The muscle findings in a pediatric patient with live attenuated oral polio vaccine-related flaccid monoplegia

A pediatric patient, who was given live-attenuated oral polio vaccine twice without distinct gait disturbance during infancy, begun to present limp at 3 years. His gait disturbance became remarkable with aging. At 7 years, he was unable to dorsiflex the left ankle, and presented flaccid monoplegia of the left lower extremity, and the left Achilles tendon reflex was diminished. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple crack-lines in the left anterior tibial muscle, but was unable to detect any distinct lesion at responsible level of L4, L5 and S1 anterior horn cells’ degeneration. Electromyography showed continuous fibrillation potentials, but muscle biopsy presented nearly normal in this muscle. The serum levels of polio antibody type 1 and type 2 titers were elevated 64× respectively, while the type 3 antibody titer was not elevated 4×. This patient was diagnosed as live attenuated oral polio vaccine-related flaccid monoplegia, with mild clinical course.     

Uptake and transfection efficiency of PEGylated cationic liposome–DNA complexes with and without RGD-tagging

Steric stabilization of cationic liposome–DNA (CL–DNA) complexes is required for in vivo applications such as gene therapy. PEGylation (PEG: poly(ethylene glycol)) of CL–DNA complexes by addition of PEG2000-lipids yields sterically stabilized nanoparticles but strongly reduces their gene delivery efficacy. PEGylation-induced weakening of the electrostatic binding of CL–DNA nanoparticles to cells (leading to reduced uptake) has been considered as a possible cause, but experimental results have been ambiguous. Using quantitative live-cell imaging in vitro, we have investigated cell attachment and uptake of PEGylated CL–DNA nanoparticles with and without a custom synthesized RGD-peptide grafted to the distal ends of PEG2000-lipids. The RGD-tagged nanoparticles exhibit strongly increased cellular attachment as well as uptake compared to nanoparticles without grafted peptide. Transfection efficiency of RGD-tagged PEGylated CL–DNA NPs increases by about an order of magnitude between NPs with low and high membrane charge density (σ_M; the average charge per unit area of the membrane; controlled by the molar ratio of cationic to neutral lipid), even though imaging data show that uptake of RGD-tagged particles is only slightly enhanced by high σ_M. This suggests that endosomal escape and, as a result, transfection efficiency of RGD-tagged NPs is facilitated by high σ_M. We present a model describing the interactions between PEGylated CL–DNA nanoparticles and the anionic cell membrane which shows how the PEG grafting density and membrane charge density affect adhesion of nanoparticles to the cell surface.     

冻融胚胎移植周期中不同辅助生殖技术助孕方式和移植不同发育阶段胚胎对出生性别比的影响

目的:探讨冻融胚胎移植（frozen-thawed embryo transfer, FET）周期中不同辅助生殖技术（assisted reproductive technology, ART）助孕方式和移植不同发育阶段胚胎对新生儿性别的影响。方法:回顾性队列研究分析2010年4月至2018年10月期间于广州市妇女儿童...     

2016—2018年长沙市人群及活禽市场环境H5N6亚型禽流感病毒监测分析

目的:开展2016—2018年长沙市人群感染和活禽市场(live poultry markets, LPMs)环境污染H5N6亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus, AIV)监测,为防控人感染H5N6亚型AIV提供实验室数据。方法:采集2016—2018年长沙市流感样病例和不明原因肺炎病例咽拭子6...     

Length of ovarian stimulation does not impact live birth rate in fresh donor oocyte cycles: a SART CORS study

PurposeTo evaluate the effect of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation length and total gonadotropin (GN) dose on recipient live birth rate (LBR) in fresh donor oocyte cycles.MethodsData was obtained from SART CORS on all fresh donor oocyte GnRH antagonist cycles (n = 1049) between 2014 and 2015 which resulted in a single embryo transferred. Donor and recipient demographic information and cycle characteristics were extracted. Binomial regression was used to estimate LBR with respect to days of stimulation (DOS) and total GN dose. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate these relationships after controlling for confounders.ResultsOverall LBR in fresh donor oocyte cycles was 57%. Average stimulation length was 14.3 ± 4.9 days, and total GN dose was 2464 ± 1062 IU. On univariate analysis, neither days of stimulation (p = 0.5) nor total GN dose (p = 0.57) was independently correlated with LBR. However, in prolonged stimulations (> 15 days) with high total GN dose (> 3000 IU), as both the cycle length and total GN dose increased, LBR significantly decreased from 63.81 to 48.15% (p = 0.02) and from 67.61 to 48.15% (p = 0.01), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed no significant effect of either DOS or total GN dose on LBR.ConclusionsLBR is significantly decreased in fresh donor oocyte cycles when cycles are prolonged with high total GN dose. However, after controlling for confounders neither DOS nor total GN dose significantly affects LBR.     

产后应用乳杆菌活菌对阴道微环境改善及减少产后性生活疼痛的临床效果观察

目的:观察产后应用乳杆菌活菌对阴道微环境改善及减少产后性生活疼痛的临床效果。方法:临床纳入2014年1月至2015年1月于我院分娩的顺产产后妇女120例,根据产后有无应用乳杆菌活菌胶囊分为研究组与对照组。研究组给予乳杆菌活菌胶囊纳阴,对照组未使用乳杆菌活菌胶囊。观察两组患者用药前后阴道p H值、阴道炎患病率以及性生活疼痛情况等。结果:治疗前,两组患者p H值差异无显著性(P>0.05)。治疗后,研究组p H值为(4.40±0.66),对照组p H值为(5.69±0.70),差异有显著性(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组滴虫性阴道炎、细菌性阴道炎、外阴假丝酵母菌病患病率分别为3.33%、0.00%、3.33%,对照组分别为5.00%、16.67%、6.67%。两组细菌性阴道炎患病率差异有显著性(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度性生活疼痛发生率分别为63.33%、18.33%、16.67%、6.67%,对照组分别为36.67%、31.67%、20.00%、11.67%。两组I度性生活疼痛发生率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:产后应用乳杆菌活菌胶囊纳阴能够显著降低阴道内p H值,改善阴道微环境降低细菌性阴道炎的发生。另外,其还能够有效减少产后性生活的疼痛。     

腹腔镜肝尾状叶切除的单中心经验

目的探讨腹腔镜肝尾状叶切除的手术技巧,回顾性分析18例腹腔镜单独肝尾状叶切除术的临床疗效。 方法2013年1月至2018年3月,18例肝尾状叶肿瘤、血管瘤或局灶性结节性增生的患者采取腹腔镜肝尾状叶切除术,对其临床资料进行分析。 结果18例腹腔镜肝尾状叶切除术均成功,手术时间75～420 min ,平均126.3 min;术中出血量50～350 ml,平均87.7 ml;术后住院时间6～15 d,平均10.2 d;术后ALT、AST、TBIL在术后1 d上升,但是术后3 d及术后5 d呈下降的趋势。术后无出血、肝衰竭、感染、死亡等严重并发症。 结论腹腔镜肝尾状叶切除是安全、可行的。     

肝移植5年后生存影响因素分析

目的评估我院肝移植患者长期生存情况,分析肝移植5年后生存质量的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2000年3月至2007年8月完成46例生存超过5年的肝移植病例,分析死亡原因、各种并发症情况。结果生存超过5年的46例患者中,死亡4例,其中胆道并发症2例,重症乙型肝炎1例,心肌梗塞1例,各种并发症:高脂血症8例,高血压7例,糖尿病3例,胆道并发症6例,乙肝复发3例,肾功能损害2例,心肌梗塞1例。结论胆道并发症、乙肝复发及免疫抑制剂副作用是影响肝移植5年后生存质量的主要因素,加强多学科长期临床随访指导,低剂量免疫抑制剂联合应用是提高肝移植5年后生存质量的重要因素。     

恩替卡韦预防肝移植术后HBV再感染的临床研究

目的评价恩替卡韦联合乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG）预防原位肝移植（OLT）术后HBV再感染的效果，探讨HBV复发高危患者的预防策略。方法对具有肝移植术后HBV再感染高危因素的患者，采用双向型的队列研究。试验组：前瞻性研究从2006年3月至2007年6月行同种异体原位肝移植术患者，术后长期使用恩替卡韦＋肌注型HBIG预防HBV再感染；对照组：回顾性分析2003年9月至2006年3月行同种异体原位肝移植术的患者，术后长期使用拉米夫定＋肌注型HBIG。两组患者观察截止~1]2008年3月，对HBVDNA定量水平、乙肝两对半、HBV再感染时间、累积再感染率进行统计学分析。结果试验组38例患者，随访时间（18．5±53）个月，未发现HBV再感染；对照组共116例患者，随访时间（20．2±9．8）个月，其中15例出现了HBV再感染，再感染率为12．9％，再感染时间为（18．9±8．7）个月，两组差异有统计学意义。对两组患者累积再感染率行Kaplan—Meier法分析提示两组患者累积再感染率曲线有统计学意义，试验组的累积再感染率低于对照组（0VS12．93％，P〈0．05）。结论对具有HBV再感染高危因素的患者，恩替卡韦联合HBIG与拉米夫定联合HBIG相比，有效地降低了肝移植术后HBV再感染率。