严重胰瘘26例。严重胰瘘组和非严重胰瘘组间一般资料比较结果显示,两组在年龄、性别、术前体质量指数（BMI）、术前胆红素水平、手术时间、出血量、术前有无胆道引流、病理方面均差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。严重胰瘘组与非严重胰瘘组间术后第1天CRP[(104.12±38.73)mg/L比（70.46±30.85）mg/L],术后第3天CRP[(203.99±59.84)mg/L比（141.08±46.39）mg/L]、NLR...