慢性心力衰竭患者外周淋巴细胞核因子-κB的活化及卡维地洛的干预作用

目的:研究慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者外周淋巴细胞核因子(NF)-κB活化水平与CHF程度之间的关系,从NF-κB调控炎性细胞因子表达的角度,探讨β-受体阻滞剂治疗CHF的可能机制。方法:将40例CHF患者(CHF组)分成卡维地洛干预亚组(卡维地洛亚组,在传统CHF治疗的基础上加用卡维地洛,卡维地洛从3·125mg,bid开始,如无明显不良反应每1~2周剂量倍增,直至最大耐受剂量;14例)与非卡维地洛干预亚组(非卡维地洛亚组,除β-受体阻滞剂外的传统药物治疗;26例);以同期20例健康体检者作为正常对照组。应用免疫细胞化学法测定外周血淋巴细胞NF-κB活化的阳性率;同时测定高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血沉(ESR)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末内径(LVED)等指标。结果:①CHF患者外周血淋巴细胞NF-κB阳性率(66·95±2·81)%以及hs-CRP(6·61±1·11)mg/L、ESR(9·58±1·16)mm/h等炎性相关指标均显著高于正常对照组分别为(23·25±2·44)%、(1·34±0·20)mg/L、(5·10±0·44)mm/h,均P<0·01;②卡维地洛亚组患者NF-κB阳性率(55·64±3·34)%、hs-CRP(3·56±0·67)mg/L均较非卡维地洛亚组患者分别为(73·04±3·41)%、(8·25±1·59)mg/L有显著降低(均P<0·01),而ESR(7·00±0·80)mm/h也显著低于非卡维地洛亚组患者(10·58±1·54)mm/h,P<0·05;③CHF患者的外周淋巴细胞NF-κB的阳性率与LVED(r=0·414,P<0·05)、LVEF(r=0·356,P<0·05)、NYHA分级(r=0·584,P<0·01)、hs-CRP(r=0·650,P<0·01)、ESR(r=0·354,P<0·05)等均有显著相关性。结论:NF-κB的活化可能参与了CHF的恶化,卡维地洛治疗CHF的作用机制部分地与抑制NF-κB的活性而减轻炎性反应有关。     

Effect of scar-producing moxibustion at the acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Feishu (BL 13) on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and quality of life in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized,controlled trial

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of heat stimulation via scar-producing moxibustion at the acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Feishu (BL 13) on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and quality of life in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

淋巴细胞转移抗病毒活性的机理研究

本文研究了人淋巴细胞与FL细胞共同培养后干扰素介导的抗病毒活性转移的机理。受者FL细胞表达的抗病毒转移活性具有下述特点:①用PHA封闭FL细胞膜上的干扰素受体后,不影响FL细胞表达转移的抗病毒活性;②混合培养时存在的抗2-5P_3A_3抗体不影响FL细胞表达抗病毒活性;③用放线菌素D抑制FL细胞的mRNA合成,能抑制FL细胞表达抗病毒活性。据此我们认为,干扰素活化后淋巴细胞膜上形成的第二信使分子可能是介导细胞之间密切接触转移抗病毒活性的重要介质。     

急性化脓性扁桃体炎证候层次与T淋巴细胞亚群变化的相关性研究

目的探讨急性化脓性扁桃体炎卫分证、气分证、营分证患者外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群数目及比值变化。方法对85例急性化脓性扁桃体炎患者和30例健康体检儿童用采用流式细胞技术检测外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群的数目及比值。结果与正常对照组比较,卫分证组CD3+、CD4+细胞数目、CD4+/CD3+和CD4+/CD8+比值显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);气分证组CD3+、CD4+细胞数目、CD4+/CD3+和CD4+/CD8+比值明显升高,CD8+/CD3+比值显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);营分证组CD4+/CD3+和CD4+/CD8+比值显著升高,CD8+/CD3+比值显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。与卫分证组比较,气分证组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+细胞数目变化差异无统计学意义(P≥0.05);营分证组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+细胞数目均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。与气分证组比较,营分证组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+细胞数目均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 T淋巴细胞亚群数目与比值的改变可能是急性化脓性扁桃体炎卫-气-营3个不同阶段传变的内在原因之一。     

吲哚美辛对阻塞性黄疸病人外周血淋巴细胞IL-10、IL-2活性的影响

目的研究吲哚美辛对阻塞性黄疸病人外周血淋巴细胞IL-10、IL-2活性和血浆中前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平的影响。方法于阻塞性黄疸病人用药前及口服吲哚美辛(25mg,3次/d)7d后取周围血,分别用放射免疫和ELISA法测定其血浆中的PGE2水平及外周血淋巴细胞IL-10、IL-2活性。结果用药前,阻塞性黄疸病人血浆中PGE2水平及外周血淋巴细胞IL-10活性明显升高,而IL-2活性明显下降,且IL-10、IL-2的活性与PGE2水平显著相关;用药后,病人血淋巴细胞IL-2活性明显升高,而IL-10活性及血浆中PGE2水平明显下降,且与用药前相比有显著性差异。结论阻塞性黄疸病人存在细胞免疫功能受损,吲哚美辛能够明显改善其免疫功能状态,有可能成为临床上降低阻塞性黄疸病人易感性的有价值的药物之一。     

长期混合淋巴细胞培养-细胞毒实验模型的建立

目的：建立一种能较逼真地模拟移植排斥反应的体外实验模型。方法：利用EB病毒转化的BI林巴母样细胞系作为刺激细胞,诱导同种异体或异种外周血单个核细胞增殖,并分化为效应细胞,然后检测效应细胞对刺激细胞源靶细胞的杀伤活性,建立长期混合淋巴细胞培养,细胞毒实验模型。结果：用不同刺激细胞诱导产生的效应细胞能有效杀伤刺激细胞来源的靶细胞,进一步克隆实验证实这种杀伤效应是由CD8^ 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）所致,结论：长期混合淋巴细胞培养－细胞毒实验模型能较逼真地模拟器官移植受者体内发生的由CTL介导的急性排斥反应。     

手术方式与T2期胆囊癌预后的关系

目的探讨手术方式与肿瘤侵犯胆囊壁全层但未穿透浆膜的他期胆囊癌预后的关系。方法回顾性分析1990-2004年收治的24例佗期胆囊癌的临床资料，采用Kaplan-Meier法分析胆囊癌根治组（14例）和单纯胆囊切除组（10例）的生存率和无瘤生存率。结果根治组和单纯胆囊切除组术后的1、3、5年生存率分别为100％、71％、54％和70％、30％、20％，两组生存时间的差异有统计学意义（x^2=4．659，P=0．031）。根治组和单纯胆囊切除组的中位临床无瘤生存时间分别为45和13．5个月，两组临床无瘤生存时间的差异有统计学意义（x^2=3．854，P=0．049）。结论对佗期胆囊癌应积极行胆囊癌根治手术，胆囊癌根治术是提高佗期胆囊癌长期生存率及临床无瘤生存率的有效手段。     

氯丙嗪和氯氮平对小鼠生殖细胞和人淋巴细胞的诱变效应

为探讨氯丙嗪和氯氮平在使用临床治疗剂量时的遗传毒理效应，研究了两药对小鼠生殖细胞和小鼠子代体细胞的影响，以及对人体淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ）频率及微核率的影响。结果显示：（１）连续给药５天后第１周两药高、中、低三个剂量组均能引起小鼠精子头部畸形率明显增高，但停药４周后对精子的致畸作用基本消失；（２）两药对小鼠睾丸细胞及子代体细胞的染色体结构畸变率均无明显影响；（３）两药在治疗剂量时对人淋巴细胞的ＳＣＥ频率及微核率无明显影响，治疗前后的自身对照研究亦未见两频率有明显改变；（４）两药的血药浓度与ＳＣＥ频率及微核率之间无量效关系。研究结果提示，两药在临床治疗剂量时对小鼠生殖细胞染色体结构以及对人体遗传物质均无明显损伤作用。     

Isolation and phenotypic characterization of mucosal nasal lymphocytes by direct ex vivo analysis

Cellular inflammation of the nasal mucosa demonstrates a local immune response which plays an important role in allergic rhinitis. The aim of the present study was to characterize nasal mucosal lymphocytes regarding their activation and differentiation state by direct ex vivo flowcytometric analysis. Lymphocytes from the inferior turbinates were isolated by a mechanical method of preparation and, for comparison, from peripheral blood by Ficoll gradient centrifugation. Patients suffering from rhinitis or difficulty in nasal breathing were divided into an allergic (pollen-allergy, n = 13) and non-allergic group (n = 24). Expression of different T- and B-cell markers was determined by flowcytometric analysis. CD4+ T-cells from the nasal mucosa exhibited a memory phenotype (CD45RO+, 97%), were highly activated (CD69+, 43–73%), and showed low expression of the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA+, 5%). Nasal CD20+ B-lymphocytes expressed significantly higher levels of mIgE and lower levels of CD23 and CD80 than peripheral B-cells. Subsets of CD80+ (4%) and CD86+ (6%) CD20+ B-lymphocytes were identified in the nasal mucosa. No significant differences between allergic and non-allergic individuals were determined. As expected, the data show profound phenotypical differences between circulating peripheral blood and nasal mucosal lymphocytes. Activated memory lymphocytes are present in the nasal mucosa from allergic, but also non-allergic patients and may indicate to a significant role of a local inflammatory state without systemic criteria for allergy. In our study, we show that direct ex vivo isolation of lymphocytes is practicable method and offers a new technique to examine the local nasal allergic immune response using a multiparametric phenotypical analysis. Christin Wolfram and Claudia Rasche contributed equally to this work.     

Lymphocyte measures in treatment-naïve 13-15-year old adolescents with alcohol use disorders

Many adolescents have chronic exposure to hazardous levels of alcohol. This is likely to be a significant predictor of health outcomes, including those related to immunity. We assessed substance use and biochemical immunological parameters in heavy drinking adolescents (meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence) and light/nondrinking control adolescents in Cape Town. Lifetime alcohol dose, measured in standard units of alcohol, was orders of magnitude higher in alcohol-dependent (AD) participants than controls. All adolescent AD had a “weekends-only” style of alcohol consumption. The AD group was chosen to represent relatively “pure” AD, with minimal other drug use and no psychiatric diagnoses. With these narrow parameters in place, we found that AD adolescents were lymphopenic compared with controls, with significantly lower mean numbers of absolute circulating CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. On conclusion, we found that adolescent AD individuals with excessive alcohol intake, in a weekend binge-drinking style but without comorbid drug or psychiatric disorders, may be at increased risk of lymphopenia. This alcohol misuse may increase infectious disease susceptibility (including TB and HIV) by reducing immune system capabilities. Complex interactions of alcohol with other documented high-risk activities may further compound health risks.